Explanatory and Response Variables People make claims about their - PDF document

Explanatory and Response Variables People make claims about their world all the time.  “If had more money I would be happier”  “If become a vegetarian I will be healthier”  “Global warming is caused by human activity”  “I can get a good job if I go to college”. Inherent in these claims is the idea that there is a meaningful relationship (or association) where one characteristic or quantity (variable) influences the outcome or value of another quantity (variable). They believe that somehow one of the variables explains/predicts the value of the other variable. How do these people know if their claims are true? How can we test their claims? Beginning to understand how to answer these questions starts with first exploring the concept of explanatory (predictor) variables, response variables, and association. Definition: The response variable is the variable whose value can be explained by the value of the explanatory or predictor variable. Use the list of variables below this table to write in variables in the Explanatory Variable Column that you think predict the identified Response Variable. Be prepared to defend your answers, and keep in mind that you will have more than one answer. Explanatory Variables Response Variable Stress Level Financial Success Happiness in Life Variables in our world: Race Political Party Age Zip Code Math Ability # of Children you have Parent’s Ed. Level SAT Score Religion Marital Status Country’s Murder Rate Your Job Height Educational Attainment Alcohol Use Gender HS GPA Number of words you know Number of Friends you Athletic Ability by Age 3 have

SAMPLING AND DATA: DATA COLLECTION ACTIVITY LAB In this activity, you will explore how different sampling techniques are implemented and how they affect the samples you obtain. You will pick samples using the list of restaurants below. Entrée Cost  $ $$ $$$ $$$$ Los Reyes Del Elote Soho Taco Sushi Murasaki Playground 2.0 Santa Ana Dog Haus Playground Antonello Morton’s The BurgerStop The Barrel Room La Casa Kebab Place Soltani Anaheim Nicky Rottens Tin Fish Rama Thai Rei do Gado Broken Yolk The Hopping Pig Field Irish Pub Searsucker Old Spaghetti Factory Hard Rock Café Urban Bar & Grill Nobu BoliloTortas Star of India Bella Lune Newport Beach Veg-N-Out Zenseu Sushi Urban Solace Thai Time Eddie’s Place Il Postino Cardamom Café Harar Ethiopian The Smoking Goat Saguaro’s Casa de Luz Sabuku Sushi Board & Brew Le Bambou Sbicca Jake’s Del Mar Irvine Tabu Sushi El Pescador Nine Ten Poseidon Urban Pi Little Korea Whiskandladle George’s at the Cove Harry’s Coffee Shop Roppongi Orange Han and Harry’s Sushi House Romesco Baja Bistro Butcher Shop La Quinta Grill Royal Mandarin Ono’s Café Casa Bella Souplantation Golden Chopsticks Kanpai Miguel’s Cocina Spiro’s Gyros Lil’ Piggy’s BBQ Il Fornaio Primavera Ristorante Costa Mesa Village Pizzeria Leroy’s Kitchen Brigantine 1500 Ocean Otis’s Place Costa Azul Sapori Stake Chophouse McP’s Irish Pub Current Fountain Valley Rocky’s Crown Pub Sushi Ota The Fishery Jrdn Kono’s Surf Club Costa Brava Isabel’s Cantina Tower 23 Los Dos Pedros OB Noodle House Kafe Yen Sundara Tweety Thai Nick’s at the Beach I. SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLE: Describe the details of the procedure: II: SYSTEMATIC SAMPLE: Describe the details of the procedure: III. STRATIFIED SAMPLE: Describe the details of the procedure: IV. CLUSTER SAMPLE: Describe the details of the procedure:

Kahoot Activity – Online Percentiles Activity Finding the percentile of a value, x. 1) In your own words, describe how to find the percentile of a value, x. a. From the class data, find the percentile of the following score: ________ b. Example: From the class data, find the percentile for your score: ________ Finding the value at the k-th percentile. 1) What is formula to find L? 2) What does L represent? 3) What would you do if L is NOT a whole number? 4) What would you do if L is a whole number? 5) From the class data, find the 85 th percentile 6) From the class data, find the 50 th percentile (Q2) 7) From the class data, find P 32

