Slide 1 / 106 Slide 2 / 106 New Jersey Center for Teaching and Learning Progressive Science Initiative 1st Grade PSI: Unit 1 This material is made freely available at www.njctl.org and is intended for the non-commercial use of students and teachers. These materials may not be used for any commercial purpose without the written permission of the owners. NJCTL maintains its website for the convenience of teachers who wish to make their work available to other teachers, Stars participate in a virtual professional learning community, and/or provide access to course materials to parents, students and others. Click to go to website: www.njctl.org www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 106 Slide 4 / 106 Table of Contents: Stars Click on the topic to go to that section · Introduction to the Night Sky · Astronomy Tools Introduction to the Night Sky · What is a star? · Types of Stars · Constellations Return to Table of Contents Slide 5 / 106 Slide 6 / 106 What you know about night sky? The Night Sky What you want to know about what you see? What did you learn about things in the night sky? People have been looking up into the night sky for a very . long time. L W K They wondered about the shining lights that sparkled in the sky.
Slide 7 / 106 Slide 8 / 106 Constellations Twinkle Twinkle Little Star When people studied the night sky they began to see patterns in the sky. People in the past did not have tools to help them see a closer view of sky. They used their eyes and imagination. Click here to listen to the song and paint a picture in your mind. Those patterns are called constellations . Slide 9 / 106 Slide 10 / 106 Astronomers Astronomers Astronomers are people who study stars. Astronomers started keeping track of which stars appeared in the night sky. Do you see a pattern in this group of stars? Slide 11 / 106 Slide 12 / 106 Astronomers 1 Why did astronomers study the night sky? Astronomers also wanted to measure the positions A To keep track of star patterns of the stars. B To keep track of star positions C Both A and B Answer The constellation called the "Big Dipper" changes position in the sky throughout the year.
Slide 13 / 106 Slide 14 / 106 2 What are groups of stars that form patterns called? 3 If you stood on the roof of the school and looked at the night sky in August, and then went back to the same spot and looked at the night sky in January, the A Special stars stars would be in the exact same position. B Constellations True C Starlight Answer Answer False Slide 15 / 106 Slide 16 / 106 Let's Brainstorm! There are tools that help you to see things in the sky. Tools help you to complete a task. Astronomy Tools A pencil is a tool. It helps you write words or draw pictures. Do you know other tools? Return to Table of Contents Slide 17 / 106 Slide 18 / 106 Astronomy Tools Astronomy Tools Throughout the years, astronomers used tools to measure the positions and patterns of the stars. What tools do you think we could use to see objects that are very far away? These included astrolabes, quadrants, and sextants. These tools can measure the distances between stars . These tools helped astronomers make maps of the stars. .
Slide 19 / 106 Slide 20 / 106 Astronomy Tools Astronomy Tools People built high towers called observatories to watch the movement and patterns in the sky. These observatories are tools! Slide 21 / 106 Slide 22 / 106 Astronomy Tools Astronomy Tools Our ancestors built large structures and monuments that lined up with the stars at certain times of the year. Star Calendar Star Map They kept track of the positions of the moon and stars every day and made maps and calendars based on their positions. Slide 23 / 106 Slide 24 / 106 Galileo Galilei Telescopes Some people believed that the stars were holes in the sky. Teacher Note A telescope makes far away In 1609, a scientist by the objects bigger and closer. name of Galileo Galilei invented the first telescope Since the invention of the to get a closer look at stars. telescope we have learned a lot about the night sky.
Slide 25 / 106 Slide 26 / 106 Telescopes and Satellites Hubble Space Telescope Today, there are many different types of telescopes and satellites astronomers use to study space. We now send telescopes into space so we can see very far away stars. The Hubble Space Telescope is floating in outer space and sends pictures back to Earth. Slide 27 / 106 Slide 28 / 106 Hubble Space Telescope Using Telescopes Click here to see some pictures from the Hubble Telescope. Thanks to their amazing tools, astronomers have discovered many other things in the night sky besides stars. Click here to see how a large telescope works Slide 29 / 106 Slide 30 / 106 Stars Stars If you live in a city it is harder to see a lot of stars Why? If you are out in the country or camping in the mountains or the desert away from the city lights, you may see thousands of stars.
