EU citizenship and its perspectives Sabrina Cavatorto Jean Monnet - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Dipartimento Scienze sociali politiche e cognitive (DISPOC) EU citizenship and its perspectives Sabrina Cavatorto Jean Monnet Module Coordinator Docente di EU Politics Department of Economics & Statistics (Unisi) 6 June 2017

What is it ? • Every person holding the nationality of a Member State shall be a citizen of the Union. • Citizenship of the Union shall be additional to and not replace national citizenship (Art. 20 TFEU) It is for each EU country to lay down the conditions for the acquisition and loss of nationality of that country.

Which issues? http://ec.europa.eu/citizenship/ • your rights as a citizen of an EU member country – EU Charter of Fundamental Rights – SOLVIT & problems solved – EURES • ways to get involved in EU politics and shape the EU's political agenda – The ECI (how it works: enjoy this video!) – Public consultations • volunteering to encourage young people to actively participate in society – European Voluntary Service (EVS) , part of Erasmus+, offers young people aged 17-30 the chance to volunteer in another MS as well as outside the EU – European Solidarity Corps (launched in Dec 2016) open to people aged 18-30, has both volunteering & occupational activities

Rights according to the Treaty (a) the right to move and reside freely within the territory of the MSs (art. 21 TFEU) (b) the right to vote and to stand as candidates in elections to the EP and in municipal elections in their MS of residence, under the same conditions as nationals of that State (art. 22 TFEU) (c) the right to enjoy, in the territory of a third country in which the MS of which they are nationals is not represented, the protection of the diplomatic and consular authorities of any MS on the same conditions as the nationals of that State (art. 23 TFEU) (d) the right to petition the EP, to apply to the European Ombudsman, and to address the institutions and advisory bodies of the Union in any of the Treaty languages and to obtain a reply in the same language (art. 24 TFEU)

(European Employment Services) The purpose is to provide information, advice and recruitment/placement (job-matching) services for the benefit of workers and employers, as well as any citizen wishing to benefit from the principle of the free movement of persons .  it targets both job-seekers interested in moving to another country to work or to study, and employers wishing to recruit from abroad. Set up in 1993, EURES is a co-operation network between the European Commission & the Public Employment Services of the EEA Member States (the EU countries plus Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein) and other partner organisations. Switzerland also takes part in EURES co-operation.  32 countries are now involved

The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights brings together in a single document the fundamental rights protected in the EU The Charter contains rights and freedoms under 6 titles: Dignity, Freedoms, Equality, Solidarity, Citizens' Rights, and Justice • proclaimed in 2000, the Charter has become legally binding on the EU with the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, in December 2009.

When the Charter applies The provisions of the Charter are addressed to: • the institutions and bodies of the EU with due regard for the principle of subsidiarity • the national authorities only when they are implementing EU law For example, the Charter applies when EU countries adopt or apply a national law implementing an EU directive or when their authorities apply an EU regulation directly. In cases where the Charter does not apply, the protection of fundamental rights is guaranteed under the constitutions or constitutional traditions of EU countries and international conventions they have ratified. The Charter does not extend the competence of the EU to matters not included by the Treaties under its competence.

Standard EUROBAROMETER 86 (Nov 2016) The sense of EU citizenship • do Europeans see themselves as European citizens? • what factors create a sense of European citizenship? • do they know their rights as European citizens? • do they want information about these rights? • what values best represent the EU?

You feel you are a citizen of the EU? (% - EU) (EB 86)

You feel you are a citizen of the EU? (% - EU; 2016) (EB 86)

Who feels to be a citizen of the EU? • 15-24 year-olds citizens (75%) • those who studied up to the age of 20 and beyond (78%) • managers (79%) • students (80%) • those who see themselves as upper middle class (80%) or upper class (78%) (EB 86)

Do feel yourself as… ? (% - EU) (EB 86)

Factors contributing the most to create a feeling of community among EU citizens (EB 86)

A national analysis reveals significant variations between MSs • CULTURE is in first place in ten countries (compared with 13 in autumn 2015), with its highest score in Portugal (40%) and its lowest in Romania (15%) • In 6 other countries (compared with 4 in autumn 2015), GEOGRAPHY tops the list, though it ranks only fifth in the European average. “Geography” obtained its highest score in the Netherlands (39%) and its lowest in Cyprus (9%) • The ECONOMY is seen as the most unifying factor by a majority of respondents in 5 MSs (compared with 3 in autumn 2015), with its highest and lowest scores in Slovenia (35%) and the Czech Republic (14%) respectively • Although HISTORY is ranked second at European level, it tops the list in only 2 MSs (compared with 3 in autumn 2015): the Czech Republic (38%) and Hungary (32%). In contrast, it is mentioned by only 12% of respondents in Cyprus • The RULE OF LAW is ranked first in 2 countries (compared with none in autumn 2015): Finland (36%) and Germany (30%). It obtained its lowest score in Lithuania (6%) • SPORTS continue to be ranked first in Ireland (30%); they were in first place in 3 countries in autumn 2015. Respondents in Slovenia (33%) are most likely to mention this factor, while those in Bulgaria (6%) are the least likely to do so • VALUES stand in third place in Europe overall, but do not head the list on their own in any MS. Their highest score is obtained in Finland (35%) and their lowest in Hungary (11%).

Challenges and actions for the future …according to the European Commission: EU citizenship Report 2017 Strengthening Citizens’ Rights in a Union of Democratic Change

And what about duties? A ‘thicker’ form of EU level citizenship could only arise by creating civic obligations at the EU level. Which are your responsibilities as a EU citizen?