7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management NEW GENERATION OF BIOBASED & FULL Y Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 DEGRADABLE COMPOSITE FOOD PACKAGINGS Materials optimization for upscaled productive solutions J. Bossu 1 , M. Reis 2 , H. Angellier-Coussy 1 , N. Le Moigne 3 , V. Guillard 1 1 UMR IATE, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34090, France 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal 3 C2MA, IMT Mines Ales, University of Montpellier, Alès, 30319, France
THE CONTEXT • 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management New biomaterials against plastic pollution Reduce plastics consumption Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 Extend packagings lifetime Recycle plastics wastes The case of food LEGISLATION: packagings: EUROPE Directive EU 2015/720 to limit the a s consumption of lightweight plastic ’ t a h w , » y carrier bags r c r i t o FRANCE s S a l p - o i b 2016 forbidden at cashiers ! « ? n i a g a 2017 forbidden for the packing of goods & food DEVELOPMENT OF THE BIO-PLASTICS Replace plastic ECONOMY
THE CONTEXT • 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management Alternatives to fossil-based non- biodegradable plastics : PHAs ( P oly H ydroxy A lkanoate s ) PH3B Biopolyesters (Poly Hydroxy-3-Butyrate) Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 Bacterial fermentation of sugars/lipids Home-Compostable (NF EN 13432: -90%mass<3months in compost) Relative strong growth Bio- based Bio- PLA, based PHA, PE, PBS, PET , Starch PA, PTT Non Bio- Bio- degradable degradable (-90%mass<6months Conventio in industrial nal PBAT, conditions) plastics PCL PE, PP, PET ! Fossil- ? Y H W based STILL: Bio-plastics = 1% of the current volume of plastics ofgered annually
THE CONTEXT • 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management Major Bottlenecks ! ? ? Y L L A E R ? Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 The European Point of view « The added value of opportunities of bioplastics is often not valorized when the only aim is to replace fossil-based plastics » New overview : Compostable plastics ofger new opportunities such as functionalities or facilitation of wastes management 2019 UE Commission Report KEYS FOR COMPETITIVITY : Reduce Enhance Adapt to Bring new production properties circular functionaliti costs bioeconomy es
THE PROJECT • 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management Proje ct “ Investigating food packaging with no Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 environmental footprint and the ability to extend the shelf life of food products ” Consortiu Main objective: m: Develop upscaled industrial solutions to produce home-compostable, intelligent and functional food packagings from s ’ y a d o agriculture wastes. T ? s c i p o T I. Operational strategy II. Efgorts in material optimization III. Constraints on
7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 I. OPERATIONAL STRATEGY
7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 I. OPERATIONAL STRATEGY production Reduce costs
OPERATIONAL STRATEGY I. Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 Sequential Batch Reactor Acidogenic fermenter D 7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - O C - g June 2019 k 0 A 67 kg Fruit F , 3 V pulp 8,5 kg-COD 1,0 kg pulp Biomass 3,4 kg-COD Apple fruit pulp waste VFA Accumulation Reactor 1 kg Y PHA/FW = 20 PHA % = (COD 1,7 kg basis) COD
OPERATIONAL STRATEGY I. Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 Reduce Enhance production properties costs PHB 7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - June 2019 PHB V s (Poly Hydroxy Butyrate -co-Valerate) +Hydroxy Valerate Units
7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 I. production OPERATIONAL STRATEGY Reduce costs properties Enhance
7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 I. production OPERATIONAL STRATEGY Reduce costs properties Enhance
7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 I. production OPERATIONAL STRATEGY Reduce costs properties Enhance
OPERATIONAL STRATEGY I. Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 Reduce Enhance Adapt to production properties circular costs bioeconomy 7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - June 2019 4
OPERATIONAL STRATEGY I. Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 Reduce Enhance Adapt to Bring new production properties circular functionaliti costs bioeconomy es 7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - June 2019 +functionalization
7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 I. OPERATIONAL STRATEGY II . OPTIMIZATION EFFORTS IN MATERIAL
II EFFORTS IN MATERIAL OPTIMIZATION I. Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 . Quality of the co- Visco-elastic polymerization properties ? 7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - June 2019 Crystallization
II EFFORTS IN MATERIAL OPTIMIZATION I. Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 . PHBV18% IBET After Before purifjcati purifjcatio 7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - on + June 2019 n Additives
II EFFORTS IN MATERIAL OPTIMIZATION I. Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 . 140° - 150° - 150° - 2 145° - 140° - 7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - 10min 10min min 2min June 2019 3min PHBV 18% IBET + Temperatu re 135° - 3min
7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 I. II . EFFORTS IN MATERIAL OPTIMIZATION
7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 I. OPERATIONAL STRATEGY II . OPTIMIZATION EFFORTS IN MATERIAL III . CONSTRAINTS ON UPSCALING
I. II III CONSTRAINTS ON UPSCALING Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 . . Large scale production of raw components: PHA synthesis Goal: to optimize large-scale process effjciency for PHA production and recovery Feedstock: fruit industry waste Process: 3 stages Acidogeni 7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - c Productio June 2019 Selection fermentat n ion 60L-Fed 60L-UASB 100L-SBR Batch reactor Reactor
7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 I. II . III . CONSTRAINTS ON UPSCALING
I. II III CONSTRAINTS ON UPSCALING Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 . . • Constraints of mixed culture and feedstocks 7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - June 2019 • Purifjcation, the costly bottleneck r e d n U y d u t s • Pilot plant productivity
I. II III CONSTRAINTS ON UPSCALING Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 . . Upscaling of industrial forming processes Goal: to defjne technical parameters for optimized processability Material: compounded pellets Process: injection OR thermoforming Injection 7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - June 2019 Compounded pellets Thermoformin g
I. II III CONSTRAINTS ON UPSCALING Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 . . • Maximal acceptable load 7th Sustainable Solid Waste Management - June 2019 • Viscosity VS thermal degradation • Sealability r e d n U y d u t s
7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 CONCLUSION AND OVERVIEWS
7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management Thanks for Crete Island, Greece, 26–29 June 2019 your attention J. Bossu 1 , M. Reis 2 , H. Angellier-Coussy 1 , N. Le Moigne 3 , V. Guillard 1 1 UMR IATE, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34090, France 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal 3 C2MA, IMT Mines Ales, University of Montpellier, Alès, 30319, France
data • Degradability: PHBV degrades into carbon dioxide and water. 50% mass loss after 200days • Production: yield around 20% (cod base) • Crystallinity: 55% HV decrease crystallinity improve biodegradability • Visco properties: around 4% Elongation, 25MPa, PHI003 3% 30MPa • Bacterial source: It can be produced from glucose and propionate by the recombinant Escherichia coli strains (also Paracoccus denitrifjcans and Ralstonia eutropha are also capable of producing it). • Thermal degradation: PHBV has a low thermal stability and the cleavage occurs at the ester bond by β elimination reaction • Aging: evolution of properties with time
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