Hadron P adron Physics hysics at at Lars Schmitt, GSI Hadron 2011, Munich, June 17 2011 FAIR and PANDA Hadron Spectroscopy Hadron Structure Outlook: Beyond PANDA
Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research HESR 100 m PANDA FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
Characteristics of FAIR Physics pillars: Primary beams Nuclear structure, HI physics, atomic & plasma U up to 35 AGeV physics, material science and bio physics, Protons up to 30 GeV/c hadron physics with p 100-1000x more Secondary beams Broad range of rare isotopes, 10000x more p: 0-15 GeV/c Storage and cooler rings Existing Radioactive beams e-- A (or p - A) collider Antiprotons New FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
Characteristics of FAIR Physics pillars: Primary beams Nuclear structure, HI physics, atomic & plasma U up to 35 AGeV physics, material science and bio physics, Protons up to 30 GeV/c hadron physics with p 100-1000x more 2012: Ground breaking Secondary beams Broad range of rare 2018: First Beams isotopes, 10000x more p: 0-15 GeV/c Storage and cooler rings Existing Radioactive beams e-- A (or p - A) collider Antiprotons New FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
High Energy Storage Ring HESR Parameters HESR Storage ring for internal target Initially also used for accumulation Electron cooler Injection of p at 3.7 GeV/c Slow synchrotron (1.5-15 GeV/c) PANDA Luminosity up to L~ 2x10 32 cm -2 s -1 Cooling (stochastic & electrons) Energy resolution ~50 keV Injection FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
Physics Goals of PANDA Hadron Spectroscopy Spectroscopy Hadron Observables: masses, widths & quantum numbers J PC of resonances Charm Hadrons : charmonia, D-mesons, charm baryons ➔ Understand new XYZ states, D s (2317) and others Exotic QCD States : glueballs, hybrids, multi-quarks Spectroscopy with Antiprotons: Production of states of all quantum numbers Resonance scanning with high resolution FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
Physics Goals of PANDA Hadron Spectroscopy Spectroscopy Hadron Observables: masses, widths & quantum numbers J PC of resonances Charm Hadrons : charmonia, D-mesons, charm baryons ➔ Understand new XYZ states, D s (2317) and others Exotic QCD States : glueballs, hybrids, multi-quarks Spectroscopy with Antiprotons: Production of states of all quantum numbers Resonance scanning with high resolution Hadron Structure Structure Hadron Generalized Parton Distributions ➔ Formfactors and structure functions, L q Timelike Nucleon Formfactors Drell-Yan Process FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
Physics Goals of PANDA Hadron Spectroscopy Spectroscopy Hadron Observables: masses, widths & quantum numbers J PC of resonances Charm Hadrons : charmonia, D-mesons, charm baryons ➔ Understand new XYZ states, D s (2317) and others Exotic QCD States : glueballs, hybrids, multi-quarks Spectroscopy with Antiprotons: Production of states of all quantum numbers Resonance scanning with high resolution Hadron Structure Structure Hadron Generalized Parton Distributions ➔ Formfactors and structure functions, L q Timelike Nucleon Formfactors Drell-Yan Process Nuclear Physics Nuclear Physics Hypernuclei : Production of double Λ-hypernuclei ➔ γ-spectroscopy of hypernuclei, YY interaction Hadrons in Nuclear Medium FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
The PANDA Experiment FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
The PANDA Experiment Detector requirements : 4π acceptance High rate capability: 2x10 7 s -1 interactions Efficient event selection ➔ Continuous acquisition Momentum resolution ~1% Vertex info for D, K 0 S , Y (cτ = 317 µm for D ± ) ➔ Good tracking Good PID (γ, e, µ, π, K, p) ➔ Cherenkov, ToF, dE/dx γ-detection 1 MeV – 10 GeV ➔ Crystal Calorimeter FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
The PANDA Experiment TARGET SPECTROMETER FORWARD SPECTROMETER Solenoid Target Dipole p -Beam FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
The PANDA Experiment TARGET SPECTROMETER FORWARD SPECTROMETER Central GEM Straw Chambers Micro Vertex Tracker Tracker FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
The PANDA Experiment TARGET SPECTROMETER FORWARD SPECTROMETER Disc DIRC Muon ID RICH Muon PWO Crystal Forward Range Barrel DIRC Barrel ToF Calorimeters ToF System FAIR and PANDA L. Schmitt, GSI
Hadron Spectroscopy L. Schmitt, GSI
