NEW NEW SATELLITE ARCHITECTURES SATELLITE ARCHITECTURES for for Quality of Service of Service Quality in the the Internet Internet in H. Nghia Nghia PHAM PHAM H. (npham npham@ @eutelsat eutelsat. .fr fr) ) ( 8-ième ième RENCONTRE INRIA-INDUSTRIE, RENCONTRE INRIA-INDUSTRIE, 8- 26-November November-98 -98 26-
NEW... not FUTURISTIC EUTELSAT FLEET IN 2000 EUTELSAT W1 48° E 7° E 10° E 36° E 29° E 25.6° E 13° E 16° E 21.5° E EUTELSAT EUTELSAT II W3 EUTELSAT II HOT BIRD 1 EUROPESAT IB EUTELSAT EUTELSAT II SESAT HOT BIRD 2 W2 EUTELSAT II EUTELSAT W4 HOT BIRD 3 HOT BIRD 4 HOT BIRD 5
PRECONCEIVED IDEAS PRECONCEIVED IDEAS CONCERNING SATELLITE CONCERNING SATELLITE ■ Long Long delay delay ■ ■ Error Error- -prone prone ■ ■ Insufficient bandwidth Insufficient bandwidth ■ ■ Broadcast centric Broadcast centric ■ ■ Expensive Expensive ■
RTT=250ms RTT=250ms EXCESSIVE DELAY? EXCESSIVE DELAY? RECORDED RESPONSE TIME IN EUROPE www.internettrafficreport.com RTTavg RTTmax Yesterday 686ms ---- (10:00PM) Last 7days 480ms 800ms Last 30days 450ms 960ms
Error- -prone prone? ? Error WRONG! WRONG! ■ In In the early days the early days, satellite , satellite links were designed links were designed ■ -3 ( for BER<10 -3 (without without FEC). FEC). for BER<10 -11 BER< 10 -11 ■ Today they offer Today they offer BER< 10 ■ ■ HOW? HOW? With the With the use of use of concatenated Viterbi concatenated Viterbi ■ and Reed Reed- -Solomon FECs Solomon FECs, , popularised by the popularised by the and DVB standard DVB standard ■ Integrity Integrity of user data of user data is preserved even is preserved even in in ■ -2 BER of 2x10 -2 presence of a of a raw channel raw channel BER of 2x10 presence
Not enough bandwidth? ? Not enough bandwidth WRONG! WRONG! ■ EUTELSAT 3rd EUTELSAT 3rd generation generation satellite carry satellite carry high high ■ power amplifiers amplifiers (+100 Watts). (+100 Watts). power ■ Each transponder is Each transponder is capable of 40 capable of 40 Mbit Mbit/s /s ■ throughput ( (using using DVB-S standard). DVB-S standard). throughput ■ Several Several satellites satellites can be colocated at one can be colocated at one orbital orbital ■ position (100 transponders transponders/position). /position). position (100 ■ A single A single antenna with antenna with a dual- a dual-feed system can feed system can ■ receive from two orbital positions orbital positions receive from two ■ Advanced Advanced modulation (8PSK TCM, 16 QAM) modulation (8PSK TCM, 16 QAM) ■
THE HOT BIRD PROGRAMME 5 CO-LOCATED SATELLITES: HOT BIRD 1 HOT BIRD 2 HOT BIRD 3 HOT BIRD 4 HOT BIRD 5 (replaces II-F1) 98 TRANSPONDERS ARE AVAILABLE AT 13º East OCCUPYING THE FULL SPECTRUM FROM 10.70 TO12.75 GHz AND CAPABLE TO CARRY OVER 90 ANALOGUE CHANNELS OR UP TO 900 DIGITAL TV CHANNELS OR ANY COMBINATION OF THE TWO
