' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Environments Jose’ C. Cunha Departament of Computer Science Faculty of Science and Technology New University of Lisbon, Portugal (jcc@di.fct.unl.pt) & % October 2000
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 1 st part: � 1 Index nd part: � 2 nd part: � 3 Problem-Solving Environments nd part: � 4 Requirements for Future Generations of PSE r d part: � 5 Dimensions in PSE Development An Experience Towards Dynamic PSE & % Conclusions
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 2 � Integrated environment supporting: Problem–Solving Environments � development and execution steps � to solve problems in a given application domain � with easy access by an end–user ˘ an entire life cycle & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 3 � Tools to help problem specification, design, analysis, verification, Development Steps evaluation: ˘ Rapid prototyping ˘ Dependent on a specific domain ˘ Expert assistance & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 4 � To interact with ongoing experiments, Execution Steps � by controlling and monitoring � Activities performed on multiple heterogeneous components (application–specific and generic tools): ˘ selection, evaluation and testing ˘ configuration, activation, interconnection & % ˘ monitoring, controlling
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 5 � Parallel problem solvers Hetereogeneous Collection of Interconnected Components � Expert assistance tools � Tools for data processing, interpretation, visualization � Tools for monitoring and computational steering � Online access to large databases and scientific devices & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 6 � Complex simulation models Requirements for Future Generations of PSE � Large volume of input or generated data � Difficult of their interpretation and classification & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 7 � Higher Degrees of User Interaction End-user and Application Requirements � Intelligence and Expert Assistance Tools � Multidisciplinary Nature of the Applications & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 8 � Higher Degrees of User Interaction ˘ User interfaces at distinct abstraction levels ˘ Increased flexibility in user and component interaction ˘ More advanced computational steering and visualization ˘ User driven and agent driven steering ˘ Distinct operation modes (offline/online data interpretation or visualization), dynamically selected by the user & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 9 � Intelligence and Expert Assistance Tools � During development time (correctness/performance) ˘ Support for the development and the execution steps � During execution time (impact of parameter modification upon system ˘ Advisoring/explaining tools to assist the user behavior) ˘ Search for a balance between automated intelligent tools and an adequate level of user interaction & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 10 � Multidisciplinary Nature of the Applications ˘ Support for interaction between distinct sub-models ˘ Support for distributed collaborative environments & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 11 � Infrastructures for PSE PSE System Requirements � Software Architectures � Support for building PSEs � Dynamic configuration and coordination isses & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 12 � Infrastructures for PSE ˘ Low-level and middleware layers: towards meta-level distributed operating systems and services ˘ Heterogeneity at the component level ˘ Operation at small and large scales ˘ Security issues ˘ Resource management and system configuration & % ˘ Cluster and metacomputing
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 13 � Software Architectures ˘ To adapt the PSE and the tools according to the user’s interest ˘ Based on reuse of components and their dynamic modification ˘ Models for abstract specification of PSE ˘ Tools to reason about global system properties ˘ Tools to support transformation between software level & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 14 � Support for building PSEs ˘ From manually assembled PSEs ˘ Towards automating their generation ˘ To handle their increased flexibility, complexity and size ˘ Meta environments for generating specific working PSEs & %
' $ � Dynamic configuration and coordination isses Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 15 ˘ Dynamic component integration ˘ Modification of their interaction patterns ˘ Rely on the design of abstract interaction patterns ˘ Rely on dynamic reconfiguration of software architectures ˘ Raise new component and tool coordination issues ˘ Multiple users concurrently join ongoing experiments with distinct roles (observers, controllers) ˘ Provide consistency among views & % ˘ Provide answers to the distributed and dynamic nature of PSE components ˘ Provide answers to the need to dynamically adjust their interactions,
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 16 depending on the user needs, the evolution of the experiments, and the system behavior & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 17 Dimensions in PSE Development & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 18 Application Components Coordination T Software Architecture O PSE Monitoring and O Control L & % Resource Manag. Interconnection S Infrastructures Figure 1: Conceptual Layers
' $ � Coordination Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 19 ˘ Represent and manage patterns of interaction among components � Software Architecture ˘ Define cooperation and communication models ˘ Guarantees of consistency ˘ High-level specification of components, their composition, their interactions, for a given problem ˘ Modeling and reasoning on the global structure and behavior � Description of system structure and analysis of system behavior ˘ Semantics of interactions through the component connectors � Incremental refinement and composition of architectures & % ˘ Specification languages for:
' $ � Monitoring and Control Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 20 ˘ Observation and control of distributed computations ˘ Distributed monitoring � Resource Management and Interconnection Services ˘ Computational steering ˘ Advanced visualization ˘ Configuration of parallel and distributed heterogeneous virtual machines ˘ Activation of component instances & % ˘ Mapping and load balancing ˘ Local scale and large scale operations ˘ Management of metacomputing resources
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 21 � Infrastructures ˘ Component interconnection ˘ Examples: Globus, Distributed Computational Labs, Generic PSEs & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 22 � Current status Global Research Directions � Coperation with scientists / engineers � Identification of user/application requirements � Early and incremental development of prototypes ˘ Build PSE for specific domains � Quick user feedback & % ˘ Make them evolve towards advanced PSE to ease development and execution of complex applications
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 23 � Ongoing efforts ˘ Generic PSE to be tailored to specific problem domains ˘ Tools for the more/less automatic generation of application–specific PSE ˘ Integration of numeric, symbolic, multimedia, intelligent knowledge processing and discovery, database components & %
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 24 � More flexible and dynamic PSE Goals of Research at UNL � A framework to support parallel and distributed PSEs: ˘ Flexible and extensible tools for observation and control services � To use the framework to implement prototypes of specific PSEs and ˘ Study the requirements for dynamic PSEs, their impact upon their software architecture, and the required coordination models & % evaluate application scenarios to assess dynamic configuration and coordination issues
' $ Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 25 � First based on a multidisciplinary Project An Experiment Towards Dynamic PSEs at UNL ˘ Framework to support Parallel and Distributed PSE ˘ Tridimensional Optimal Layout of WasteWater Treatment Plants (WWTP) & %
' $ � Global Issues Future Generations of Problem-Solving Envrionments 26 � distinct programming / computational models � distinct / hybrid problem–solving strategies ˘ Integration of separate/distributed/heterogeneous components ˘ Parallel and distributed processing ˘ Interactive / adaptive control ˘ Easy access by the end–user in problem specification, development and execution control & % ˘ Dynamic reconfiguration ˘ Multiple cooperative users
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