National Disaster Risk National Disaster Risk Management Framework Management Framework Reducing Disaster for a Safe and Happy Bhutan Reducing Disaster for a Safe and Happy Bhutan Kezang Kezang Chief Planning Officer Chief Planning Officer Ministry of Information & Communications Ministry of Information & Communications Royal Government of Bhutan Royal Government of Bhutan ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 1 1
Presentation Outline Presentation Outline • Introduction • Disaster Threats • National Authorities/Stakeholders • Strategies and Initiatives • Progress Made • Challenges [and Opportunities] • Areas of Assistance ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 2 2
Introduction Introduction China Nepal Bhutan India India Bangladesh Myanmar ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 3 3
Disaster Threats (1) Disaster Threats (1) • Disaster hazards in Bhutan include: – Landslides and (Flash) Floods – Forest Fires – Epidemic, Pests and Diseases – Earthquakes – Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) – Natural Dam Formations and Bursts – Windstorms/Snowstorms/Hail Storms/Droughts ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 4 4
Disaster Threats (2) Disaster Threats (2) • Underlying vulnerabilities include: – Unsafe construction practices – Rapid urbanization – Pressure on land and settlements – Socio-economic factors – Lack of awareness – Environmental degradation – Inadequate enforcement of by-laws – Lack of preparedness planning ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 5 5
National Authorities/Stakeholders National Authorities/Stakeholders • Nodal agency for disaster management – Ministry of Home & Cultural Affairs • Stakeholders – Other ministries and agencies – Local governments (Dzongkhags, Dungkhags, Gewogs, Thromdes) • Agency responsible for disaster communications – Ministry of Information & Communications ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 6 6
Strategies and Initiatives (1) Strategies and Initiatives (1) • Key objectives of the Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Framework are to: – Promote a DRM approach instead of an ad hoc reactive approach to dealing with disasters – Recognize the respective roles of different agencies in DRM and provide all possible support to their work within the DRM Framework – Establish linkages between DRM and other ongoing activities in different development sectors – Build DRM mechanism at National, Dzongkhag , Gewog and Thromde levels and make it sustainable – Ensure appropriate and timely welfare for isolated victims of disasters ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 7 7
Strategies and Initiatives (2) Strategies and Initiatives (2) • Scope of the DRM Framework: – Establishing the context – Risk identification – Risk analysis – Risk evaluation – Risk communication – Risk reduction (through both anticipatory and compensatory means) – Monitoring and evaluation ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 8 8
Strategies and Initiatives (3) Strategies and Initiatives (3) • Inter-related components of the DRM Framework include: – Institutional, legislative and policy frameworks – Hazard, vulnerability and risk assessments – Disaster management system – Early warning systems – Disaster preparedness plans – Mitigation and integration of disaster risk reduction on development sector – Public awareness and education – Capacity development – Communication and transportation ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 9 9
Progress Made (1) Progress Made (1) • Draft National Disaster Risk Management Framework – Outcomes of two rounds of multi- sectoral stakeholder consultations (Nov 2005, Feb 2006) • Study visit to India for dealing officials and other stakeholders (Jan 2006) • Disaster management included as a thematic area for SAARC cooperation and exchange • Indo-Bhutan Joint Group of Experts on flood management formed • Process of consultation with relevant int’l agencies (UNDP, WFP, FAO, WHO, UNICEF, etc.) initiated ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 10 10
Progress Made (2) Progress Made (2) His Majesty the King His Majesty the King The Cabinet National Disaster His Majesty’s National Committee for Preparedness and Relief Fund Disaster Management Mitigation Fund National Emergency Sectoral DLG, MoHCA Operations Centre Working Groups Dzongkhags Armed Forces T h r o m d e s Dungkhags Gewogs ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 11 11
Challenges [and Opportunities] Challenges [and Opportunities] • Challenges – Lack of resources – Limited technical capacity – Competing development priorities – Multi-sectoral coordination • Opportunities – Plethora of existing initiatives – Sound civil administration system – Interdependent and cohesive social system ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 12 12
Areas of Assistance Areas of Assistance • Development of a coherent end-to-end Early Warning System (EWS) • Establishment of the National Emergency Operations Center (NEOC) • Design and implementation of a disaster communications network including developing protocols for emergency communications • Strengthening of the disaster risk management and response capability • Mobilization of Emergency Fund for Major Disasters • Mobilization of the Disaster Mitigation, Prevention and Preparedness Budget ITU/ESCAP Disaster ITU/ESCAP Disaster Communications Workshop, Communications Workshop, 12 - - 15 December 2006, 15 December 2006, Courtesy: Disaster Management 12 Courtesy: Disaster Management Bangkok Bangkok Division, DoLG- Division, DoLG -MoHCA, Thimphu MoHCA, Thimphu 13 13
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