5 satellites co 5 satellites 12.75 GHz 12.91634/36 1 12.93709/36 2 HB2 HB1 10.70 GHz 12.95784/36 3 110 10.71918/33 12.97859/36 111 4 10.72713/46.5 13.00 GHz 12.99934/36 5 112 10.75754/33 113 13.02009/36 10.77508/36 6 13.04084/36 7 114 10.79590/33 115 13.06159/36 10.81508/33 8 13.08234/36 9 116 10.83426/33 117 10 10.85344/33 13.10309/36 HB4 HB3 13.12384/36 11 118 10.87262/33 119 12 10.89180/33 13.14459/36 120 13 10.91098/33 13.16700/36 121 10.93016/33 14 13.18775/36 122 10.95 GHz 15 10.94934/33 13.20850/36 16 123 13.22925/36 10.97141/36 124 13.25 GHz 10.99167/72 10.99167/72 10.99216/36 25 20 125 10.01291/36 13.75 GHz 126 11.03366/36 II-F1 HB5 127 11.05441/36 13.86574/33 128 10.07500/72 10.07500/72 11.07516/36 26 21 95 13.88492/33 129 11.09591/36 96 13.90410/33 130 11.11666/36 97 13.92328/33 98 13.94246/33 99 131 11.15833/72 11.15833/72 27 22 11.15833/72 100 13.96328/36 132 11.17908/72 101 13.98082/33 11.20 GHz 14.00 GHz 153 11.22075/36 14.01918/33 1 154 11.24150/36 2 14.03836/33 155 11.26225/36 14.05754/33 skyplex steerable 3 156 HOT BIRD SERIES FREQUENCY PLAN 14.07672/33 11.28300/36 4 157 14.09590/33 11.30375/36 158 5 14.11508/33 11.32450/36 6 159 14.13426/33 11.34525/36 co- 90 14.15344/33 7 11.36600/36 8 91 14.17262/33 11.38675/36 9 92 14.19180/33 11.40750/36 10 14.21098/33 93 11 11.42825/36 94 14.23016/33 11.45 GHz 123 14.25 GHz 11.44900/36 12 14.25066/36 124 13 14.27141/36 11.47141/36 125 11.49216/36 14 14.29216/36 -located 126 14.31291/36 15 11.51291/36 127 11.53366/36 16 14.33366/36 128 14.35441/36 located => 4 32 11.55441/36 153 11.56574/33 129 14.37516/36 11.57516/36 37 34 154 11.58492/33 130 14.39591/36 33 155 11.59591/36 11.60410/33 11.61666/36 38 156 11.62328/33 131 14.43758/72 157 11.64246/33 132 11.65833/72 158 14.45833/72 11.65816/36 39 34 11.66164/33 159 11.68082/33 14.50 GHz 11.70 GHz 11.72748/33 50 17.30 GHz 51 11.74666/33 50 17.32748/33 11.76584/33 52 51 17.34666/33 53 11.78502/33 52 17.36584/33 11.80420/33 54 17.38502/33 53 55 11.82338/33 17.40420/33 11.84256/33 54 56 55 17.42338/33 57 11.86174/33 56 17.44256/33 11.88092/33 58 57 17.46174/33 59 11.90010/33 58 17.48092/33 11.91928/33 60 59 11.93846/33 17.50010/33 61 60 17.51928/33 11.95764/33 62 61 17.53846/33 63 11.97682/33 62 17.55764/33 11.99600/33 64 63 17.57682/33 65 12.01518/33 64 17.59600/33 12.03436/33 66 65 17.61518/33 67 12.05354/33 66 17.63436/33 12.07272/33 68 67 17.65354/33 69 12.09190/33 => 4 Gbit 68 17.67272/33 12.11108/33 70 69 71 17.69190/33 12.13026/33 70 17.71108/33 12.14944/33 72 17.73026/33 71 73 12.16862/33 72 17.74944/33 12.18780/33 74 73 75 12.20698/33 17.76862/33 74 17.78780/33 12.22616/33 76 77 17.80698/33 75 12.24534/33 76 17.82616/33 12.26452/33 78 17.84534/33 77 79 12.28370/33 78 17.86452/33 12.30288/33 80 79 81 12.32206/33 17.88370/33 80 17.90288/33 12.34124/33 82 17.92206/33 81 83 12.36042/33 82 17.94124/33 