ICCO Workshop on Cd Industry pe rspe c tive on ong oing disc ussions to e sta blish pote ntia l Cd limits in c oc oa produc ts 3- 4 Ma y 2012 1
CAOBISCO CAOBI SCO is the E uro pe a n Asso c ia tio n fo r c ho c o la te , b isc uits a nd c o nfe c tio ne ry industrie s o f E uro pe T hro ug h its Na tio na l Asso c ia tio ns CAOBI SCO re pre se nts a b o ut 2000 c ompa nie s in E uro pe . I n te rms o f ra w ma te ria ls usa g e we re pre se nt o ve r 50% o f wo rld c o c o a c o nsumptio n, 30% o f E U sug a r c o nsumptio n a nd a re the ma jo r use rs o f da iry a nd c e re a ls. CAOBI SCO industrie s a re invo lve d a t a ll le ve ls a nd with ma ny sta ke ho lde rs in wo rking to wa rds a susta ina b le c o c o a e c o no my. Our c o mmitme nt c o ve rs the thre e pilla rs o f susta ina b le de ve lo pme nt, e c o no mic , e nviro nme nta l a nd so c ia l. 2
E CA T he E uro pe a n Co c o a Asso c ia tio n is a tra de a sso c ia tio n re pre se nting the E uro pe a n c o c o a se c to r a nd re g ro uping the ma jo r c o mpa nie s invo lve d in the c o c o a b e a n tra de a nd pro c e ssing , in wa re ho using a nd re la te d lo g istic a l a c tivitie s. T o g e the r, E CA Me mb e rs re pre se nt ove r two- thirds of E urope ’s c oc oa be a ns g rinding , ha lf of E urope 's industria l c hoc ola te produc tion a nd 40 % of the world produc tion of c oc oa liquor, butte r a nd powde r. 3
E U proc e dure for se tting ma ximum limits for c onta mina nts & re sidue s L L e g isla tio n pro po se d b y the E U Commission (b a se d o n E F SA e xpo sure a sse ssme nt) Co nsulta tio n o f Pro po sa l disc usse d in E U c onta mina nts sta ke ho lde rs (industry, working g roup i.e . Natio nal He alth Ministrie s c o nsume r + E U Co mmissio n Chair g ro ups…) De c ision ma de b y the Sta nding Committe e o n F o o d a nd Anima l Cha in (E U Co mmissio n & Me mb e r Sta te s a t po litic a l le ve l) I nfo rma tio n o f All SPS na tio na l c o nta c t po ints (a t WT O) o f the ne wly a do pte d E U rule s with 3 mo nths to c o mme nt. Co c o a Pro duc ing Co untrie s thro ug h SPS a re c o nsulte d during the c o mme nting pe rio d. 4
Conta mina nts in c oc oa : Ca dmium � Wha t is Ca dmium? o He a vy me ta l o So urc e s : fo und in the na ture , from industria l a nd a g ric ultura l sourc e s . oodstuffs a re the ma in so urc e fo r c o nsume rs o F o Othe r so urc e s inc lude , e g c ig a re tte s o He a lth risks: re ta ine d a nd lo ng la sting in the kidne y a nd live r (kidne y failure and c anc e r). � Ba c kg round: Ca dmium in food • E F SA o pinio ns issue d a s o f 2009 o n Ca dmium in fo o d, inc luding c o c o a -b a se d pro duc ts (c ho c o la te & c o c o a po wde r…). E F SA e sta b lishe d a to le ra b le we e kly inta ke (T WI ) fo r c a dmium o f 2.5 µg / kg b o dy we ig ht (b .w.) in 2009. • E U Co mmissio n ta ke s E F SA o pinio ns into a c c o unt whe n ta king de c isio ns 5
Joint Ca obisc o/ E CA re se a rc h on He a vy Me ta ls in c oc oa – Pro je c t: “a pro g ra mme to c ha ra c te rize , e va lua te a nd info rm o n the sta tus o f c a dmium a nd o the r he a vy me ta ls in the c o c o a pla nt a nd the so ils it g ro ws in” – Dura tio n: from Ma rc h 2008 to June 2010 – Jo intly funde d b y the T he Ne the rla nds Ministry o f Ag ric ulture , Na ture a nd F o o d Qua lity (L NV) a nd Co c o a / Cho c o la te I ndustry – L e a ding Re se a rc h I nstitute : CABI , a n inte rna tio na l no t- fo r pro fit sc ie nc e b a se d info rma tio n a nd de ve lo pme nt o rg a nisa tio n – Pa rtne r na tio na l re se a rc h institute s in o rig in c o untrie s � De ta ile d pre se nta tion provide d by CABI, le a d re se a rc h institute 6
