introduction to cl nlp
play

Introduction to CL & NLP CMSC 35100 April 1, 2003 Speech and - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 19, 2023 •436 likes •640 views

Introduction to CL & NLP CMSC 35100 April 1, 2003 Speech and Language Processing Language applications Language understanding, Question-answering, Information extraction, Speech recognition, Machine Translation,... Computational

  1. Introduction to CL & NLP CMSC 35100 April 1, 2003

  2. Speech and Language Processing ● Language applications – Language understanding, Question-answering, Information extraction, Speech recognition, Machine Translation,... ● Computational Linguistics – Modeling language structure – Modeling human use of language ● What does it mean to “know” a language?

  3. Models and Methods from Many Fields ● Linguistics:Morphology, phonology, syntax, semantics,.. ● Psychology:Reasoning, mental representations ● Formal logic ● Philosophy (of language) ● Theory of Computation: Automata,.. ● Artificial Intelligence: Search, Reasoning, Knowledge representation, Machine learning, Pattern matching ● Probability..

  4. Balancing Act ● Competitive & integrative approaches: – Symbolic vs Stochastic ● Early approaches: 40's & 50's – Formal language theory (Chomsky, Backus) ● Automata theory – Probabilistic techniques (Shannon): ● Noisy channel model ● Decoding

  5. Two Paths: '50-'83 ● Symbolic: – Formal language theory (Chomsky, Harris) – Logic-based systems (Kaplan,Kay) ● Lexical functional grammar, feature systems – Toy symbolic NLU systems: (Winograd, Woods,) ● Blocks world, Lunar, .. – Discourse modeling: (Grosz, Sidner, Webber) ● Reference, Topic and Task structure ● Stochastic: (Jelinek, Brown, Baker, Bahl,Rabiner) – Hidden Markov Models for speech recognition

  6. To the Present: Empiricism & Moore's Law ● Empiricism: – Finite State methods: (Kaplan&Kay, Church) ● Morphology, Syntax, . – Probabilistic approaches (Jelinek, Perreira,Charniak) ● Tagging, syntax, parsing, discourse,... ● Moore's Law: – Data-driven (and probabilistic) techniques demand processor speed, disk space, memory!!

  7. Language & Intelligence ● Turing Test: (1949) – Operationalize intelligence – Two contestants: human, computer – Judge: humans – Test: Interact via text questions – Questions: Which is human??? ● Crucially requires language use and understanding

  8. Limitations of the TuringTest ● ELIZA (Weizenbaum 1966) – Simulates Rogerian therapist ● User: You are like my father in some ways ● ELIZA: WHAT RESEMBLANCE DO YOU SEE ● User: You are not very aggressive ● ELIZA: WHAT MAKES YOU THINK I AM NOT AGGRESSIVE... – Passes the Turing Test!! (sort of) – “You can fool some of the people....” ● Simple pattern matching technique

  9. Real Language Understanding ● Requires more than just pattern matching ● But what?, ● 2001: ● Dave: Open the pod bay doors, HAL. ● HAL: I'm sorry, Dave. I'm afraid I can't do that.

  10. Phonetics and Phonology ● Convert an acoustic sequence to word sequence ● Need to know: – Phonemes: Sound inventory for a language – Vocabulary: Word inventory – pronunciations – Pronunciation variation: ● Colloquial, fast, slow, accented, context

  11. Morphology ● Recognitize and produce variations in word forms ● (E.g.) Inflectional morphology: – e.g. Singular vs plural; verb person/tense ● Door + sg: door ● Door + plural: doors ● Be + 1 st person, sg, present: am

  12. Syntax ● Order and group words together in sentence ● Open the pod bay doors – Vs ● Pod the open doors bay

  13. Semantics ● Understand word meanings and combine meanings in larger units ● Lexical semantics: – Bay: partially enclosed body of water; storage area ● Compositional sematics: – “pod bay doors”: ● Doors allowing access to bay where pods are kept

  14. Discourse & Pragmatics ● Interpret utterances in context ● Resolve references: – “I'm afraid I can't do that” ● “that” = “open the pod bay doors” ● Speech act interpretation: – “Open the pod bay doors” ● Command

  15. Language Processing Pipeline speech text Phonetic/Phonological Analysis OCR/Tokenization Morphological analysis Syntactic analysis Semantic Interpretation Discourse Processing

  16. Ambiguity: Language Processing Components ● “I made her duck” ● Means.... – I caused her to duck down – I made the (carved) duck she has – I cooked duck for her – I cooked the duck she owned – I magically turned her into a duck

  17. Part-of-Speech Tagging ● Ambiguity: – Her: pronoun vs possessive adjective – Duck: verb vs noun

  18. Word Sense Disambiguation ● Ambiguity: ● Make = cook – Vs ● Make = carve

  19. Syntactic Disambiguation ● I made her duck. S S NP VP NP VP PRON V NP PRON V NP NP Poss N PRON N

  20. Resources for NLP Systems • Dictionary • Morphology and Spelling Rules • Grammar Rules • Semantic Interpretation Rules • Discourse Interpretation Natural Language processing involves (1) learning or fashioning the rules for each component, (2) embedding the rules in the relevant automaton, (3) and using the automaton to efficiently process the input .

