Mapping the Global Virome Making the “Unknown Known”…. And the World Safe From a Future of Viral Threats
If you know your enemies and know yourself, you will not be imperiled in a hundred battles; …..if you do not know your enemies nor yourself, you will be imperiled in every single battle. Sun Tzu
The Problem
We e ar are e not t prep epared! ared! The threat from “novel” viruses is increasing Each year, approx. 3 new Viral Diseases emerge Number of EVD Events 300 Driven by Actual 250 • Ebola Population expansion (1.6 billion Projected MERS in 1900 to 11.5 billion people in 200 Avian Influenza Zika SARS H1N1 2100) Nipah 150 • HIV Increased encroachment into 100 wildlife habitat accelerates the 50 spillover of “unknown” viruses from wildlife to humans 0 1945 1955 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 2045 2055 Increasing risk from accidental and/or intentional release of “laboratory Decades enhanced” viruses Source: Jones et al . (2008) Nature
The Need
To Move From “Reactive to Proactive” We need to reimagine HOW we understand and prepare for future threats To regard old problems from a new angle requires creative imagination. Albert Einstein
The Opportunity
We Know • There are approximately 1.5 million viruses circulating in wildlife that are “unknown” – a finite universe • We can capture and characterize the vast majority of these viruses - turning the “unknown” into the “known” • We have the ability to use this “knowledge” convert the sciences of viral diseases into a big data science – being transformative and disruptive • We can use this “information” to convert our response to viral threats from reactive to proactive – protecting the world from future viral diseases
The Solution
The e Gl Global obal Virome ome Project oject The Global Virome Project (GVP) is a global partnership to transform the sciences of emerging viral diseases by: • Developing a global database of virtually all of the planet’s naturally - occurring viral threats • Making the world of emerging diseases a data-rich field – driving the advanced development of countermeasures, against all future threats
GVP VP Bu Builds lds a Com ompre prehensiv hensive e Vi Viral al Da Database tabase GVP viral surveillance and collection Metadata on “viral Genomic sequence ecology” – host generation range, geographic distribution, epidemiology Sequence database Viral Atlas Database A comprehensive ecologic and genetic database on all naturally- occurring viruses Enabling A “ Transformative and Disruptive ” Public Health Tool Box
Being Transformative and Disruptive Turning the Sciences of Emerging Viral Disease into “Big Data” sciences
The Approach
GVP VP: : Getting Getting to th o the So e Sour urce ce Mammals and water fowl are viral reservoirs Waterfowl breeding hotspots Mammalian Habitat ranges
GVP VP: : Mammalian mmalian Vi Virome ome Over 10 years, will target: 68.5% of global mammalian viruses, by sampling 63.5% of global mammalian diversity, to find 71% of mammalian virome 108 Global Sampling Sites Phase 1: 10 countries, 1,562 mammals, $366.4 M Phase 2: 16 countries, 970 mammals, $258 M Phase 3 23 countries, 447 mammals, $132.9 M
GVP VP: : Making aking th the Un e Unkn known wn Known wn GVP Phase 1: 85% of 41% Global Virome Water fowl: 14% Phase 2: 21% Phase 3: 9%
The Impact
Impac act t 1: Developme elopment nt of Br Broad ad Count ountermeasures ermeasures Converting Virology into a data-rich field GVP Universal Corona Virus will enable the comparative analysis of thousands of Vaccine members of each viral family and the advanced development of next MERS generation countermeasures SARS that are broadly effective – rather than against individual Thousands of other Corona Viruses viruses ( e.g. MERS, SARS)
Impac act t 2: Pan Pande demic/E mic/Epidemic pidemic Prevention ention Drive Targeted, High-Impact Risk Mitigation GVP will enable through detailed characterization of every virus's ecologic profile – spanning host range, geographic distribution, and epidemiology – the identification of viruses that pose the greatest potential threat and the targeting of Minimizing the Risk of Spillover measures to prevent spillover
Par Paral allel lels s to th the e Huma man n Gen enome ome Pr Projec ject • An audacious but doable visionary project • Clear metrics and goals • Disruptive and transformative • Can be done in phases where each phase itself generates useful information • The potential to change the way we do science and engage global health
GVP VP Or Organ ganizational izational Par Partner tners s incl clude: ude:
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