LATVIA IA POLAND D UK UK [ [3 jd jds] ] SPAIN IN FRANCE - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

EU STATES INVOLVED LATVIA IA POLAND D UK UK [ [3 jd jds] ] SPAIN IN FRANCE ITALY PORTUGAL GREECE

PROJECT AIMS • Assess c current nt p practices a and nd r recent nt develo lopme ment nts a across a all A ll A2C: p : pre-t -trial, a l, as sanc nctions ns/me measures, a , and nd p post-r -rele lease. . • Build ld a a c comparative p picture, t , to i ident ntify y strategies t to end nd t the he o over-u -use o of p prison. n.

OUTPUTS – 1. NATIONAL REPORTS 8 na nationa nal r l reports w with u h up t to 1 15 y years o of q quant ntitative d data o on: n: prisone ner nu numb mbers • use o of a alt lterna natives, a , at a all t ll thr hree s stages • Reports a als lso c cont ntain: n: overview o of na nationa nal p l poli litical c l cli lima mate r re p prisone ner nu numb mbers a and nd • key le y legal a l and nd p poli licy d y develo lopme ment nts i in A n A2C i in a n all 8 ll 8 s states detaile led d descriptions ns o of ho how A A2Cs a and nd p probation s n sys ystems ms w work i k in n • practice, t , the heir a aims ms, i , impacts ( (+/-) -), r , reha habili litation v n valu lue, e , effect o on n eg eg w wome men, no n, non-na n-nationa nals ls, f , fami mili lies, v , victims ms. .

OUTPUTS - 2. NATIONAL WORKSHOPS Each p h partne ner he held ld t two w works ksho hops w with e h experts o on c n crimi mina nal ju l justice • int ntervent ntions ns Focus w was i int ntervent ntions ns i in A n A2C t tha hat w were mo most li likely t ly to r reduce • prisone ner nu numb mbers a and nd r recourse t to p prison. n. Led t to w wide r rang nge o of p practical e l example les a and nd r recomme mmend ndations ns. . • Als lso he help lped e eli licit s set o of p princ nciple les f for b better u use o of A A2C. . •

OUTPUTS - 3. HANDBOOK Europea ean h handbook o on Al Alter ernatives es t to C Custody Sets o out e effective p practices a and nd p proposals ls f for r reform. m. Cont ntains ns • the he r recomme mmend ndations ns o of na nationa nal e l experts a and nd t the heir example les o of g good p practice • the he A ACE p partne ners’ a ’ agreed p poli licy a y and nd r reform m recomme mmend ndations ns o on e n effective u use o of A A2C t to r reduce t the he use o of p prison a n and nd i improve o outcome mes f for t tho hose i in C n CJS. .

PROJECT’S KEY FINDINGS • Wide v varianc nce a amo mong ng t the he 8 8 s states i in t n the he nu numb mbers s subje ject t to c commu mmuni nity y based s sanc nctions ns a and nd c cont ntrols ls, w , whi hich a h are q quite ne new i in s n some me c count ntries, , but w well-e ll-establi lishe hed i in o n othe hers • Substant ntial g l growth i h in t n the he u use o of c commu mmuni nity s y sanc nctions ns s sinc nce 2 2000 alo long ngside hi high – h – a and nd, i , in mo n most c cases, g , growing ng – – p prisone ner nu numb mbers • Move a away f y from r m reha habili litative, s , supportive, i , ind ndividuali lised i int ntervent ntion n programme mmes, t , towards g greater c cont ntrol a l and nd p puni nishme hment nt • Poli licy e y empha hasis i inc ncreasing ngly o ly on r n risk-ma -mana nageme ment nt, w , with p h prison o n often t n the he automa matic s sanc nction i n if a a r requireme ment nt o or c cond ndition i n is b breache hed • A f few e exceptions ns, b , but ma mainly i nly in t n the he f form o m of s sma mall s ll scale le p pilo lots. .

DATASETS: PRE-TRIAL

SANCTIONS: IMPACT OF CSM ON PRISONER NUMBERS • Very li y little le i impact – – nu numb mbers mo move i ind ndepend ndent ntly o ly of e each o h othe her i in mo n most states. . P Pola land nd

Franc nce

A la larger E European s n study r y recent ntly c ly conc nclu luded: : In Instea ead o of b bei eing a alter ernatives es t to i imprisonmen ent, c , community sanctions a and m mea easures es h have c e contributed ed t to w widen ening t the n e net o of the E e Europea ean c criminal ju justice s e system ems. T . The s e situation i in E Europe i e is thus s similar t to t the o e one d e des escribed ed 2 20 y yea ears a ago i in t the U e United ed States es a and C Canada… [ [Thes ese m e mea easures es] h have b e bec ecome o e one o e of t the e instrumen ents o of a an i increa easingly p punitive a e approach t to c crime c e control [Ae Aebi M MF, , De Delg lgrand nde N N, , Mar Margu guet Y Y, ‘H , ‘Have c commu mmuni nity s y sanc nctions ns a and nd me measures w widene ned t the he ne net o of t the he E European c n crimi mina nal ju l justice sys ystems ms?’, P ’, Puni nishme hment nt & & S Society 2 y 2015, V , Vol 1 l 17(5) 5 575-5 -597. ] . ]

