Country Report : Thailand Implementation of Codex Standards at National Level Pisan Pongsapitch Director, Office of Standard Development National Bureau Of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards (ACFS), Thailand FAO Workshop on Implementing Codex , 1 9 September 2012, visiting ACFS, Thailand
Road Map of Food safety Food safety standards I II III IV V Food Market Import Farm Produce/ (Domestic/ Manufacturing RM+Input level Product level Export) - Registration & - Control hygiene GAP - Product Inspection of of market/retailer Implementation Registration pesticide, & Certification /Certification fertilizer - Consumer & Issue of ‘Q’ vet drug, other communication & chemicals Mark Control GMP/HACCP advertising - Product - Border Implementation Inspection & Certification control of RM, -Inspect & Certify before export foods, feeds, product for animal export -Product monitoring - SPS/Trade negotiation Traceability
National Policy on Food Safety Single standard for both domestic consumption and export Development/Improvement through Standardization /Legal control - Standard harmonization Agricultural extension / Food education Traceability system
National Agencies in charge of Food control Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of Health - Production based - Health based Food production, mainly Consumer protection primary production (safety + quality) (safety + quality) Some parts of food Food trade, mainly production related to export consumer protection Food security Food import Domestic market including food service
Health : Food Act 1979 Regulated by Ministry of Public Health (MOPH), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Food establishments registration Establish regulations on specific foods Control of food sold domestically / Imported foods Control of food labelling + food advertising * All mandatory
Agricultural standards Act 2008 New Act – Effective August 2008 Establish single standard aiming for the safety and quality of agricultural commodity and applied equally to producer , exporter & importer of agricultural commodities Also applied to certification bodies (CB) who inspect / certify upon agricultural standards with the aim to strengthening the capacity and reliability of private CB Thai Agricultural Standard; TAS
STANDARDS FOR FOOD CHAIN Product (Export) Farm Industry Product (Domesti c) GAP GMP Product standard Organic HACCP (Safety & Quality) Hygiene of food service
MOAC : Roles on Food Safety Standardization Activities Plants Fisheries Livestocks ACFS Standard setting DOAE, CPD DLD DOF Agri. Extension/ Std. Implementation Inspection & DOF DOA, RD DLD Certification ACFS Accreditation Communication & All Education
Standard Setting ACFS - Farmers - Processors - Scientists 8 Steps - Focal Points Consumers Standard Setting (Codex, OIE, IPPC) Commodity Std. National Standards Production Std. General Std. Products Consumers
ACFS : National standard setting 1. Prioritization of a standard 2. Establishment of Technical Committee - all stakeholders including * scientists, experts * government officers, * farmers * private sectors 3. Standard drafting
ACFS : National standard setting 4. Draft standard considered by the Technical Committee 5. Public hearing / Requesting comments from all stakeholders 6. Draft standard approved by the National Committee on Agricultural Standards 7. WTO Notification (for mandatory standard) 8. Standard Approval and Notified in the Royal Gazette * Standard review and possibly revised every 5 y
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Q – Mark: Certification Mark for Qualified Systems or Products
From International to National Standards
Alignment of National Standards to Codex Standards Adopting Adapting
ISO/IEC Guide 21-2:2005 ISO/IEC Guide 21-2:2005 : Regional or national adoption of International Standards and other International Deliverables Adopting international standard Identical Modification Not equivalent
Identical The regional or national standards is identical to the International Standard under the following conditions: a) the regional or national standard is identical in technical content, structure and wording b) the regional or national standards is identical in technical content and structure, although it may contain the following minimal editorial changes:
Modified Technical deviation clearly identified and explain Structure deviations easy identified Contain less Contain more Contain some differing requirements Etc.
Not equivalent Not equivalent = Not adoption (Adapting) Technical deviation not clearly identified Structure deviation
Example of Adoption of Codex Standards Codex RCP 1 (GMP)/HACCP TAS 9023-2007 : CODE OF PRACTICE : GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF FOOD HYGIENE TAS 9024-2007 : HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEM AND GUIDELINES FOR ITS APPLICATION Codex Principles and Guideline for the Conduct of Microbiological Risk Assessment TAS. 9015-2007 - PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES FOR THE CONDUCT OF MICROBIOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT Identical adoption
Example of Adapting of Codex Standards Codex Guideline for Organic TAS 9000 – 2009 : Organic Agriculture Part 1 : Guideline for the Production, Processing, labelling and sale of the Produce and Product from Organic Agriculture Adapting from Codex Standard with some inputs from IFOAM standard and national practices
Other Type of Adoption of Codex Standards Codex MRL/EMRL for Pesticides TAS 9003-2004 : Pesticide Residues: Extraneous Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) TAS 9002-2008 : Pesticide Residues: Maximum Residue Limits (EMRL) * Identical, Modify & Not equivalent
The Establishment of Thai MRLs
MRL Establishment TAS 9002-2004 : 12 pesticides 214 MRLs TAS 9002-2006 : replaced TAS 9002-2004 - Total 36 pesticides 652 MRLs TAS 9002-2008 : replaced TAS 9002-2006 - Total 40 pesticides 690 MRLs TAS 9003-2004 : Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (EMRL) 5 pesticides 79 EMRLs
Establishment of Thai MRL Agricultural Std ACFS Committee Approved label = GAP Codex/JMPR Data i.e. Codex MRLs Supervised Trial, other countries’ national MRLs Exposure assessment MRL - Recommendation ADI/ARfD MRL Adoption
Principle/Process of MRL Establishment Set MRL for all commodities which the pesticide is allowed to be used Reference is made to Codex/ASEAN MRLs, where available In case of no Codex/ASEAN MRL, the following data are used : Supervised residue trial data Other national MRLs e.g. EU, USA, Japan, Australia Other Codex/ASEAN/National MRLs on related commodities Other related and available data e.g. monitoring data
Reference for MRL establishment 43% based on national and other 57% data based on Codex MRL Codex Others
MRL/EMRL Classified by Commodity Groups Other crops/Produce, Meat, Fat & 12% Edible offal, 16% Cereals, Pulse, Eggs & Milk, Oilseed, 18% 7% Fruits, 15% Vegetables, 32%
MRL/EMRL Classified by Pesticide Groups Fungicides, 103 Herbicides, 45 Other Pesticides, 45 Insecticides / Acaricides, 608
Agricultural commodities comply to the Standards on MRL/EMRL if Pesticides have been used according to national GAP 1. Residue found not higher than MRLs/EMRLs 2. identified in TAS 9002 or TAS 9003 No residue of banned pesticides (according to 3. Hazardous Substance Act) is detectable ( e.g. monocrotophos, methamidophos, mevinphos, endosulfan, parathion-methyl, phorate) * Codex MRLs are used to determine compliance in case other than 2 and 3
Risk Assessment of the Proposed MRLs All proposed MRLs must ensure safety to consumer by apply appropriate risk assessment using Codex technique Calculating of residue intake by Thai people assuming that all food consumed contain residue at MRL (worst case) Consumption data for Thai people (ACFS, 2006) was used in the intake calculation Both chronic and acute intake were included in the calculation All MRLs/EMRLs have to pass the assessment that provide sufficient safety to consumer before they can be submitted for adoption as national MRLs
National Consumption Data of Thailand National Consumption Survey Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University 530 Food items National consumption data Published by ACFS
Development of Electronic Database The structure of database from food items to raw material Ingredient RM RM Food factor factor Thai noodle Rice flour Rice grain Food ingredient raw material
www.acfs.go.th
Thank you www.acfs.go.th
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