12.37960/33 84 17.96042/33 83 85 12.39878/33 84 17.97960/33 12.41796/33 86 85 87 17.99878/33 12.43714/33 Gbit/s 86 18.01796/33 12.46591/49.5 88 18.03714/33 87 89 12.47550/33 12.50 GHz 88 18.06591/49.5 18.07550/49.5 89 40 12.52141/36 12.51984/33 90 12.54216/36 45 18.10 GHz 91 12.53902/33 110 41 12.56291/36 18.11918/33 12.55820/33 92 111 18.12713/46.5 46 12.58366/36 93 12.57738/33 112 18.15754/33 94 12.59656/33 113 18.17508/36 95 12.61574/33 114 18.19590/33 12.63492/33 96 115 18.21508/33 97 12.65410/33 116 18.23426/33 12.67328/33 98 117 99 12.69246/33 18.25344/33 118 100 18.27262/33 12.71328/36 101 119 12.73082/33 18.29180/33 120 18.31098/33 12.75 GHz /s 121 Y X 18.33016/33 122 18.34934/33 18.40 GHz Y X
Antenna Diameter for HOT BIRD 2/3/4/5 Digital Reception - 2/3 FEC Reijkyavich Moscow Stockholm 80cm 70cm 50cm Alma Ata 1.2m Rome Madrid 50cm Acoras 50cm 1.2m Tel Aviv 80cm Tripoli Agadir Cairo 80cm Tenerife 1m 1m 1m Dubai 80cm Jeddha Delhi 1.2m 2m Kartjoum 2.4m 4.5m Addis Abhaba 3.4m
INCREASING SPEED ALONE IS NOT INCREASING SPEED ALONE IS NOT A REMEDY TO CONGESTION A REMEDY TO CONGESTION ■ QoS is QoS is, , firstly firstly, , predictable behaviour predictable behaviour ■ ■ Increasing bandwidth at one Increasing bandwidth at one point of point of the the ■ network moves (and (and worsen worsen) congestion ) congestion network moves elsewhere. . elsewhere ■ Let’s not create Let’s not create a a World Wide Waste from World Wide Waste from (or (or ■ on top of) a World Wide Wait World Wide Wait ! ! on top of) a ■ Flexible Flexible routing is routing is a a key key ■
INTERNET VIA SATELLITE INTERNET VIA SATELLITE (BASIC PRINCIPLE) (BASIC PRINCIPLE) High- -speed speed DIRECT DIRECT to to User(s) User(s) High INTERNET Low-speed connectivity
DVB Generic Generic Model of Model of Multimedia Multimedia DVB Delivery System Delivery System Set-Top-Box or PC Broadcast Delivery Broadcast Broadcast Interface Media Service (Satellite or Provider DVB Satellite + Cable) IP Interface(s) Interactive IP IP Interaction Network Interactive Any of: PSTN, ISDN, Service DECT, GSM,SMATV, Provider UMTS?, ATM?, Ka-SAT? “Point-Of-Presence”
Centralised Approach Centralised Approach Broadcast DVB Service Provider IP Interactive Service Content Content Provider IP Provider Provider (as Proxy) IP IP IP Content Congestion-free Content Provider Backbone Provider (if ever exists!) IP
De-Centralised Approach Centralised Approach De- DVB DVB Broadcast Broadcast Service Service Provider #2 Provider #1 Interactive Service Content Content Content Provider Provider #2.1 Provider #1.2 Provider #1.1 IP IP IP IP The Internet with IP Dynamic Shortest-Path Routing
Skyplex concept concept Skyplex On Board Processing of MPEG2/DVB Independent Uplinks DVB-S Downlink SCPC or TDMA Consumer IRDs
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