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Introduction to UML A Practical Approach to Product Development Description This seminar is designed to help you get started using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) as a visual design tool using a development process. A simple case

  1. Introduction to UML A Practical Approach to Product Development Description � This seminar is designed to help you get started using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) as a visual design tool using a development process. � A simple case study is presented to demonstrate domain modeling and design techniques as an integrated method. � Familiarity with object technology will enhance the attendee’s understanding of the models, but is not required. July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 2 July 1998 Rev 1.0 Introduction to UML 1

  2. Speakers � Jim Stafford � Michele Moore ­ DoD Contracting ­ DoD Contracting ! OO Mentoring ! OO Mentoring ! UCA Framework System ! Software Development Engineering ­ RABA Technologies, Inc ! Distributed Computing ­ JHU/SCS OOP, C++, Java Infrastructure instructor ­ RABA Technologies, Inc ­ michele.moore@raba.com ­ http://www.raba.com/~jcstaff ­ JHU/APL OOP/C++ Instructor ­ jcstaff@raba.com July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 3 Objectives � Introduce UML in the context of a practical object-oriented work process � Introduce a proven object-oriented process � Understand how UML models fit into the process � Discover how to create UML models July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 4 July 1998 Rev 1.0 Introduction to UML 2

  3. Agenda � (Day 1) Process and UML: Introduction ­ UML Background ­ Getting Started with Object Modeling ­ Modeling At A Glance with UML ­ Process Overview � (Day 2) Process and UML: Insertion ­ Process and UML Applied ­ Case Study: Answering Machine ­ Other Resources July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 5 UML Background � History of UML � The “Methodology Wars” � What UML is � What UML is not July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 6 July 1998 Rev 1.0 Introduction to UML 3

  4. History of UML � Design methods popularized in 70’s & 80’s � Technical community inundated with models, methodologies, notations by early 90’s � Standardization was needed, but no one was willing to champion the cause and make it successful; many were opposed to the idea � OOPSLA ‘94 Grady Booch and James Rumbaugh announced the merging of their methods � OOPSLA ‘95 revealed the first public description of the Unified Method , with Ivar Jacobson joining the duo � During 1996, the “Three Amigos” worked on the new method, renaming it as the Unified Modeling Language (UML) � In January ‘97, UML was proposed to OMG as a standard to facilitate the interchange of models; UML 1.1 adopted by OMG in Nov ‘97 July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 7 Methodology Wars of the 90’s Rational Booch Method - Booch GE ACC OMT - Rumbaugh, Blaha, Premerlani, Eddy, Lorensen Objectory OOSE - Jacobson Object International Others... Coad/Yourdon - Coad ... July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 8 July 1998 Rev 1.0 Introduction to UML 4

  5. Methodologist Terminology UML Class Association Generalization Aggregation Booch Class Uses Inherits Containing Coad Class & Instance Gen-Spec Part-Whole Object Connection Jacobson Object Acquaintance Inherits Consists of Association Odell Object Relationship Subtype Composition Type Rumbaugh Class Association Generalization Aggregation Shlaer/ Object Relationship Subtype N/A Mellor July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 9 1995 Unified Method from Rational Rational Unified Method - Booch, Rumbaugh Objectory OOSE - Jacobson Object International Others... Coad/Yourdon - Coad ... July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 10 July 1998 Rev 1.0 Introduction to UML 5

  6. January 1997 UML from Rational Rational Unified Modeling Language Objectory Process - Booch, Rumbaugh Objectory Jacobson OMG UML v1.0 Object International Others... Coad/Yourdon - Coad ... July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 11 November 1997 UML from OMG Rational Objectory Process - Booch, Rumbaugh, Jacobson OMG UML v1.1 (v1.2 in draft) Object International Others... Coad/Yourdon - Coad ... July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 12 July 1998 Rev 1.0 Introduction to UML 6

  7. What UML Is � UML is a modeling language, a notation used to express and document designs � UML unifies the notation of Booch, Rumbaugh (OMT) and Jacobson, and augmented with other contributors once submitted to OMG � UML proposes a standard for technical exchange of models and designs � UML also defines a “meta-model”, a diagram that defines the syntax of the UML notation July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 13 What UML Is Not � UML is not a method or methodology (Method = Notation (e.g.,UML) + Process) � UML does not dictate a particular process (although the “Rational Objectory Process” is being proposed by Booch, Rumbaugh and Jacobson) � UML can be used to record the resulting domain and design models, independent of the process � Choose an appropriate process for a particular project, independent of the modeling language July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 14 July 1998 Rev 1.0 Introduction to UML 7

  8. Why Use UML � Standardized notation without sacrificing specialized model data � Common language that can be used from product conception to delivery, from system to detailed design levels � Reduced learning curve across projects � Increased domain and design model reuse � Increased customer involvement /understanding of problem translation to product solution July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 15 Where to Start? � Identify key domain abstractions … classes integrating: ­ Attributes ­ Behavior (responsibilities, methods) ­ Messaging ! providing logical independence between client and object ­ Polymorphism ! providing physical independence between client and implementation � Consider relationships … integrating classes and objects to form higher levels of abstraction ­ Association (“Uses, Needs”) ­ Aggregation (“Has-A”) ­ Inheritance (“Is-A”) � Begin constructing your models July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 16 July 1998 Rev 1.0 Introduction to UML 8

  9. Model Perspectives � Conceptual ! Book [Title] ­ objects, “things” from the domain ­ conceptual map to implementation � Specification ! BookIface { void setTitle(String value); } ­ identifies how to obtain properties � Implementation ! PersistentBook : BookIface { -> DB } ­ identifies how interface will be implemented July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 17 Initial Modeling Results � List of use cases, describing system requirements � Domain model, capturing your understanding of the business process and key domain classes � Design model, realizing both the information in the domain objects and the behavior described in the use cases � Add classes in the design model that actually do the work and also provide a reusable architecture for future extensions July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 18 July 1998 Rev 1.0 Introduction to UML 9

  10. UML Notation Baseline � Use Case Diagrams � Class Diagrams � Package Diagrams � Activity Diagrams � State-Transition Diagrams � Event Trace (Interaction) Diagrams ­ Sequence Diagrams ­ Collaboration Diagrams � Deployment Diagrams July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 19 Use Case Diagrams � Show the external actors and their connection to the functionality (use cases) of the system � Use cases provide the basis of Student communication between sponsors/customers and implementers in the planning of a project ­ Capture some user-visible Register for Courses function ­ May be small or large ­ Achieves a discrete goal for the Billing System user July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 20 July 1998 Rev 1.0 Introduction to UML 10

  11. Class Diagrams Curriculum RegistrationUser � Show the static structure of name 1 1 IDNumber the domain abstractions NewCourseForm (from Interfaces) (classes) of the system 1 1 � Describe the types of objects creates in the system and the various kinds of static StudentInfo ProfessorInfo relationships that exist 1..* 1..* major tenureStatus 1 1 among them Course ­ Associations newCourse( ) getInfo( ) ­ Derivations � Show the attributes and StudentSchedule operations of a class and dateUpdated : char* semester : char* the constraints for the change( ) way objects collaborate July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 21 Package Diagrams � Shows the breakdown of larger systems into a logical University Interfaces grouping of smaller Artifacts subsystems (e.g, Coad/Yourdon’s Subject Layer) � Shows groupings of classes and the dependencies among them � A dependency exists between Database two elements if changes to the definition of one element may global cause changes to the other July 1998 Introduction to UML Slide 22 July 1998 Rev 1.0 Introduction to UML 11

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