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FSL: A Program Logic for C11 Memory Fences Marko Doko Viktor Vafeiadis Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS) VMCAI 2016 Why C11? Oddities of weak memory W( ,0) W( ,0)

  1. FSL: A Program Logic for C11 Memory Fences Marko Doko Viktor Vafeiadis Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS) VMCAI 2016

  2. Why C11? Oddities of weak memory W( ① ,0) W( ② ,0) ① ❂ ✵❀ ② ❂ ✵❀ ① ❂ ✶❀ ② ❂ ✶❀ W( ① ,1) W( ② ,1) ♣r✐♥t ②❀ ♣r✐♥t ①❀ R( ② ,0) R( ① ,0) 1

  3. Why C11? Oddities of weak memory W( ① ,0) W( ② ,0) ① ❂ ✵❀ ② ❂ ✵❀ ① ❂ ✶❀ ② ❂ ✶❀ W( ① ,1) W( ② ,1) ♣r✐♥t ②❀ ♣r✐♥t ①❀ Both threads can print 0! R( ② ,0) R( ① ,0) 2

  4. Why C11? Oddities of weak memory W( ① ,0) W( ② ,0) ① ❂ ✵❀ ② ❂ ✵❀ ① ❂ ✶❀ ② ❂ ✶❀ W( ① ,1) W( ② ,1) ♣r✐♥t ②❀ ♣r✐♥t ①❀ Both threads can print 0! R( ② ,0) R( ① ,0) 3

  5. Why C11? Oddities of weak memory W( ① ,0) sb W( ② ,0) ① ❂ ✵❀ sb sb ② ❂ ✵❀ ① ❂ ✶❀ ② ❂ ✶❀ W( ① ,1) W( ② ,1) ♣r✐♥t ②❀ ♣r✐♥t ①❀ sb sb Both threads can print 0! R( ② ,0) R( ① ,0) sb – sequenced-before 4

  6. Why C11? Oddities of weak memory W( ① ,0) sb W( ② ,0) ① ❂ ✵❀ sb sb rf ② ❂ ✵❀ ① ❂ ✶❀ ② ❂ ✶❀ W( ① ,1) W( ② ,1) ♣r✐♥t ②❀ ♣r✐♥t ①❀ rf sb sb Both threads can print 0! R( ② ,0) R( ① ,0) sb – sequenced-before rf – reads-from 5

  7. ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ ⑥ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ⑥ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ C11 model through examples 6

  8. ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ⑥ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ C11 model through examples ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 1 ✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ 7

  9. ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ⑥ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ C11 model through examples ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 1 ✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ race ⑥ 8

  10. ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ⑥ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ C11 model through examples ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 1 2 ✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① rlx ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ① rlx ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ race ⑥ ⑥ 9

  11. ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ⑥ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ C11 model through examples ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 1 2 ✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① rlx ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ① rlx ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ race race ⑥ ⑥ 10

  12. ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ C11 model through examples ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 1 2 ✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① rlx ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ① rlx ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ race race ⑥ ⑥ 3 ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① acq ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① rel ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ 11

  13. ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ C11 model through examples ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 1 2 ✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① rlx ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ① rlx ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ race race ⑥ ⑥ 3 ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① acq ❂❂ ✶✮④ rf ① rel ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ 12

  14. ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ ❀ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ C11 model through examples ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 1 2 ✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① rlx ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ① rlx ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ race race ⑥ ⑥ 3 ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① acq ❂❂ ✶✮④ rf ① rel ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ sync ⑥ 13

  15. C11 model through examples ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 1 2 ✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① rlx ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ① rlx ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ race race ⑥ ⑥ 3 ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 4 ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① acq ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① rlx ❂❂ ✶✮④ rf ① rel ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ rel ❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ acq ❀ sync ⑥ ① rlx ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ 14

  16. C11 model through examples ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 1 2 ✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① rlx ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ① rlx ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ race race ⑥ ⑥ 3 ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 4 ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① acq ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① rlx ❂❂ ✶✮④ rf ① rel ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ rel ❀ rf ❢❡♥❝❡ acq ❀ sync ⑥ ① rlx ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ 15

  17. C11 model through examples ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 1 2 ✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① rlx ❂❂ ✶✮④ ① ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ① rlx ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ race race ⑥ ⑥ 3 ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ 4 ✐♥t ❛ ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛t♦♠✐❝❴✐♥t ① ❂ ✵❀ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① acq ❂❂ ✶✮④ ❛ ❂ ✹✷❀ ✐❢✭① rlx ❂❂ ✶✮④ rf ① rel ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ❢❡♥❝❡ rel ❀ rf ❢❡♥❝❡ acq ❀ sync sync ⑥ ① rlx ❂ ✶❀ ♣r✐♥t✭❛✮❀ ⑥ 16

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