POST-RELEASE MEASURES • Us Use o of p probation a n and nd o othe her c cont ntrols ls a after r rele lease ha has e expand nded, , often o n out o of s sync ync w with r h resources t to p provide r real p l practical s l support. . • EM u use ha has e expand nded i in mo n most s states. . • Parole le: g : great v varianc nce i in e n eli ligibili lity a y and nd a access a across 8 8 s states • Home me d detent ntion: g n: gene nerally o lly only a nly availa lable le f for le less s serious offenc nces. . • Ge Gene neral w l weakne kness o of d data me means ns ha hard t to s see i impact o on o n overall ll prisone ner nu numb mbers. B . Better d data a and nd mo moni nitoring ng ne needed. .

POLITICAL CLIMATE AND POLICY SINCE 2000 Radical r l reforms ms r rare ( (but, L , Latvia a and nd P Portugal s l saw s some me – – • discussed la later) State r respons nses t to o overcrowded p prisons ns a and nd hi high r h reconviction n • rates, w , were b based o on e n expedienc ncy no y not d deeper, e , evidenc nce-b -based r re- evalu luation o n of p pena nal p l poli licy y Mixed me messages a around nd C CSM t the he no norm ( m (E&W a a c case i in p n point nt) •

GOOD PRACTICE EXAMPLES Nationa nal w l works ksho hops p produced e example les o of f five t typ ypes. . (1) R Reconf nfiguration o n of p poli licy a y and nd p practice • Di Diversion f n from p m prosecution a n and nd C CJS f for t tho hose c cha harged w with d h drug possession, t n, to a allo llow v volu lunt ntary p y participation i n in t n the herapeutic t treatme ment nt a and nd othe her s support ( (Portugal) l) (2) S Sent ntenc ncing ng r reforms ms • Reforms ms t to s sent ntenc ncing ng a and nd c crimi mina nal la l law t to r reduce p prisone ner nu numb mbers (Latv Latvia) a) • A s statutory p y presumption a n agains nst s sho hort-t -term i m imprisonme nment nt ( (Scotla land nd)

GOOD PRACTICE EXAMPLES (3) Di Diversion f n from c m crimi mina nal ju l justice a at t the he p pre-t -trial s l stage ( Early d ly diversion f n from p m prosecution f n for y young ng d drug o offend nders ( (Gr Greece: : • OKANA p pilo lot s sche heme me) Pre-t -trial p l probation, c n, capable le o of e exting nguishi hing ng o offenc nce ( (It Italy: ‘ ly: ‘Me Messa ssa • alla lla pr prova’) ’) Diversion f Di n from c m crimi mina nal ju l justice f for t tho hose i in ne n need o of me ment ntal he l healt lth h • care, ha , having ng le learni ning ng d disabili lity o y or d difficult lty, o , or c commu mmuni nication n difficult lty ( y (‘L ‘Liaison a n and nd Di Diversion’: E n’: Eng ngla land nd a and nd W Wale les) Deferred s De sent ntenc ncing ng, w , with o h or w witho hout p probation, a n, as a a me metho hod o of • diverting ng f from c m custody t y tho hose w with s h substanc nce d depend ndenc ncy ( y (Franc nce)

GOOD PRACTICE EXAMPLES (4 ) Di Diversion/ n/support p post-c -conviction n ( Non-c n-custodial p l pena nalt lty r y repla lacing ng s sho hort-t -term c m custody w y whe hen s n suspend nded • sent ntenc nce b breache hed ( (Pola land nd) Di Diverting ng w wome men f n from p m prison a n and nd s supporting ng t the hem i m in t n the he c commu mmuni nity y • (‘W ‘Wome men’s n’s c cent ntres’: UK ’: UK) Suspend nded s sent ntenc nce w with i h ind ndividuali lised p probation s n support ( (Franc nce: : • ‘Cont ntraint nte péna nale le’) ’) Commu mmuni nity-b -based t the herapeutic s sche heme me f for c certain d n dome mestic v viole lenc nce • offenc nces ( (Portugal: ‘ l: ‘Cont ntigo’ p ’ programme mme) Traini ning ng a and nd r reha habili litation p n programme mmes t to r repla lace le leng ngthy p y periods o of • commu mmuni nity s y service ( (Spain) n)