Food losses and waste in Fresh Fruit & Vegetables supply chains Indonesia “Quick Scan commissioned by Agricultural Counsellor of the Royal Dutch Embassy, Jakarta ”
Food losses versus food waste Quick Scan: focus on food losses & best practices
Scale of the problem • Total horticulture (fruit & vegetables) production Indonesia 2013: 31,559,022 tonnes • Total Indonesian export FFV products 2014: 189,072 tonnes (less than 1 % of total production) • Estimated food losses internal market (28% FAO) 2014: 8,836,526 tonnes kg
Hot spots in supply chains transport Farmer sorting/grading transport transport pack house trader transport pack house collector transport Retail/traditional market whole sale market
Causes of food losses & solutions according to stakeholders
1. Initial FFV product quality (“Garbage in = garbage out”) 2. Cold chain management & storage 3. Post-Harvest Handling, packaging, logistics (connectivity)
No 1 cause of food losses according to traders in Indonesia: Initial FFV product quality
Importance of Initial product quality at harvest Higher product quality at harvest: lower losses in the chain “garbage in garbage out”
….Quality is built at the farm… and decreases in the supply chain
Current best practices SOLUTIONS FOR REDUCTION Development extension teams by producers • Capacity building farmers that are also traders. Coaching and support services for inclusion of small farmers in their • Organizing farmers’ groups supply chains for export and modern markets. • Access to high quality farm inputs • (financial) incentives for quality • Access to finance
No 2 cause of food losses according to traders in Indonesia: Cold chain infrastructure, management & storage
Absence of cold chain (storage) with farmers and downstream in supply chain
Current best practices SOLUTIONS FOR REDUCTION Start cold chain implementation and modern • Investment in cold chain (storage) pack houses in export supply chains and chains facilities for modern markets. • Farmers organizations; economies of scale • Create awareness: need for cold chain • Access to finance
No 3 cause of food losses according to traders in Indonesia: Post-Harvest handling, packaging, logistics (connectivity)
Quality controlled logistics ?
SOLUTIONS FOR REDUCTION Current best practices • Introduction of packaging like plastic crates. • Post harvest training farmers • Plans of government to quickly • Create awareness on need for upgrade and invest in infrastructure packaging • Customizing and introduction effective packaging concepts • Access to finance • Investments in infrastructure
FFV Supply Chain stakeholders; roles and responsibilities FARMER COLLECTOR WHOLESALE TRADER RETAIL CONSUMER MARKET Food losses… Whose problem… ? FARM INPUT PACKAGING TRANSPORTERS TRANSPORTERS SUPPLIERS SUPPLIERS GOVERNMENT
Food loses: whose problem? (conclusions quick scan) 1. Risk and cost food losses are transferred throughout the supply chain, upstream to farmers. 2. No awareness on economic benefits reducing food losses (let alone social and environmental issues food losses). 3. Absence of problem owner food losses ? Who feels responsible to reduce losses ? Certainly not traders 4. Without problem owner, no innovative ideas and no implementation of solutions.
Priority for FFV sector in Indonesia - Research on actual extent of food losses in Indonesia - Creation of awareness of Economic benefits of reducing food losses - Dissemination of simple best practices in order to raise overall standards
Postharvest Loss Alliance for Nutrition (I-PLAN) • We have the knowledge to assist you in analyzing the cause of the leakage causing post harvest loss in your food supply chain. • We can help you to transform this leakage into a challenging business case, based on mutual benefits. • Within our Network we have leading Dutch industries and universities to collaborate on solving this problem.
Workshop i-PLAN • 22 March at hotel Grand Kemang Jakarta • For more information & programme • Tina Napitupulu - AgriProFocus Indonesia tnapitupulu@agriprofocus.com
THANK YOU! Lucie Wassink
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