Massively Scalable Indoor Positioning: The Skyhook Solution Christopher Steger
Skyhook Positioning Overview ● WiFi-Based Positioning ● Metro-Scale ● Worldwide Coverage
Skyhook Positioning Overview ● “Beacons of Opportunity” ● WiFi-Based ● No ownership or Positioning control ● Asynchronous ● Metro-Scale downlink signals ● Support any WiFi- ● Worldwide enabled devices Coverage
Skyhook Positioning Overview ● Data Gathering ● WiFi-Based ● Driving surveys Positioning ● User feedback ● Example Use Cases ● Metro-Scale ● Smartphone apps ● Sony PS Vita games ● MapQuest turn-by- ● Worldwide turn navigation Coverage
Skyhook Positioning Overview ● Tens of countries ● WiFi-Based ● Hundreds of cities Positioning ● Thousands of drivers ● Millions of kilometers ● Metro-Scale driven ● Tens of millions of users ● Worldwide ● Hundreds of millions Coverage of access points
Metro-Area vs. Indoor
Metro-Area vs. Indoor ● Driveability ● Surveying ● GPS/INS equipment ● Operator skill level ● Maps/Floorplans ● Owner interest ● Cooperation ● Single-ownership ● Deterministic dynamics
Metro-Area vs. Indoor ● Driveability ● Surveying ● GPS/INS equipment ● Operator skill level ● Maps/Floorplans ● Owner interest ● Cooperation ● Single-ownership ● Deterministic dynamics
Standardization ● Allow venue owners to improve coverage ● Provide support for different systems ● Control ownership and accessibility ● Remove barriers to entry for venue owners
Standardization ● Allow venue owners to improve coverage ● Provide support for different systems ● Control ownership and accessibility ● Remove barriers to entry for venue owners
Standardization ● Allow venue owners to improve coverage ● Provide support for different systems ● Control ownership and accessibility ● Remove barriers to entry for venue owners
Standardization ● Allow venue owners to improve coverage ● Provide support for different systems ● Control ownership and accessibility ● Remove barriers to entry for venue owners
Indoor Positioning Requirements ● Accuracy ● Scalability ● Compatibility ● Ownership
Indoor Positioning Requirements ● Venue detection ● Accuracy ● Aisle/section level ● Minimize surveying ● Scalability ● Minimize installation ● Downlink signals ● Compatibility ● Active scanning ● No venue crossover ● Ownership ● Limited feedback
Indoor Positioning Requirements ● Venue detection ● Accuracy ● Aisle/section level ● Minimize surveying ● Scalability ● Minimize installation ● Downlink signals ● Compatibility ● Active scanning ● No venue crossover ● Ownership ● Limited feedback
Indoor Positioning Requirements ● Venue detection ● Accuracy ● Aisle/section level ● No surveying ● Ultra-Scalability ● No installation ● Downlink signals ● Compatibility ● Active scanning ● No venue crossover ● Ownership ● Limited feedback
Indoor Positioning Requirements ● Venue detection ● Accuracy ● Aisle/section level ● Minimize surveying ● Scalability ● Minimize installation ● Downlink signals ● Compatibility ● Active scanning ● No venue crossover ● Ownership ● Limited feedback
Indoor Positioning Requirements ● Venue detection ● Accuracy ● Aisle/section level ● Minimize surveying ● Scalability ● Minimize installation ● Downlink signals ● Compatibility ● Active scanning ● No venue crossover ● Ownership ● Limited feedback
Indoor Positioning Solution ● No surveying ● Submit AP locations ● No installation ● Owner guidelines ● No characterization ● Adaptive algorithms ● Minimum overhead ● Maximum scalability
Indoor Positioning Solution ● No surveying ● Submit AP locations ● No installation ● Owner guidelines ● No characterization ● Adaptive algorithms ● Minimum overhead ● Maximum scalability
Indoor Positioning Solution ● No surveying ● Submit AP locations ● No installation ● Owner guidelines ● No characterization ● Adaptive algorithms ● Minimum overhead ● Maximum scalability
Indoor Positioning Solution ● No surveying ● Submit AP locations ● No installation ● Owner guidelines ● No characterization ● Adaptive algorithms ● Minimum overhead ● Maximum scalability
Case Studies Skyhook Offjce Home Depot ● Open plan ● Warehouse ● Drywall partitions ● Metal shelving ● 10 access points ● 19 access points ● 480 square meters ● 9625 square meters
Home Depot Results 55 meters 1 7 5 m e t e r s Median Error = 6.7 m
Skyhook Offjce Results 16 meters 30 meters Median Error = 3.5 m
Insights and Outlook ● AP Placement ● AP Density ● Performance
Insights and Outlook ● Footprint coverage ● AP Placement ● Perimeter placement ● 2-4x data needs ● AP Density ● ~3x median error ● 3-10 meters error ● Performance ● Minimal overhead ● Extensible with any available scans
Insights and Outlook ● Footprint coverage ● AP Placement ● Perimeter placement ● 2-4x data needs ● AP Density ● ~3x median error ● 3-10 meters error ● Performance ● Minimal overhead ● Extensible with any available scans
Insights and Outlook ● Footprint coverage ● AP Placement ● Perimeter placement ● 2-4x data needs ● AP Density ● ~3x median error ● 3-10 meters error ● Performance ● Minimal overhead ● Extensible with any available scans
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