Incorporating Ngāti Waewae values and eco - cultural attributes into the Kawatiri FMU Presentation by Francois Tumahai & Philippa Lynch for Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Waewae
Presentation outline Ngati Waewae principles for managing freshwater NPSFW - why are iwi involved? Ng ā ti Waewae values associated with fresh water Eco-cultural attributes Cultural health monitoring Freshwater objectives (work in progress…)
Principles for managing freshwater Water is a holistic resource and should be managed consistent with the “mountains to the sea” ( Ki Uta Ki Tai ) philosophy
Ngāti Waewae takiwa
Principles for managing freshwater cont... Water is a taonga (treasure) The mauri (life-giving essence) of waterways needs to be maintained or enhanced the cultural, public health & ecological values of water need to be recognised & provided for before consumptive uses are provided for
Principles for managing freshwater cont... The present generation has an obligation to pass on healthy water resources to future generations
Summary of principles for managing freshwater Water is a holistic resource and should be managed consistent with the “mountains to the sea” ( Ki Uta Ki Tai ) philosophy Water is a taonga (treasure) The mauri of waterways needs to be maintained or enhanced the cultural, public health & ecological values of water need to be recognised & provided for before consumptive uses are provided for The present generation has an obligation to pass on healthy water resources to future generations
Why are iwi involved with the NPSFM? Objective D of the Freshwater NPS states that we must: “provide for the involvement of iwi and hapū, and to ensure that tangata whenua values and interests are identified and reflected in the management of fresh water including associated ecosystems, and decision - making regarding freshwater planning, including on how all other objectives of this national policy statement are given effect to”
Te Mana o te Wai Objective AA1 of the Freshwater NPS “To consider and recognise Te Mana o te Wai in the management of fresh water” Te Mana o te Wai recognises the connection between water and the broader environment
Ngāti Waewae values & uses associated with water Water has a role in tribal Cultural purposes e.g. creation stories ceremonies Role in identity Mahinga kai Connections through Cultural materials e.g. historical accounts weaving & medicines Navigational routes – Waterways as access traditional travel routes routes or transport courses (e.g. Pounamu) Water is a taonga Traditional campsites & Wahi tapu – sacred nohoanga places, sites & areas
An overview of some of the eco - cultural attributes of a catchment Te Reo, Traditional A variety of kai placenames, Landscape features from land, POUNAMU stories central to water & whakapapa, identity riparian Distinctive Fibre/materials climate, air & light from land, water & riparian Water colour & quality Marae, pa, urupa Navigable waterways Reserves and Remnants of historic easements Variety of resources activities found in the awarded post available to be protected, archaeological European used & developed by mana evidence that settlement whenua remains
Example Value – Mahinga kai (incl. kai) Attributes – Ecological condition Abundance and good health Access Gathering Historic sites Traditional techniques Spiritual connections and respect
Ecological components
Eco- cultural system Eco-cultural system Climate and atmospheric Time condition D Geology Riparian zone Aquatic and condition – cover, riparian biota – temperature control Landform vegetation, fish, riparian wetlands periphyton, birds, Biological and springs E invertebrates F processes – life stages, primary production, Landscape food, mortality, condition – incl. Pounamu Maunga competition, land cover A (important growth rates mountains) I Urup ā K ā inga, p ā , nohoanga Tuhituhi neherā Water (rock art) Taonga species quality Water quantity – (plants, fish, birds (surface flows, W ā hi raranga incl. mahinga kai G groundwater - incl. species & cultural levels, connections Ara tawhito harakeke materials) to springs) to (weaving) B Waitaha Tauranga waka Ingoa tawhito (ancient (canoe mooring (place names) trails) sites) Waiata Instream habitat (songs) conditions Stream H geomorphology – Stories sediment type, stability C
Cultural Health Index Eco-cultural attributes can be measured to ensure the values important to Ngāti Waewae are protected The ‘Cultural Health Index’ is a monitoirng tool based on cultural values and knowledge The Index provides a framework to apply traditional methods and perspectives when assessing the overall health of a waterway The Index recognises and expresses Maori values and links this cultural knowledge to western scientific methods in a way that satifies the needs of iwi/hapu and councils
3 components Significance of the site – 2 questions / 2 indicators Cultural use – 4 indicators Stream health – up to 8 indicators When whanau are in the catchment they also: Compile species lists May do some “citizen science” e.g. clarity tubes, electric fishing or E. coli
Component 1 – site status The first measure is whether or not the site is an area of traditional significance to tangata whenua. A traditional site is assigned an A , a non–traditional site a B . The second measure is whether tangata whenua would return to the site in future. 1 is assigned if tangata would return to the site, 0 if not.
Component 2 – Mahinga kai Allows the mahinga kai values of a site to be evaluated and expressed The mahinga kai measure is made up of 4 elements and then combined to give a single mahinga kai measure between 1 -5. The 4 elements include: identification of mahinga kai species present at the site, comparison between the species present today and the traditional mahinga kai sourced from the site, assessment of physical & legal access to the resources where they want to gather, and an assessment of whether tangata whenua return to the site in the future as they did in the past.
Component 3 – Cultural stream health Based on eight indicators to give a cultural stream health measure. The indicators include a description on how each indicator can impact on stream health The indicators include catchment land use, riparian vegetation, use of riparian margin, riverbed condition/sediment, channel modification, flow and habitat variety, water clarity and water quality. Assessment of the 8 indicators are combined for each site to give a single measure of cultural steam health between 1- 5.
Bringing all three components together . McRae’s Creek - B-1 / 2.9 / 4.87
Bringing all three components together Hogburn A- 0 / 1.38 / 1.31
Summary of cultural health and level of cultural use
Whanau connections Hikoi
Freshwater Objectives The mauri of freshwater is restored where degraded, maintained and protected Land and water is managed to recognise and enable Ngati Waewae culture, traditions and uses Land and water is managed in an integrated manner to recognise the connectivity between surface water and groundwater, and between freshwater, land and the coast.
Freshwater Objectives cont… The quality and quantity of water in freshwater bodies and their catchments is managed to safeguard the life supporting capacity of ecosystems and ecosystem processes Land and water is managed to maintain healthy mahinga kai populations and habitats capable of sustaining harvesting activity
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