Liberation of Concentration Camps L ocation: Oswiecim, Poland E - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Liberation of Concentration Camps

• L ocation: Oswiecim, Poland • E stablished: May 26th1940 • L iberation: January 27th, 1945, by the Soviet Army. • E stimated number of victims: 2,1 to 2,5 million (This estimated number of death is considered by historians as a strict minimum. The real number of death is unknown but probably much higher, maybe 4 millions)

C helmno was established December 1941. The first commandant was Herbert Lange. The camp consisted of two parts: administration section, barracks and storage for plundered goods; burial and cremation site. It operated three gas vans using carbon monoxide. The camp began operations on December 7th, 1941 and ended operations on March 1943. It resumed operations June 23, 1944 and finally ceased operations January 17, 1945. The estimated number of deaths is 150-300,000, mainly Jews E stablished November 1st, 1941, Belzec extermination center consisted of two camps divided into three parts: administration section, barracks and storage for plundered goods, and extermination section. Initially, there were three gas chambers using carbon monoxide housed in a wooden building. They were later replaced by six gas chambers in a brick and concrete building. Belzec extermination center began operations March 17th, 1942 and ended operations December 1942. The estimated number of deaths is 500-600,000, mainly Jews.

M ajdanek was established October 1941 as SS-run POW Camp and as concentration camp February 16, 1943. The first commandant was Karl Koch. Maximum number of inmates : 25,000. Majdanek consisted of POW camp; extermination camp ; children camp. Initially there were two gas chambers using Zyklon-B poison gas housed in a wooden building; later there were replaced by gas chambers in a brick building. The killing operations began in April 1942 and ended in July 1944. Majdanek provided slave labor for munitions works and Steyr-Daimler- Puch weapons factory (see The List of the Camps ). The estimated number of deaths is 360,000, including Jews, Soviet POWs and Poles.

S obibor was established March 1942. First commandant: Franz Stangl. About 700 Jewish workers engaged temporarily to service the camp. Actually consisted of two camps divided into three parts: administration section, barracks and storage for plundered goods, extermination, burial and cremation section. Initially, three gas chambers housed in a brick building using carbon monoxide, three gas chambers added later. Operations Began April 1942. Operations ended following inmate revolt October 14, 1943. Estimated number of deaths, 250,000, the majority being Jews.

O pening for "business" on July 23, 1942, with the beginning of the evacuation of the Warsaw ghetto, some 245,000 Warsaw Jews and 112,000 Jews from other places in the Warsaw district were murdered in Treblinka by September 21. 337,000 Jews from the Radom district, 35,000 from the Lublin district and 107,000 from the Bialystok district also met their death in Treblinka with 738,000 Jews who had been residents of the General Gouvernement. From outside Poland many thousands of Jews were transported to and killed in Treblinka: 7.000 from Slovakia, 8,000 from Theresienstadt concentration camp, 4,000 Jews from Greece, and 7,000 Jews from the Macedonia portion of Bulgaria. In addition to the Jews, some 2,000 gypsies were killed in Treblinka.

• L ocation: Weimar • E stablished: 1937 • L iberation: April 11, 1945, by the US Army (cf. Liberator section ) • E stimated number of victims: more than 56.000. This estimate does not include 13000 inmates transferred to Auschwitz or other extermination camps.

• L ocation: Germany, near Bayreuth • E stablished on: 1938 • L iberation: April 23th, 1945, by the 2nd U.S. Cavalry. • E stimated number of victims: 73,000

• L ocation: 20 km from the city of Linz, Austria. • E stablished: August 8 1938. • L iberated: May 5 1945 by the US 11th. armour division. • E stimated number of victims: aproximately 150.000.

• L ocation: On the Elbe river, near Hamburg • E stablished: December1938 • L iberation: May 1945, by the British Army • E stimated number of victims: 56.000.

• L ocation: North of Germany, near Furstenberg • E stablished on: Autumn 1938 • L iberation: April 30th, 1945, by the Russian Army. • E stimated number of victims: 92,000

• L ocation: Germany, 35 km from Berlin • E stablished on: 1938 • L iberation: April 22th, 1945, by a unit of the 47th Soviet Army. • E stimated number of victims: 30 - 35,000

Holocaust Aftermath