Metallurgical and Materials Engineering of COPPE/UFRJ: from 1967 to Biomaterials Gloria de Almeida Soares ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’
Metallurgical and Materials Department Academic Staff: 31 Technical & Administration Staff: 27 • Teaching (undergraduate and graduate levels) • M.Sc. and Ph.D. Projects • Cooperative Research and Exchange • Technological Projects, Evaluations and Consulting Services 2001-2003: ≈ US$ 4 million ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’
Research Facilities ≈ 2,500 m 2 ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’
ACADEMIC RESULTS Undergraduate: more than 600 (Metal. & Materials) Graduates degrees more than 600 (up to dec. 2003) PERIOD M.Sc. Ph.D. TOTAL 1967-1997 363 52 415 1998-2000 79 30 109 2001-2003 73 40 113 TOTAL 515 122 637 ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’
Research Groups: • Mineral Processing and Extractive metallurgy • Thermomechanical processing and microstructural eng. • Physical metallurgy and mechanical properties • Welding and non-destructive testing • Corrosion • Surfaces and thin films • Advanced ceramics • Biomaterials ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’
BIOMATERIALS: Start : 1995 Academic results : 24 M.Sc and 6 D.Sc. Research Themes: • Materials for bone-substitution: Development of porous and granular hydroxyapatite -based materials. Hydroxyapatite- based composites. • Materials for implants: surface treatments on titanium and titanium alloys. Bioactive coatings. • Correlation between properties and microstructure on dental ceramics. • Corrosion of metallic alloys. • Polymer and Composites for Restorative Function. • Failure analysis on dental restoration ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’
Materials for bone-substitution: Calcium Phosphate (CaP) Materials � characterization of commercial CaP granules � multiphase, micro or � Bone graft macroporous granules or tablets � Scaffold for cell � hydroxyapatite-collagen therapy composites � Carriers for drug � Zn-containing hydroxyapatite delivery ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’
1. Commercial granules ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Conz, M.B., 2003 Nanotecnologia’
2. CaP porous tablets 24 20 wt.% naphthalene 40 wt.% naphthalene 22 (m easured by im age analysis) P ORE DIST RIBUTION (%) 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 100-200 200-300 30 0-400 >400 <100 RANGE OF PORE SIZE ( µ m) SEM ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Oliveira, J.F., 2003 Nanotecnologia’
3. HA-collagen composites 7000 L 002 = 17 nm 6000 L 300 = 7 nm 5000 Intensity (cps) 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 Sena, L.A., 2004 2 θ ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’
4. Zn-apatites calcinated at 1150 ° C Hap Hap calc. ZnTCP ZnHap 5% calc. ZnHap 10% calc. Znhap 20% ZnHap 20% calc. 631 Znhap 10% 961 600 571 1089 631 1045 600 571 961 1089 923 631 Znhap 5% 1045 942 553 573 601 963 1020 1088 945 920 1029 1045 597 Hap 555 977 965 1065 1122 1029 1009 20 30 40 50 1200 1000 800 600 2 θ -1 ) número de onda (cm 5%Zn - calc 40 Zn -ZnHap5c. Tris Zn -ZnHap5c. Hepes 30 -5 [Zn] x 10 20 10 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Dias ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Costa, A.M., 2004 Nanotecnologia’
5. Cell culture on HA/ α -TCP tablets SAMPLE COMPOSITION CD b 59.8 HA – 40.2 α -TCP E b 95.4 HA – 4.6 α -TCP 320 b CD b 280 E b -2 ) 240 Cellular density (cells mm 200 160 120 80 40 0 ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e 4D 7D 14D 1D 2D 4h Nanotecnologia’ Time in culture (days)
Materials for implants: Titanium and Ti-alloys BONE FORMATION Depends on: Topography Surface Energy Surface Composition ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Jones, J., 2001 Nanotecnologia’
1. Surface Treatment on cp Titanium Ti-control Ti-etched CALCIUM CONTENT INTO SBF (mg/L) 100 Ti-etched + oxide 1 90 Ti-etched + oxide 2 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 2 7 SOAKING TIME (days) Ti INTENSITY Ti-acid Ti-acid + oxide1 Ti-acid + oxide2 -538 -537 -536 -535 -534 -533 -532 -531 -530 -529 -528 -527 -526 ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Vanzillotta, P.S., 2003 BINDING ENERGY (eV) Nanotecnologia’
2.Anodic oxidation with H 3 PO 4 50V 100V 150V 200V ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Santos Jr., E., 2004 Nanotecnologia’
BSE image c.p.Ti HA-coated Ti 3. Ti Implants coated 90 with HA by % CONTACT BONE-IMPLANT 80 Electrophoresis 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e ALL THREADS Costa, C.A., 2002 3 BEST THREADS Nanotecnologia’
Collaboration Support ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’
The future for biomaterials lies not in individual product areas, but in creating a marriage between materials science and biotechnology. http://www.ecf.utoronto.ca/~bonehead/ Thank you! ‘Mecânica, Materiais Avançados e Nanotecnologia’
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