Othe r ong oing re se a rc h: Coc oa Re se a rc h (UK)/ Unive rsity of Re a ding “Va ria tion in upta ke a nd pa rtitioning of Ca dmium within c ontr a sting c oc oa g e notype s a nd me thods of r e duc ing Ca dmium a c c umula tion” • Ba c kg round: I n o the r c ro ps, Ca dmium a c c umula tio n kno wn to b e a ffe c te d b y so il fa c to rs a nd va rie ty b ut this info rma tio n is la c king fo r c o c o a . Bre e ding tre e c ro ps is a slo w pro c e ss b ut ne w te c hniq ue s e g g e ne tic ma rke r a ssiste d se le c tio n c a n a c c e le ra te pro g re ss • Obje c tive : T o g a in a b e tte r unde rsta nding o f the g e ne tic a nd so il/ ro o t fa c to rs a ffe c ting Cd upta ke a nd distrib utio n with the c o c o a pla nt a nd de ve lo p mo le c ula r to o ls to he lp b re e de rs se le c t va rie tie s le ss like ly to a c c umula te Cd in the ir se e ds e ve n whe n g ro wn o n Cd ric h so ils. • oa c h: c o ntro lle d g re e nho use studie s o f e ffe c t o f so il c o nditio ns Appr e g pH a nd nutrie nts o n Cd-upta ke a nd physio lo g y o f diffe re nt va rie tie s 7
Curre nt situa tion a t re g ula tory le ve l � Curre nt sta tus o f Ca dmium Ma ximum Re sidue L e ve l (MRL ) se tting in fina l c o c o a pro duc ts: � te c hnic a l disc ussio ns o n a dra ft Re g ula tion tha t c o nta ins a re visio n o f c a dmium ma ximum le ve ls (ame ndme nt o f Re gulatio n (E C) No 1881/ 2006 ) inc luding va lue s for c oc oa base d produc ts- fina l sta g e – No te tha t Cd le ve ls a re unde r disc ussio n fo r ma ny fo o dstuffs (in o rde r to re duc e o ve ra ll inta ke o f Cd) � inte rna l pro c e dure s (o the r Co mmissio n DG c o mme nts) nitia lly due to b e vo te d o n 27 th F � I e b (@ Sta nding Co mmitte e ), b ut vote postpone d to a fte r April 2012 8
Cd in c oc oa : Industry position � Propose d worka ble le ve ls for c oc oa produc ing c ountrie s: � 0.3 ppm fo r a ll c ho c o la te with c o c o a so lids <43% � 0.6 pmm fo r a ll c ho c o la te a nd c o c o a po wde r a s c o nsume d* with c o c o a so lids > o r = to 43% � Our vie w on the E U Commission proposa l: � Sug g e ste d le ve l is fa r to o lo w (i.e . 0,1 mg / kg in milk c ho c o la te ) � Pe rc e nta g e is no t in a c c o rda nc e with Cho c o la te Dire c tive � E U- sug g e ste d le ve ls will ha ve a sig nific a nt impa c t on: � I mpo rts o f c o c o a b e a ns into the E U � Orig in c ho c o la te ma rke t (milk & da rk) & c o c o a po wde r � Org a nic c ho c o la te � fa ir tra de pro duc ts * c o c o a po wde r a s c o nsume d me a ns c o c o a po wde r so ld (a s a sing le pro duc t) to the fina l c o nsume r. 9
Wha t ha s industry done so fa r? � Industry se nt 2200 monitoring da ta e ntrie s from a ll c oc oa produc ing c ountrie s to the E U � Industry outre a c h : � Commissione r Da lli of DG SANCO + his se rvic e s � Go ve rnme nt Re p. o f He a lth Ministrie s (UK , F ra nc e , I ta ly, Spa in, Be lg ium, T he Ne the rla nds…) � I ssue fla g g e d to the Ca b ine t o f T ra de Commissione r De Guc ht � I CCO – Inte rna tiona l Coc oa Org a nisa tion � COPAL ( Coc oa Produc ing Countrie s Allia nc e ) � Support re c e ive d from some E U Me mbe r Sta te s suc h a s F ra nc e a nd Swe de n 10
Wha t c a n be done now ? � by c oc oa produc ing c ountrie s � Co nta c t va rio us E U Me mbe r Sta te s � Provide da ta o n c a dmium in the ir c o c o a b e a ns – inc luding da ta o n o rg a nic a nd fa irtra de filie re (re que st fro m the E U Co mmissio n!) � Co nta c t DG T ra de a nd o the r DGs (De v, Ag ri…) � COL E ACP offe r to provide a ssista nc e � Co o rdina tio n o f da ta c olle c tion � Sc ie ntific a sse ssme nt of the da ta � Submission & dia log ue with DG He a lth a nd E U me mb e r sta te s T ime line : Submit da ta by e nd of Ma y 11
Conc lusion � Whe n disc ussing ma ximum le ve ls fo r c o nta mina nts/ re sidue s in c o c o a pro duc ts, a ll pa rtie s, inc luding the o rig in c o untrie s a nd re la te d o rg a nisa tio ns, the industry, sc ie ntific institute s, the E U Co mmissio n a nd the E U Me mb e r Sta te s, sho uld strive to se t re a so na b le ma ximum le ve ls so tha t b o th the c o nsume r’ s he a lth a nd e c o no mic g ro wth a re se c ure d. 12
T ha nk you • I f yo u ha ve a ny q ue stio ns ple a se c o nta c t: � Pa ula Byrne – Ca o b isc o � I sa b e lle Ada m - E CA 13
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