Gaming With COPS A Content Centric Communication Infrastructure for Gaming Applications Authors: Jiachen Chen, Mayutan Arumaithurai, Xiaoming Fu ( University of Goettingen, Germany ), K.K. Ramakrishnan ( AT&T Labs-Research, USA ) Presenter: Jiachen Chen J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 1 Outline • Motivation • Content-Oriented Publish/Subscribe • Hierarchy Creation • Hierarchical Publish/Subscribe • Conclusion & Future Work • Q&A J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 2
Outline • Motivation • Content-Oriented Publish/Subscribe • Hierarchy Creation • Hierarchical Publish/Subscribe • Conclusion & Future Work • Q&A J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 3 Motivation • Massively Multiplayer Online Role Play Gaming (MMORPG) – High interactivity • World of Warcraft • Counter Strike • Quake – Persistent view of the world • Second Life J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 4
Motivation • Communication model: – Client-Server: • Server takes the responsibility for update dissemination • Limited server resources: – Interactive experience – Players that interact – P2P: • Peers store objects in DHT, query object state using gossip • Management overhead • Network overhead J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 5 Motivation • Communication model: – Client-Server: • Server takes the responsibility for update dissemination • Limited server resources: – Interactive experience – Players that interact – P2P: • Peers store objects in DHT, query object state using gossip • Management overhead • Network overhead We need a communication infrastructure that is: Decentralized • Aware of network topology • J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 6
Motivation • Map partitioning – Quake [C/S] • Binary space partition – Second Life [C/S] • 7,000 servers simulating 16 acres each – Colyseus [P2P] • State partitioning & execution partitioning J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 7 Motivation • Map partitioning is good for update filtering: J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 8
Motivation • But there are cases: – Size of vision might differ according to altitude J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 9 Motivation • But there are cases: – Size of vision might differ according to altitude J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 10
Motivation • Hierarchical map partitioning top Map Layer 1 2 Region Layer 1/1 1/2 2/1 2/2 Zone Layer 1/4 1/3 2/4 2/3 J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 11 Motivation • The communication infrastructure should be: – Decentralized – Topology aware – Support hierarchical map partitioning J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 12
Motivation • The communication infrastructure should be: – Decentralized – Topology aware – Support hierarchical map partitioning Gaming over COPS (GoCOPS) J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 13 Outline • Motivation • Content-Oriented Publish/Subscribe • Hierarchy Creation • Hierarchical Publish/Subscribe • Conclusion & Future Work • Q&A J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 14
Content-Oriented Pub/Sub • Content Centric Network (CCN/NDN) – Host centric � Content Centric – Hierarchical human-readable ContentName • E.g. /conf/papers/NDN.pdf – Interest & Data packets • Query/Response model J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 15 Content-Oriented Pub/Sub • Content Centric Network (CCN/NDN) – Forwarding Engine • Forwarding Information Base (FIB) • Pending Interest Table (PIT) • Content Store J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 16
Content-Oriented Pub/Sub • Content-Oriented Pub/Sub (COPS) – Hierarchical Content Descriptor ( CD ) • E.g. /sports/football – Push based dissemination • Rendezvous-Point based multicast R 3 Pub 3 R 2 1 2 6 3 4 R 8 8 R 1 3 3 R 4 H 2 H 2 R 7 R 7 3 4 4 R R 9 3 FIB for /R7 5 5 4 1 1 ST for /multicast/sports R 6 9 R 5 H H 1 ST for /multicast/sports/football J J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. J. J. J. J. Che he hen, he he n, n, n, , “ ug. g. 1 2, g 1-2 2 2 2 2011 17 Content-Oriented Pub/Sub • Content-Oriented Pub/Sub (COPS) – Forwarding Engine • Forwarding Information Base (FIB) • Pending Interest Table (PIT) • Content Store • Subscription Table Subscription Table Prefix Face list /sports 0,1 /sports/football 1 /sports/basketball 0 J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 18
Outline • Motivation • Content-Oriented Publish/Subscribe • Hierarchy Creation • Hierarchical Publish/Subscribe • Conclusion & Future Work • Q&A J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 19 Hierarchy Creation • Create a leaf CD for every zone 1/1 1/2 2/1 2/2 1/4 1/3 2/4 2/3 / /1 /2 /1/1 /1/2 /1/3 /1/4 /1/1 /1/2 /1/3 /1/4 J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 20
Hierarchy Creation • Create a /0 for every non-leaf CD 1/1 1/2 2/1 2/2 1/4 1/3 2/4 2/3 / /0 /1 /2 /1/0 /1/1 /1/2 /1/3 /1/4 /2/0 /1/1 /1/2 /1/3 /1/4 J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 21 Hierarchy Creation • Create a /0 for every non-leaf CD Satellite: � Location: 0 Plane: � Location: 1/0 Soldier: � Location: 1/2 J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 22
Outline • Motivation • Content-Oriented Publish/Subscribe • Hierarchy Creation • Hierarchical Publish/Subscribe • Conclusion & Future Work • Q&A J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 23 Hierarchical Publish/Subscribe • Publish – Leaf CD of the area the object is in • Subscribe – Area he is in – All the /0 s along the hierarchy J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 24
Hierarchical Publish/Subscribe • Example Satellite: � Location: 0 � Pub: /0 � Sub: / Plane: � Location: 1/0 � Pub: /1/0 � Sub: /1, /0 0 Soldier: � Location: 1/2 � Pub: /1/2 � Sub: /1/2, 1/0, /0 J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 25 Outline • Motivation • Content-Oriented Publish/Subscribe • Hierarchy Creation • Hierarchical Publish/Subscribe • Conclusion & Future Work • Q&A J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 26
Conclusion • GoCOPS: a communication infrastructure for gaming – Hierarchical map partition – Decentralized – Networking-layer J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 27 Future Work • Networking layer: – Automatic Rendezvous-Point load balancing • Application layer: – Player offline/move support • Evaluation: – Compare content oriented GoCops vs. IP server/P2P based solutions J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 28
Any Questions? Thank you! J. Chen, “Gaming with COPS", EuroView 2011, Aug. 1-2, 2011. 29
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