Boxplot Activity Review 1) What is the 5 number summary? ____, ____, ____, ____, ____ 2) What are the formulas for the Lower Fence and Upper Fence? UF: LF: 3) A number is an outlier if it is ____________ the Lower Fence and ____________ the Upper Fence. The Activity Part I: How long can you hold your breath? a. On your cell phone or on google, find a stopwatch. b. Hold your breath and start the stopwatch. Hold your breath as long as you can, then stop the stopwatch. c. Record the time here: I held my breath for ______ seconds. Part II: Verbal Memory Test a. www.humanbenchmark.com b. Click on “Verbal Memory” c. Once you finish the game, record your score here: ____ The Analysis How long can you hold your breath? Verbal Memory Test Min: Min: Q1: Q1: Q2: Q2: Q3: Q3: Max: Max: Lower Fence: Lower Fence: Upper Fence: Upper Fence: Outliers: Outliers:

Card Tricks 1. Multiplication Rule https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CmfgxPy_Ehk 2. Tree Diagrams https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1dhAG2bsrQ 3. Conditional Probability https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oLjEulT6ssM

Intro to Probability Directions: 1. Find a partner (or two… but no more than 3 in a group) 2. Come get a pair of dice 3. Partner 1 rolls the dice, while partner 2 records the sum. Do this 15 times. 4. Partner 2 rolls the dice, while partner 1 records the sum. Do this 15 times. 5. At the end, count the total number of 2s, 3s, 4s, etc. for both partners, and fill out the table. Partner 1: Sum of Dice Partner 2: Sum of Dice Partner 3: Sum of Dice Partner 1: Sum of Dice 1. 1. 1. 1. 2. 2. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 4. 4. 4. 4. 5. 5. 5. 5. 6. 6. 6. 6. 7. 7. 7. 7. 8. 8. 8. 8. 9. 9. 9. 9. 10. 10. 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. 12. 12. 12. 13. 13. 13. 13. 14. 14. 14. 14. 15. 15. 15. 15. Totals (for both Partners) # of times the Sum was 2: ______ # of times the Sum was 3: ______ # of times the Sum was 4: ______ # of times the Sum was 5: ______ # of times the Sum was 6: ______ # of times the Sum was 7: ______ # of times the Sum was 8: ______ # of times the Sum was 9: ______ # of times the Sum was 10: ______ # of times the Sum was 11: ______ # of times the Sum was 12: ______

Roll and Win Directions: 1. Find a partner (only two people in a group) 2. Come get a pair of dice 3. Determine which player you want to be: a) Player 1 wins if the highest roll is a 1-2-3-4 (ex: If 2 – 4 is rolled, Player 1 wins) b) Player 2 wins if the highest roll is a 5 or 6 (ex: If 2 – 5 is rolled, Player 2 wins) 4. Play the game 36 times (take turns rolling), and each time record the roll (ex: 1 – 3, Player 1 wins) 5. Come to the board and write down the number of wins for Player 1 and number of wins for Player 2 Result of Roll Winner (P1 or P2) Result of Roll Winner (P1 or P2) 1. 19. 2. 20. 3. 21. 4. 22. 5. 23. 6. 24. 7. 25. 8. 26. 9. 27. 10. 28. 11. 29. 12. 30. 13. 31. 14. 32. 15. 33. 16. 34. 17. 35. 18. 36. Total Number of Wins for Player 1: __________ Total Number of Wins for Player 2: __________

Conditional Probability Preferences Activity (PPT)

Probability Review Bingo PPT (4x4 Bingo Square)

Expected Value Activity The Rules Player 1 will choose a chip without looking, while Player 2 records the result. Player 1 will replace the chip, shake the bag, and choose again. Do this a total of 20 times. Player 2 and Player 1 will switch. Record the combined total for both Player 1 and Player 2. • If you draw a blue chip, you will lose $1 • If you draw an orange chip, you will break even • If you draw a red chip you will gain $1 • If you draw a purple chip you will gain $2 Expected Value: Calculate the expected value Results P1 Result P2 Result 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 Player 1 Total: _____ Player 2 Total: _____ Player 1 + Player 2 Total: ______