Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web
Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web A language for describing Web pages HTML HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language A markup language is a set of markup tags HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages “Hypertext” is the ability to link one page to another
Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web 1990: Original HTML specification written by physicist, Tim Early History Berners-Lee for cross-referencing documents 1993: First text-based browser, Lynx, released 1993: Mosaic browser released, adding images, nested lists, forms 1994: First World Wide Web conference held in Geneva 1994: Netscape is formed 1994: The World Wide Web Consortium is formed, w3.org
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Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web Keywords surrounded by angle brackets, for example: HTML Tag <html> HTML tags normally come in pairs, like <h1> and </h1> The first tag in a pair is the “start tag,” the second tag is the “end tag” Start and end tags are also called “opening” and “closing” tags Some tags, such as <img> , are self-closing
Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web An HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end HTML Element tag. For example: <p>This is a paragraph.</p> Start tag: <p> Element content: This is a paragraph. End tag: </p>
Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web HTML documents describe web pages HTML Documents All they consist of is HTML tags in plain text Networked HTML documents are web pages Recommended plain text editors: Sublime Text and Visual Studio Code
Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web Web browsers read HTML documents and display them as Web Browsers web pages Web browsers do not display HTML tags, but use them to interpret the content of the page This is where most of our drawing will happen. Current browsers include: • Firefox • Safari • Chrome • Edge • Opera • Tor • Brave
Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web This is where we will publish our projects during the semester i6 Web Server A server is just a computer that is always on, ready to serve files when they are requested i6 is a secure, Unix-based Web server You will receive an email with your account information (if you don’t already have one) Your URL will be: i6.cims.nyu.edu/~ netid
Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web Web pages are usually created “locally” on a personal SFTP: SSH (Secure) File Transfer Protocol computer, then uploaded to a web server A web page is not publicly accessible until it’s published to a web server An FTP client is used to transfer files from a personal computer to a server Cyberduck, WinSCP, Transmit, and FileZilla are a few FTP clients to choose from “Local” files are those on a personal computer, “remote” files are those on a web server—“live”
Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web Standard file permission: File Permissions 644 Owner can read and write file; group can read file; others can read file Standard directory permission: 755 Owner can read, write and execute file; group can read and execute file; others can read and execute file
Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web First version published in 2008, HTML5 is the latest HTML HTML5 standard. It became an official W3C recommendation as of October 2014. • New elements • New attributes • Full CSS3 support • Video and audio • 2D and 3D graphics • Web applications
Hypertext Markup Language Drawing on the Web 1995, Jodi Misconfigured ASCII Drawing wwwwwwwww.jodi.org
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