& Hygiene in HCF, with a focus on climate Session 1 11th March - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

SEARO O NLINE T RAINING Improving Water, Sanitation & Hygiene in HCF, with a focus on climate Session 1 11th March 2020

A framework for building Climate Resilient and Environmentally Sustainable health care facilities Elena Villalobos Prats Carlos Corvalan

Pathways of climate change and human health

Pathways of climate change and human health Social infrastructure Social Infrastructure Direct exposures • Flood damage • Storm, drought Direct exposures: vulnerability Flood damage • Heat stress Storm vulnerability Climate Heat stress change Indirect exposures Mediated through Indirect exposures: natural systems: • Precipitation Mediated through • Heat • Disease vectors natural systems: • Flood • Water scarcity Health Allergens; • Storm impacts • Increased water/air Disease vectors, • Drought pollution Increase water/air • Increased pollution • Undernutrition water • Heart disease temperature • Injuries Economic and • Vector-borne social Via economic and diseases disruption: social disruption • Infectious Food production/ • Food production diseases distribution and distribution Mental stress • Migration • Mental stress Modified from Smith 2014

IPCC: The health of human Social infrastructure populations is sensitive to shifts in Social weather patterns and other aspects Infrastructure Direct exposures of climate change (very high • Flood damage confidence) • Storm, drought Direct exposures: vulnerability Flood damage • Heat stress Storm vulnerability Climate Heat stress change Indirect exposures Mediated through Indirect exposures: natural systems: • Precipitation Mediated through • Heat • Disease vectors natural systems: • Flood • Water scarcity Health Allergens; • Storm impacts • Increased water/air Disease vectors, • Drought pollution Increase water/air • Increased water pollution • Undernutrition temperature • Heart disease • Injuries Economic and • Vector-borne social Via economic and diseases disruption: social disruption • Infectious Food production/ • Food production diseases distribution and distribution Mental stress • Migration • Mental stress Modified from Smith 2014

Social infrastructure Social Infrastructure Direct exposures • Flood damage Environmental • Storm, drought conditions Direct exposures: vulnerability Flood damage • Heat stress Storm vulnerability Climate Heat stress change Indirect exposures Mediated through Indirect exposures: natural systems: • Precipitatio Mediated through n • Disease vectors natural systems: • Heat • Water scarcity Health Allergens; • Flood impacts • Increased water/air Disease vectors, • Storm pollution Increase water/air • Drought pollution • Undernutrition • Increased • Baseline weather • Heart disease water • Injuries • Baseline air/ water Economic and temperature • Vector-borne quality social Via economic and diseases disruption: • Geography social disruption • Infectious Food production/ • Food production • Soil/dust diseases distribution and distribution Mental stress • Migration • Vegetation • Mental stress Modified from Smith 2014

Mediating factors Social infrastructure Social Infrastructure Public health Direct exposures capability and • Flood damage Environmental adaptation • Storm, drought conditions Direct exposures: • Socioeconomic vulnerability Flood damage • Heat stress status Storm vulnerability • Health and Climate Heat stress nutrition status change Indirect exposures • Primary health Mediated through care Indirect exposures: natural systems: • Early warning • Precipitatio Mediated through n systems • Disease vectors natural systems: • Heat • Climate resilient • Water scarcity Health Allergens; • Flood impacts • Increased water/air health systems Disease vectors, • Storm & HCF contamination Increase water/air • Drought pollution • Undernutrition • Increased • Baseline weather • Heart disease water • Injuries • Baseline air/ water Economic and temperature • Vector-borne quality social Via economic and diseases disruption: • Geography social disruption • Infectious Food production/ • Food production • Soil/dust diseases distribution and distribution Mental stress • Migration • Vegetation • Mental stress Modified from Smith 2014

Mediating factors IPCC: In recent decades, Social infrastructure climate change has Social contributed to levels of ill Infrastructure Public health Direct exposures health (likely) though the capability and • Flood damage Environmental present worldwide burden of adaptation • Storm, drought conditions Direct exposures: ill health from climate change • Socioeconomic vulnerability Flood damage • Heat stress status is relatively small compared Storm vulnerability • Health and with other stressors on Climate Heat stress nutrition status change Indirect exposures health and is not well • Primary health Mediated through quantified care • Precipitation Indirect exposures: natural systems: • Early warning • Heat Mediated through systems • Disease vectors • Flood natural systems: • Resilient health • Water scarcity Health • Storm Allergens; impacts • Increased water/air systems & HCF • Drought Disease vectors, • Increased contamination Increase water/air water pollution • Undernutrition • Baseline weather temperature • Heart disease • Injuries • Baseline air/ water Economic and • Vector-borne quality social Via economic and diseases disruption: • Geography social disruption • Infectious Food production/ • Food production • Soil/dust diseases distribution and distribution Mental stress • Migration • Vegetation • Mental stress Modified from Smith 2014

In summary IPCC: The most effective measures Mediating factors to reduce vulnerability in the near Social infrastructure term are programs that implement Social and improve basic public health Infrastructure Public health Direct exposures measures such as provision of • Flood damage capability and Environmental clean water and sanitation, secure • Storm, drought adaptation conditions Direct exposures: essential health care including • Socioeconomic vulnerability Flood damage • Heat stress vaccination and child health status Storm vulnerability • Health and services, increase capacity for Climate Heat stress nutrition status change disaster preparedness and Indirect exposures • Primary health Mediated through response, and alleviate poverty care Indirect exposures: natural systems: • Precipitation • Early warning (very high confidence) Mediated through • Heat • Disease vectors systems natural systems: • Resilient health • Flood Health • Water scarcity Allergens; • Storm systems & HCF impacts • Increased water/air Disease vectors, • Drought contamination Increase water/air • Increased pollution • Undernutrition water • Baseline weather • Heart disease temperature • Injuries • Baseline air/ water Economic and • Vector-borne quality social Via economic and diseases disruption: • Geography social disruption • Infectious Food production/ • Food production • Soil/dust diseases distribution and distribution Mental stress • Migration • Vegetation • Mental stress Modified from Smith 2014

Building climate resilient and environmentally sustainable health care facilities: Framework elements

Global environment Health Care Facilities Climate change Healthy people

GHGs Global environment Health Care Facilities Wastes Air pollution Climate change Water Sanitation Healthy Chemicals people GHGs

Health Care Settings Goal: “ all health care facilities and services are environmentally sustainable: using safely managed water and sanitation services and clean energy; sustainably managing their waste and procuring goods in a sustainable manner; are resilient to extreme weather events; and capable of protecting the health, safety and security of the health workforce ” WHO global strategy on health, environment and climate change (2019)

Global environment Sustainable Resilient to Protecting the Safely managed waste extreme health, safety management water and weather and security of sanitation events the health services workforce Clean energy and low-carbon health care Climate-resilient and environmentally sustainable Health Care Facilities Sustainable procurement Climate change Sustainable infrastructure Healthy and people technologies

Environmental requirements for safe and quality care Health care facilities Climate change: Healthcare workers • Floods, Healthy • Droughts, WASH • Fires, people, • Storms, Healthy • Temperature environment extremes, Energy • Sea-level rise • Climate Infrastructure & sensitive technologies diseases outbreaks

Climate resilient health care facilities Climate resilient health care facilities are those that are capable to anticipate, respond to, cope with, recover from and adapt to climate-related shocks and stress, so as to bring ongoing and sustained health care to their target populations, despite an unstable climate