ILC Status, Progress and Plans Barry Barish GDE / Caltech 8-Aug-06 1 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting Global Effort on Design / R&D Snowmass 49 GDE members --------- EU US Present GDE Membership Americas 22 Europe 24 Asia Asia 18 2003 年 7 月 About 30 FTEs Joint Design, Implementation, Operations, Management Host Country Provides Conventional Facilities 8-Aug-06 2 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 1
GDE RDR / R&D Organization FALC ICFA FALC ILCSC Resource Board GDE Directorate GDE Executive Committee GDE GDE GDE R & D Board Change Control Board Design Cost Board ILC ILC Global RDR Design R&D R&D Program Design Matrix Effort Program 8-Aug-06 3 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting Designing a Linear Collider pre-accelerator few GeV source KeV damping extraction ring & dump few GeV 250-500 GeV final focus few GeV IP bunch main linac compressor collimation Superconducting RF Main Linac 8-Aug-06 4 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 2
Luminosity & Beam Size 2 n N f = b rep L H π Σ Σ D 2 x y • f rep * n b tends to be low in a linear collider N [10 10 ] σ x [ μ m] σ y [ μ m] L f rep [Hz] n b 2x10 34 ILC 5 3000 2 0.5 0.005 2x10 30 SLC 120 1 4 1.5 0.5 5x10 31 LEP2 10,000 8 30 240 4 1x10 34 PEP-II 140,000 1700 6 155 4 • The beam-beam tune shift limit is much looser in a linear collider than a storage rings � achieve luminosity with spot size and bunch charge – Small spots mean small emittances and small betas: σ x = sqrt ( β x ε x ) 8-Aug-06 5 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting Achieving High Luminosity • Low emittance machine optics • Contain emittance growth • Squeeze the beam as small as possible ~ 5 nm Interaction Point (IP) 8-Aug-06 6 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 3
Parametric Approach • A working space - optimize machine for cost/performance 8-Aug-06 7 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting The Baseline Machine ~31 km 20mr ML ~10km (G = 31.5MV/m) RTML ~1.6km BDS 5km 2mr e+ undulator @ 150 GeV (~1.2km) R = 955m E = 5 GeV x2 not to scale 8-Aug-06 8 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 4
Baseline to a RDR Dec 2006 July Jan Frascati Bangalore Vancouver Valencia Freeze Configuration Organize for RDR Review Design/Cost Methodology Review Initial Design / Cost Review Final Design / Cost RDR Document Design and Costing Preliminary RDR Released 8-Aug-06 9 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting Memos on Cost Confidentiality • ILC-GDE Cost Disclosure Rules • Guidelines for Area System, Technical and Global Group Leaders for discussing costs during parallel sessions at Vancouver Distributed to GDE members prior to VLCW06 to serve as guidance for discussions at this meeting and general policy as costing evolves 8-Aug-06 10 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 5
Linear Collider Facility Main Research Center Particle Detector ~30 km long tunnel Two tunnels • accelerator units • other for services - RF power 8-Aug-06 11 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting Regional Differences Tunnel Diameter • Both tunnels are 5 meter diameter (Fixed) • • 5 meters in Asia & 7.5 meters elsewhere between tunnels (for structural reasons) • 5 meters between tunnels required for shielding 8-Aug-06 12 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 6
Baseline Features – Electron Source • Electron Source – Conventional Source using a DC ----- Titanium-sapphire laser emits 2-ns pulses that knock out electrons; electric field focuses each bunch into a 250-meter- long linear accelerator that accelerates up to 5 GeV 8-Aug-06 13 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting Baseline Features – Positron Source • Positron Source – Helical Undulator with Polarized beams – 150 Gev electron beam goes through a 200m undulator making photons that hit a 0.5 rl titanium alloy target to produce positrons. The Primary e - source positrons are accelerated to 5-GeV accelerator before injecting into positron damping ring. Beam e - Delivery DR Positron Linac System 150 GeV 100 GeV IP 250 GeV Helical Photon e + Undulator Collimators DR Target e - In By-Pass Dump Line Photon Beam Dump Photon Adiabatic e + pre- Target Auxiliary e - Matching accelerator Source Device ~5GeV 8-Aug-06 14 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 7
