Kaedah TRIZ TRIZ ke Arah Penyelesaian Masalah Secara Efektif dalam Konteks Pengurusan & Pentadbiran Organisasi 16 th August 2019 Hotel Seri Simanggang, Sri Aman Speaker Assoc. Prof Dr Rohaya Mohd Nor Faculty of Economics and Business
Rohaya is an associate professor at the Faculty of Economics and Business, UNIMAS. She obtained her BSc Degree in Management with MIS, from Purdue University, US. She holds a Master of Information System from Melbourne University, Australia and a PhD degree, specializing in MIS, from Imperial College London, UK. Rohaya has served UNIMAS for more than 20 years, and has assumed several key roles at the university including: Dean of Faculty of Economics and Business (2016-2017); UNIMAS Senate Member (2016-2017); Member of University Executive Committee UNIMAS (2015, 2017); Director of Strategic Planning & Quality Management Centre (2015); Head of Department of Business Management (2010 - 2013); Managing Journal Editor for IJBS (2004- 2005). Rohaya has been involved in several research projects, including three international research projects funded by the European Commission. I construct a life for me through my passion and love working with others, to help others to reach their potentials and being empowered to have meaningful purposes, and then they will be able to reach out to those in need also.
OUTLINES “The Right Mindset” “The Big Picture” 1 2 “Management Challenges in “TRIZ as A Lean Thinking Topic 2 the 21 st Century” Tool for Managers” 3 4
“The Big Picture” Why? 1 Important to have more Strategic Leaders • Leaders who use different styles of management, develop a vision for their organization that enables it to adapt to or remain competitive in a changing economic and technological climate. • Leaders who are able to use this vision to motivate employees and departments, fostering among them a sense of unity and direction in order to implement change within their organization. Strategic Thinking • Strategic leadership contexts: streamline processes, boost strategic productivity, is the ability to develop a broad, promote innovation and cultivate an environment that encourages employees to big-picture view of the be productive, independent and to push forward their own ideas. organisation and its mission. • Strategic leaders sometimes make use of reward or incentive programs to encourage employees and help them reach their goals. Strategic Thinking keeps individuals and groups focused Managers’ World Views – Master “the 4 knows” and helps decide where to invest v Knowing your environment; critical resources. It includes the v Knowing your university; ability to link long-range visions v Knowing your department and; and concepts to daily work. v Knowing yourself. (OECD, 2014)
Examples of Competency - OECD
Examples
UNIMAS STRATEGIC PLANNING To become an exemplary university of To generate, disseminate and MISSION VISION internationally acknowledged stature and a apply knowledge strategically scholarly institution of choice for both and innovatively to enhance the students and academics through the pursuit quality of the nation's culture Choice of of excellence in teaching, research and and prosperity of its people. provider scholarship. A Five-year plan for Malaysia Higher Education Blueprint Choice of employer Bottom Line A Five-year plan to achieve Phase 2 PSPTN Choice for funders
MISSION VISION Bottom Line Choice of provider TRANSFORMATION JOURNEY SF4 SF1 SF2 SF3 EXCELLENCE IN Choice of employer EDUCATION & SUSTAINABLE FINANCIAL GLOBAL VISIBILITY & EXCELLENCE IN PORTFOLIO TRAINING PROMINENCE INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM JAWATANKUASA Choice for funders Being a Strategic Leader Is About Asking the Right Questions MANAGEMENT (Lai, 2017) FUNCTIONS 1. What are we doing today? PLANNING 2. Why are you doing the work you’re doing? Why now? ORGANIZING 3. How does what we’re doing today align with the bigger picture? LEADING 4. What does success look like for our team? CONTROLLING 5. What else could we do to achieve more, better, faster?
Strategic Leadership – Middle Managers
Why TRIZ is powerful? MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS PLANNING ORGANIZING Based on 50 LEADING years of studies Uses analytical Helps to fight that discovered CONTROLLING logic to patterns of psychological understand roots strong solutions inertia of problems and trends of system evolution Introduces Offers tools Facilitates TRIZ logic demands that we knowledge- and processes collaborative based have a clear idea of where we to deal with intelligence approach to problems and when working are going, and how to get there. generate challenges in a with problems Innovative TRIZ helps us keep detail in its systematic way and challenges ideas place, to see the big picture and avoid getting tripped up with irrelevance, waylaid by trivial issues or seduced by premature solutions. (Oxford Creativity, Oxford TRIZ) V. Souchkov, 2009
What TRIZ Offers – Recognize different Types of Resources Substances Energy Time All kinds of energies All kinds of time All substances in the Prioritizing and fields such as before, during and system or in the electrical, after running of the external resources electromagnetic, system environment thermal fields, etc in available the system or in the external environment within a Functional Information Combined system All kinds of data on A combination of prime All possible functions parameters of resources – a new of substance, fields, substance, fields, resource could emerge properties or object change of properties through specific – can work as great or of object – resource combination resources typically used for measuring, detection and separation
2 “The Right Mindset” I have an IMMIGRANT Strategic Leaders have strategic decision making MENTALITY, which is mindset that the job can be • Leaders who use different styles of management, develop a vision for their organization that enables it to adapt to or remain competitive in a taken away at any changing economic and technological climate. time, so make sure • Leaders who are able to use this vision to motivate employees and departments, fostering among them a sense of unity and direction in you earn it every day order to implement change within their organization. • Strategic leadership contexts: streamline processes, boost strategic … productivity, promote innovation and cultivate an environment that encourages employees to be productive, independent and to push ~Indra Nooyi~ forward their own ideas. CEO of PepsiCo for 12 • Strategic leaders sometimes make use of reward or incentive programs to encourage employees and help them reach their goals . years
What is Psychological Inertia? • The psychological meaning of the word “inertia” implies an indisposition to change – a certain “stuckness” due to human programming. It represents the inevitability of behaving in a certain way – the way that has been indelibly inscribed somewhere in the brain. • It also represents the impossibility – as long as a person is guided by his habits – of ever behaving in a better way. Source: Kowalick (1998) – https://triz-journal.com/psychological-inertia/
Different Forms of Psychological Inertia 1. The Retarding Power (or Inertia) of a Word 2. A Partial Restriction Becomes a Blanket Restriction 3. Tradition Cannot be Broken 4. Words and Their Assumed Properties or Characteristics 5. Inadmissible Range of Data 6. Association of Objects with Senses 7. All Information Given is Valid Source: Kowalick (1998) – https://triz-journal.com/psychological-inertia/
Causes of Psychological Inertia 1. Having a fixed vision (model) of the solution or the root cause. 2. False assumptions (trusting the data). 3. Specific terminology in a language that is a strong carrier of psychological inertia. 4. Experience, expertise, and reliance upon previous results. 5. Limited knowledge, hidden resources, or mechanisms. 6. Inflexibility (model worship), trying to prove a specific theory, stubbornness. 7. Reusing the same strategy. 8. Rushing to a solution, incomplete thinking.
TRIZ Technique – Nine Windows Explore the problem at each of the three levels : • Super-system (or Macro system): External environment and components that the problem or system interacts or may interact with • System: The problem or system that was created • Subsystem (or Micro system): A component or parts of the problem or system https://asq.org/quality-resources/nine-windows
TRIZ Technique – Nine Windows Example 1 :
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