Aims of Spectroscopy Experiment : Systematic determination of particle properties Mass Lifetime or width of resonance Quantum number J PC Theory : Calculation of spectra Knowing interaction allows prediction Tuning accounting for experimental data Final aim: Understand composition and dynamics of matter In QCD we are still far away from precision of QED Hadron Spectroscopy L. Schmitt, GSI
Spectroscopy with Antiprotons Spectroscopy with antiprotons CBall p p machine allows ΔE ~ 50 keV (beam) Crystal Ball ev./2 MeV 100 E835 χ c1 vs. ΔE ~5 MeV in e + e − (detector) 1000 e + e − directly produces only J PC = 1 −− (γ) E 835 ev./pb others via ISR and other higher orders p p accesses all states Resolution with antiprotons E CM 3500 3510 3520 MeV Resonance scan: Energy resolution ~50 keV Tune E CM to probe resonance E CM Get precise mass and width Hadron Spectroscopy L. Schmitt, GSI
Quarkonia and Confinement C 1 fm C Properties of Quarkonia Mass gaps much smaller than m Q Q ➔ Non-relativistic bound systems due to the large mass of Q R Q Multiple scales: m >> mv~1/R >> mv 2 v ~Λ QCD (v small) Quarkonium Spectroscopy At zero T: probe non-perturbative, perturbative and transition region Quarkonia in matter At finite T: color screening in QGP ➔ Tool to understand confinement Hadron Spectroscopy L. Schmitt, GSI
Charmonium Spectroscopy C 1 fm C Status below D D threshold Charmonium J PC =1 -- well measured Positronium of QCD: Potential of c c calculable Low resolution on J PC =0 -+ states η c ' was rediscovered 40 MeV higher ➔ Prediction of states Low statistics on h c m(MeV/c 2 ) Hadron Spectroscopy L. Schmitt, GSI
New Charmonium States C 1 fm C Renaissance in Charmonium Spectroscopy: Belle, BaBar, CLEO, CDF and D0 find new states above D D Many of these states are problematic: mass not predicted, width too small, decay pattern unusual Challenge for better understanding and high precision data State Experiments Nature/Remarks X(3872) Belle, BaBar, CDF, D0 D 0 D 0 * molecule, 4-quark state X(3943) Belle maybe η ‘‘c Y(3940) Belle maybe 23 P 1 Z(3930) Belle maybe χ‘ c2 Y(4260) BaBar, Belle, CLEO-c Hybrid, ωχ c1 -molecule, 4q state Y(4350) BaBar, Belle ? Z ± (4430) Belle No charged c c, molecule or 4q state Y(4660) Belle ? Hadron Spectroscopy L. Schmitt, GSI
D-Meson Spectroscopy Heavy mesons like H-atom: Heavy quark surrounded by light quark ordered by property of light quark approximate j degeneracy ➔ Spectroscopic predictions ➔ Works fairly well in c( u/d) system Hadron Spectroscopy L. Schmitt, GSI
D-Meson Spectroscopy m [GeV/c 2 ] j=L+s L J=j+s H D s1 }j=3/2 D*K D s2 }j=1/2 * Heavy mesons like H-atom: D sJ (2460) D 0 K Heavy quark surrounded by light quark D sJ * ordered by property of light quark D s * (2317) approximate j degeneracy D s ➔ Spectroscopic predictions ➔ Works fairly well in c( u/d) system 0 − 1 − 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 − J P D s mesons surprise D s0 (2317) → D s + π 0 , but not D s + π + π – Recent narrow D s0 (2317) and D s1 (2460) D s1 (2460) in D s + π 0 γ, D s + γ , D s + π + π – do not fit theoretical calculations. Experimentally well established Quantum numbers for the newest states Nature unclear: 4q states, molecules? D sJ (2700) and D sJ (2880) open Hadron Spectroscopy L. Schmitt, GSI
Baryon Spectroscopy Baryon Spectroscopy in PANDA Large cross section, no extra mesons 4π acceptance for charged and neutral Displaced vertex tagging N and Δ Baryons N* spectrum not understood Missing resonances Strange Baryons Little known about Ξ and Ω resonances Hardly any progress since 20 years Charmed Baryons Narrow widths of resonances Rich spectrum of states J PC not yet all measured Testing ground for HQET Hadron Spectroscopy L. Schmitt, GSI
Exotic Hadrons Exotic Hadrons Normal hadrons: (q q ) or (qqq) Gluonic degrees of freedom: Hybrid mesons (q q g) Glueballs Multi-quark states Molecules Exotic mesons can have exotic quantum numbers Mesons, Baryons Multi-quarks Hybrids Glueballs Hadron Spectroscopy L. Schmitt, GSI
Exotic Hadrons Charm Spectroscopy Exotic Hadrons Charm quark: m c >> m u,d,s Normal hadrons: (q q ) or (qqq) ➔ Perturbative to strong coupling Gluonic degrees of freedom: Hybrid mesons (q q g) Charm Hybrids Glueballs c -states narrow, understood Multi-quark states Little interference of c c g & c c -states Molecules Mass 4–4.5 GeV, c c g narrow, Exotic mesons can have exotic ~ σ( p p → c c ) quantum numbers Mesons, Baryons Multi-quarks Hybrids Glueballs Hadron Spectroscopy L. Schmitt, GSI
Hadron S adron Structure tructure L. Schmitt, GSI
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