nourishment + remove waste hyaluronic acid Anterior chamber - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aqueous Humor Vitreous Humor Thin watery fluid Gel-like fluid Anterior segment Posterior segment Transparent Transparent Supporting shape Supporting shape + absorbing shocks Supplies nutrients + 99% water 1% collagen + nourishment + remove waste hyaluronic acid

Anterior chamber borders: 1. Posterior surface of the Cornea (endothelium) 2. Anterior surface of the iris 3. Anterior surface of the lens

Depth : 3 – 3.15 mm ( 4.4 * 2.2 ) decreases 0.01 mm per year hyper myopic < hypo myopic children < Adults Distance : 11.3 * 12.4 Volume : 0.25 ml of aqueous humor decreases 0.11 microliter per year

Anterior chamber borders: 1. Posterior surface of the Cornea (endothelium) 2. Anterior surface of the iris 3. Anterior surface of the lens

ةمحللا تانوكم:  نيجلبوكلا فايلأ  فيللا تاعناص  ةيغابصلا ايلبخلا  ةقدحلل ةعسوملاو ةضبقملا تلبضعلا  ةيومدلا ةيعولؤا  ةيسحلاو ةيكرحلا ةيبصعلا فايللؤا يوتحت لب ةنرم فايلأ ىلع 

Blood supply : 2 long posterior ciliary artery + 7 anterior ciliary arteries Nerve supply : Dilated muscle : Long posterior ciliary nerve  nasociliary branch  Ophthalmic nerve  Trigeminal nerve Sympathetic Sphincter muscle : short ciliary nerve  ciliary ganglion  ophthalmic nerve parasympathetic

The ciliary body : 1. Ciliary epithelium 2. Ciliary stroma 3. Ciliary muscles

Ciliary epithelium : • Nonpigmented • Pigmented Ciliary stroma : • Connective tissue • Mylanocytes • Blood Vessels

Ciliary muscles: (كورب ةلضع) 1. Longitudinal fibers 2. Radial fibers (رلوم ةلضع) 3. Circular fibers

Parasympathetic: Short Ciliary Nerves  Ciliary Ganglion  Oculomotor Nerve  Edinger Westphal Nucleous Sympathetic: Paravascular Plexus Sinsory Nerves: Long Ciliary Nerves  Trigeminal Nerve

Trabicular meshwork : ) ( 1. Uveal meshwork 25-75 micrometer ) ( 2. Corneoscleral meshwork 5-50 micrometer 3. Juxtacanalicular meshwork

Schlemm’s canal :  Duct with diameter of 190-350 micrometer  25-35 collector ducts at the scleral aspect

Aqueous Humor outflow Conventional pathway Unconventional pathway  10-30%  70-90%  Pressure  Pressure Independent Dependent  Iris & ciliary body  Trabeculum stroma   Schlemm Supracoroid  Plexus Vortex Veins &  Episcleral Scleral Emmisary Veins Canals

Determinants of Aqueous Humor functions Aqueous humor formation Resistance in outflow channels Episcleral venous pressure • Inflammation • Age • Increased CVP • Blood Pressure • Pupillary block • Valsalva • Hypo osmolarity of plasma • Trabecular Meshwork Block • Hypercarbia • Carotid Cavernous Fistula • Detachment • Accommodation • Hypotension • Drugs • Drugs • Decreased carotid • Anaesthesia flow • Decreased CVP

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