Recommend

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

TRAINING COURSE ON SOCIAL PROTECTION & FORMALIZATION TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO MARCH 15, 2017 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Design of the NIS Assistance from the

547 views • 23 slides
INTRODUCTION Introduction 2/42 INTRODUCTION Alternations I am giving bread to the

INTRODUCTION Introduction 2/42 INTRODUCTION Alternations I am giving bread to the

Patterns of variation in the expression of case and agreement Andrs Brny Leiden University Centre for Linguistics 9 November 2019, BaSIS Workshop a.barany@hum.leidenuniv.nl INTRODUCTION Introduction 2/42 INTRODUCTION

1.37k views • 42 slides
Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Outline Motivation Failures

Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Outline Motivation Failures

Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Outline Motivation Failures Definition and concepts Process and product properties Principles SE Approaches Motivation Software and the economy The economies of

1.03k views • 49 slides
Introduction Introduction Introduction Nationwide Cause for Concern 1

Introduction Introduction Introduction Nationwide Cause for Concern 1

Introduction Introduction Introduction Nationwide Cause for Concern 1 https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats17/infographic.htm Introduction Epidemiology in Western Colorado CPHE Surveillance Data Report, May 2018 Chlamydia Epidemiology in Western

977 views • 39 slides
DAQ introduction Purpose of this talk : (1) Introduction for those who have not been in every

DAQ introduction Purpose of this talk : (1) Introduction for those who have not been in every

DAQ introduction Purpose of this talk : (1) Introduction for those who have not been in every meeting (2) Some ideas of diagrams for section 7.1 (Introduction) of TP. Giles Barr 25 Jan 2018, Pembroke College On DUNE, the reality is there is a

474 views • 10 slides
INTRODUCTION cf. Schneider, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION THEY ARE OUT TO GET YOU INTRODUCTION WHAT

INTRODUCTION cf. Schneider, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION THEY ARE OUT TO GET YOU INTRODUCTION WHAT

ADVANCED COMPUTER SECURITY INTRODUCTION cf. Schneider, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION THEY ARE OUT TO GET YOU INTRODUCTION WHAT IS SECURITY? A systems security policies describe What the system is supposed to do Store and provide access

479 views • 16 slides
Overview Introduction to SMIL Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Overview Introduction to SMIL Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Overview Introduction to SMIL Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL Writing a SMIL file Adding Media Objects Martin Halvey Clipping media files January 2008 Timing and Synchronising Layout World Wide

387 views • 14 slides
14 Introduction Introduction Bad guys can put malware into Example: hosts

14 Introduction Introduction Bad guys can put malware into Example: hosts

Introduction Introduction source Encapsulation ISO/OSI reference model message M application segment H t H t M transport network datagram H n H n H t M presentation: allow applications to frame link H l H n H t M interpret

583 views • 4 slides
Previous Lecture Introduction to SMIL 2 Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Previous Lecture Introduction to SMIL 2 Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Previous Lecture Introduction to SMIL 2 Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL Writing a SMIL file Adding Media Objects Martin Halvey Clipping media files January 2008 Timing and Synchronising Layout

322 views • 8 slides
Lecture 1 Andreas Habegger Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq PS vs. PL

Lecture 1 Andreas Habegger Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq PS vs. PL

Introduction Zynq Lecture 1 Andreas Habegger Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq PS vs. PL Processing System Processor Peripherals Data Buses AXI Bus Conclusion BTE5380 - Embedded Systems Octobre 2014 Andreas Habegger

1.81k views • 30 slides
2018.06 01 SMILE5 Introduction S E 5 02 Alpha Cloud M I L 03 Company Introduction 04

2018.06 01 SMILE5 Introduction S E 5 02 Alpha Cloud M I L 03 Company Introduction 04

2018.06 01 SMILE5 Introduction S E 5 02 Alpha Cloud M I L 03 Company Introduction 04 Project References S E 5 PART.1 SMILE5 Introduction M I L Introduction STORION-SMILE5 Residential Energy Storage System Inverter 5kW Output Input

1.06k views • 25 slides
Introduction to CICS Course introduction Course introduction What is CICS? What is an

Introduction to CICS Course introduction Course introduction What is CICS? What is an

Introduction to CICS Course introduction Course introduction What is CICS? What is an application server? Why use an application server? Course introduction Services provided by CICS How CICS applications are defined Scaling CICS to meet