6 Km Damping Ring Requires Fast Kicker 5 6km nsec rise and 30 nsec fall time The damping rings have more accelerator physics than the rest of the collider 8-Aug-06 15 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting Damping Ring - Design Issues Electron Cloud • Ecloud: Threshold of electron cloud, 1.4x10 11 m -3 . • Ion: Feedback system can suppress for 650 MHz (3ns spacing), • Number of bunch in a train 45, and gap between trains 45ns. 60 1e-05 Feedback OFF 50 OCS low-q OCS low-q 1.8e11 1e-06 Np=1e10 40 1.6e11 Ne=1.0e10, Nbunch=45, Lsp=3ns, 1e-07 sy (um) sqrt(Jy) Lgap=45ns,Ntrain=10 30 Feedback ON 50 1e-08 20 1.4e11 1e-09 10 Feedback ON 20 1.2e11 0 1e-10 0 200 400 600 800 1000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 turn turn 8-Aug-06 16 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 8
SRF Cavity Gradient Cavity Qualified Operational Length* energy type gradient gradient MV/m MV/m Km GeV initial TESLA 35 31.5 10.6 250 upgrade LL 40 36.0 +9.3 500 Total length of one 500 GeV linac ≈ 20km * assuming 75% fill factor 8-Aug-06 17 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting Superconducting RF Cavities Chemical Polish Electro Polish 8-Aug-06 18 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 9
Beam Delivery System Baseline • Requirements: – Focus beams down to very small spot sizes – Collect out-going disrupted beam and transport to the dump – Collimate the incoming beams to limit beam halo – Provide diagnostics and optimize the system and determine the luminosity spectrum for the detector – Switch between IPs 8-Aug-06 19 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting Detectors for the ILC • Large Scale 4 π detectors with solenoidal magnetic fields. • In order to take full advantage of the ILC ability to reconstruct, need to improve resolutions, tracking, etc by factor of two or three • New techniques in calorimetry, granularity of readout etc being developed 8-Aug-06 20 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 10
RDR Cost Estimating • 500 GeV BCD machine + “essentials” for 1 TeV • Follow ITER “Value” & CERN “CORE” model for International Projects – Provides basic agreed to costs [common “value” + in-house labor (man-hr)] • RDR will provide information for translation into any country’s cost estimating metric, e.g. Basis of Estimate => contingency estimate, in-house labor, G&A, escalation, R&D, pre-construction, commissioning, etc. • Assumes a 7 year construction phase 8-Aug-06 21 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting ILC Cost Estimate • Based on a call for world-wide tender: lowest reasonable price for required quality • Classes of items in cost estimate: – Site-Specific (separate estimates for each site) – Conventional – global capability (single world est.) High Tech – cavities, cryomodules, regional estimates • Cost Engineers will determine how to combine and present multiple estimates • WBS ; WBS Dictionary; Costing Guidelines are mature enough - cost estimating is underway 8-Aug-06 22 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 11
Cost Roll-ups Area Systems e- e+ damping RTML main BDS source source rings linac Technical Systems Technical Systems Vacuum systems Magnet systems Cryomodule Cavity Package RF Power Instrumentation Dumps and Collimators Accelerator Physics Global Systems Global Systems Commissioning, Operations & Reliability Control System 8-Aug-06 23 Global Design Effort Cryogenics DoE Orbach Meeting Vancouver Cost Data System July 18, 2006 - Cost Estimates received for Regional description common e- e+ DR RTML ML BDS Exp Am Asia Eur √ e- Source √ e+ Source √ DR √ RTML Main Linac √ BDS Com, Op, Reliab √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Control System √ √ √ * √ √ √ * Cryogenics √ √ √ √ √ √ √ * √ √ √ √ Convent. Facilities √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Installation √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Instrumentation √ √ √ Cavities √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Cryomodules √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ RF √ * √ * Magnets & PS √ √ √ √ √ Dumps & Collim √ √ √ √ √ √ Vacuum Accel Phys √ = complete, √ * = almost complete, missing something minor 8-Aug-06 24 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 12
Conventional Facilities Conventional Facilities - 14july06 Q g s s s s l Q n d . p a g s r n t t e g l l n n c o n e E f e a l c t E i e a r u l l n e g e i i i a A h h r r d l t y l n r t i w g i v d t v c l t - v s s n i n e u a e t y i n e a u g f c t c e d l i e u l h d a e d n v c S e i n r . a r e l t i l a u c f i p o r s a h S s i c u i p m s 8-Aug-06 25 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting Estimated Cost of RF Unit (3 CMs) RF Unit Cost Europe Asia Americas klystrons modulator rf distrib infrastruct Europe Asia Americas 8-Aug-06 26 Global Design Effort DoE Orbach Meeting 13
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