Slide 31 / 106 Slide 32 / 106 Stars 4 Do the night sky and the day sky look the same? Is this picture of the night sky from a city or the country? A yes B no Answer How do you know? Slide 33 / 106 Slide 34 / 106 6 Before special tools were developed, a long 5 What is a tool? time ago, people used their eyes and imagination to study the night sky. A something that is big True B something that is hard to understand False C something that helps you do things Answer Answer Slide 35 / 106 Slide 36 / 106 7 Which of the following is the best tool scientists have 8 The man who invented the telescope was ______. developed to study stars? A Astronomeritus A An astrolabe B Galileo Answer B A quadrant C Gallaxy C A magnifying glass D A telescope
Slide 37 / 106 Slide 38 / 106 9 In the city you see more stars than you can in the country. Yes No Answer What is a star? Return to Table of Contents Slide 39 / 106 Slide 40 / 106 What are stars? What are stars? Stars produce a huge To us, stars look amount of energy. like bright lights. The star closest to us A star is a huge gives Earth the sphere of very energy to stay warm, hot gases. grow plants, and support all life. We call the star closest to us the Sun. The Sun is a star! Click here to see what Timon, Pumbaa, and Simba think stars are made of....which one is right? Slide 41 / 106 Slide 42 / 106 10 A star is 11 A star is made of A dark A water B cold B stone Answer Answer C hot C gases
Slide 43 / 106 Slide 44 / 106 12 What is the Star closest to Earth called? A The North Star B Star Bright C The Sun Types of Stars Answer Return to Table of Contents Slide 45 / 106 Slide 46 / 106 Stars How far away are stars? In general, stars are very far away. Do you remember which star is closest to Earth? When you look up at the night time sky you may see many different stars. Slide 47 / 106 Slide 48 / 106 Star Size and Color Types of Stars Big Scientists study stars and Stars place them in groups based Little come in on how they are alike or many how they are different. White sizes and Blue colors. Yellow Black Red
Slide 49 / 106 Slide 50 / 106 Star Temperature and Color Star Temperature and Color Big (Giant) Stars are Hotter than Smaller Stars Have you ever noticed that fire can have different colors? Blue stars are hottest Red - coolest part of flame Then Yellow - hotter than red, cooler than blue Yellow Blue - hottest part of flame Then Red Stars also have different colors depending on temperature. Slide 51 / 106 Slide 52 / 106 Size of Stars 13 Which part of the fire is hottest? A yellow Stars come in all B blue different sizes: Answer C both are the Blue Giant Stars same are brightest! temperature The hotter the star, the brighter it is. Come to the board and point out as many different colors as you can see. Slide 53 / 106 Slide 54 / 106 14 Which type of star is hottest and brightest 15 Stars can be A a yellow star like our sun A big and little B a giant blue star B all the same color Answer C a smaller red star C big and little and different colors Answer
Slide 55 / 106 Slide 56 / 106 Giant Stars Types of Stars Many of the stars you see at night are giant stars. Giant stars can be blue or red. There are many kinds of stars in the sky. Some are very big. A couple of stars have been found that are 100 to 200 times larger than the Sun. Some very old stars are smaller than Earth. Slide 57 / 106 Slide 58 / 106 Our Sun Blue Giant Stars Right now our Sun is a yellow star. Blue Giant Stars are large The Sun will grow bigger and and their gas burns quickly become a Red Giant Star, and its making them very hot. light will shine much farther into space than it does right now. A Blue Giant is very bright. Slide 59 / 106 Slide 60 / 106 Red Dwarf Stars White and Black Dwarf Stars Red Dwarf Stars are A yellow star, like our sun, will cool and become a smaller than our sun. White Dwarf Star. There are many Red Dwarf After billions, maybe even Stars in outer space, but we trillions of years, the White see very few of them in the Dwarf Star will stop glowing. sky because they are small At that point it will be what and produce very little light. we call a Black Dwarf Star.
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