1.84k views • 146 slides
Network Visualization Introduction Presented by Shahed Introduction Introduction Basic

Network Visualization Introduction Presented by Shahed Introduction Introduction Basic

Network Visualization Introduction Presented by Shahed Introduction Introduction Basic building blocks Node Links (relationship between nodes) Spatial information Network data

584 views • 9 slides
Introduction Introduction (1) Main argument of the paper: universities are not only

Introduction Introduction (1) Main argument of the paper: universities are not only

Le jugement des pairs comme outil de management des universits Peer-review as a management tool Christine Musselin (CSO, Sciences Po et CNRS) Avril 2013, Lirrsistible ascension du capitalisme acadmique Introduction Introduction (1)

590 views • 28 slides
Introduction Introduction to storage and to storage and filesystems filesystems Introduction

Introduction Introduction to storage and to storage and filesystems filesystems Introduction

Moreno Baricevic Gilberto Daz Axel Kohlmeyer Stefano Cozzini ULA ICTP CNR-IOM DEMOCRITOS Merida, VENEZUELA Trieste, ITALY Trieste, ITALY Introduction Introduction to storage and to storage and filesystems filesystems Introduction

1.19k views • 51 slides
JABLOTRON JA-100 introduction November 2011 Introduction Todays goals First introduction of

JABLOTRON JA-100 introduction November 2011 Introduction Todays goals First introduction of

JABLOTRON JA-100 introduction November 2011 Introduction Todays goals First introduction of the brand new JA-100 alarm system Visions Basic architecture System components Setting Help us with final validations You are the FIRST ones

1.69k views • 111 slides
1 Introduction Introduction Communication System Baseband an adjective that describes

1 Introduction Introduction Communication System Baseband an adjective that describes

Introduction Introduction Physical Layer Mobile network Global ISP Provides the means to transmit bits Basic Concepts of from sender to receiver, Data Transmission Defines the mechanical, electrical, and Home network timing

463 views • 7 slides
Welcome! Todays Agenda: Topic Introduction Course Introduction Team Practical

Welcome! Todays Agenda: Topic Introduction Course Introduction Team Practical

INFOGR Computer Graphics Jacco Bikker - April-July 2015 - Lecture 1: Introduction Welcome! Todays Agenda: Topic Introduction Course Introduction Team Practical Details Assignments Field Study State of

869 views • 62 slides
Introduction (00) RNDr. Martin Madaras, PhD. madaras@skeletex.xyz Introduction Introduction

Introduction (00) RNDr. Martin Madaras, PhD. madaras@skeletex.xyz Introduction Introduction

Virtual and Augmented Reality Introduction (00) RNDr. Martin Madaras, PhD. madaras@skeletex.xyz Introduction Introduction Who am I? What do I do here? 2 About me Short research bio: - 2014 - finished PhD at FMFI UK - 2014 2016 -

1.3k views • 39 slides
PRESENTATION The Introduction What is the Introduction ? The introduction prepares the audience

PRESENTATION The Introduction What is the Introduction ? The introduction prepares the audience

PRESENTATION The Introduction What is the Introduction ? The introduction prepares the audience for your presentation. It tells them what your presentation is about, why it is important, and finally, what to listen for in your speech. Get the

505 views • 3 slides
How to make a presentation with L A T EX? Introduction to L A T EX Introduction to Beamer

How to make a presentation with L A T EX? Introduction to L A T EX Introduction to Beamer

Introduction to Beamer Hafida Benhidour How to make a presentation with L A T EX? Introduction to L A T EX Introduction to Beamer Introduction to Beamer Hafida Benhidour Department of computer science King Saud University November

732 views • 49 slides
Shenzhen Cuilu jewelry Co., Ltd was founded in 1996 and its a large private enterprise

Shenzhen Cuilu jewelry Co., Ltd was founded in 1996 and its a large private enterprise

Introduction Introduction - - Brief Brief Introduction Introduction of of Cuilu Cuilu Group Group Introduction Introduction - - Brief Brief Introduction Introduction of of Cuilu Cuilu Group Group Shenzhen Cuilu jewelry Co., Ltd

147 views • 14 slides
Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org

Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org

V olunteer C ommunications N etwork (V-C-N.org) Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org Academy Course - 2012-02.24-2208 262: Introduction to ICS-214 : V-C-N.org : Slide: 1 V olunteer C

735 views • 34 slides
Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org

Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org

V olunteer C ommunications N etwork (V-C-N.org) Introduction to ICS- -214 214 Introduction to ICS Official Unit / Incident Log - A V-C-N.org Academy Course - 2012-02.24-2208 262: Introduction to ICS-214 : V-C-N.org : Slide: 1 V olunteer C

558 views • 18 slides

More recommend