ESTABLISHING A NEW BASELINE aggressive water conservation throughout - PDF document

SPECIALTY WORKSHOP CONNECTING THE DOTS: THE IMPACTS OF WATER CONSERVATION ON WASTEWATER TREATMENT JULY 21, 2016 Hosted By : Southern California Alliance of Publicly- Owned Treatment Works Click to Start ESTABLISHING A NEW BASELINE aggressive water conservation throughout california is challenging infrastructure integrity, conditions of sewage conveyance, and reliability of treatment. it is seriously challenging the ability of many facilities to meet stringent discharge requirements. 1

ESTABLISHING A NEW BASELINE OUR FIRST STEPS IN MEETING A NEW CHALLENGE: 1. UNDERSTANDING WHAT HAS CHANGED. 2. THE IMPACTS ON COLLECTION AND TREATMENT PROCESSES. 3. THE IMPACTS ON DESIGN, OPERATIONS, ENERGY AND PLANNING. 4. STARTING A DIALOGUE AND SHARING INFORMATION. 5. DEVELOPING OPTIONS AND ALTERNATIVES. Agenda 9: 00 am O peni ng Rem ar ks ( G . M i l l er ) -I nt r oduct i ons and For m at 9: 15 – 9: 45 W yat t Tr oxel -Pr ocess I m pact s and Cascade Ef f ect s 9: 45 – 10: 15 G er al d Fej ar ang -I m pact s on Asset s and Asset Rel i abi l i t y MEETING AGENDA 10: 15 – 10: 30 BREAK 10: 30 – 11: 00 Jam i e Fer r o -I m pact s on Ener gy Dem and 11: 00 – 11: 45 Case St udi es and Exam pl es 11: 45 – 1: 00 Lunch 1: 00 – 1: 45 Devel opi ng Sol ut i ons Pr ocess Cont r ol , New T echnol ogi es 1: 45 – 2: 30 I nput f r om Par t i ci pant s ( Red Dot ) 2: 30 – 3: 00 W r ap- Up 2

MEETING GOALS 1. CREATE AN OPPORTUNITY TO COMMUNICATE, LISTEN, AND UNDERSTAND A NEW CHALLENGE. 2. IDENTIFY RESILIENT PROCESS MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES. 3. REFINE ENERGY AND CHEMICAL DEMAND APPROACHES. 4. DISCUSS PREDICTABLE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AND COST. 5. IMPROVE INPUT FOR FUTURE DESIGNS. 6. DiISCUSS INVESTMENT STRATEGIES FOR MODERN TECHNOLOGIES AND SUPPORT SYSTEMS. THE WAY IT WAS BOD FLOW NEW CONNECTIONS AMMONIA 3

IMPACT OF WATER CONSERVATION FLOW NEW CONNECTIONS CHANGE IN DILUTION FLOW BOD AMMONIA 4

CHANGE IN COLLECTION SYSTEM BIOLOGY FLOW AMMONIA SOLUBLE BOD PARTICULATE BOD WWTP ENERGY PROFILE ENERGY FLOW DEMAND ENERGY POTENTIAL 5

KPIs FOR NEW NORMAL ENERGY DENSITY AS ENERGY DENSITY TRENDS UP, COMPLIANCE KWH ENERGY DENSITY = TRENDS DOWN MGD COMPLIANCE CHANGING CONDITIONS STEP CHANGE • WATER CONSERVATION • PROCESS COMPLIANCE • ENERGY USAGE • EQUIPMENT FAILURE • TECHNOLOGY 6

CLIMATE CHANGE WEATHER FORECAST PROLONGED REDUCED WINTER RAIN DROUGHT VOLATILE DROUGHT RAIN WEATHER “ THE NEW NORMAL ” 2005 2008 2010 2015 CONNECTING THE DOTS PROCESS IMPACTS ENERGY IMPACTS ASSET IMPACTS 7

WYATT TROXEL ENERVENTI O N PROCESS IMPACTS OF WATER CONSERVATION – THE CASCADE EFFECTS PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES THE CASCADE EFFECT 8

PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES THE CASCADE EFFECT WHAT HAPPENS IN THE SEWER … DOESN’T STAY IN THE SEWER … AFFECTS EVERYTHING PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES THE CASCADE EFFECT COLLECTION SYSTEM HEADWORKS PRIMARY SEDIMENTATION THICKENING & DIGESTION SECONDARY TREATMENT TERTIARY FILTRATION EFFLUENT DISINFECTION RECYCLING & REUSE 9

PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES THE CASCADE EFFECT • MAIN CULPRITS: • TIME • TEMPERATURE • DECOMPOSING PROTEIN • HYDROGEN SULFIDE • VOLATILE ACIDS (SOLUBLE BOD) • AMMONIA FROM TKN (PROTEIN) PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES THE CASCADE EFFECT COLLECTION SYSTEM HEADWORKS PRIMARY SEDIMENTATION THICKENING & DIGESTION SECONDARY TREATMENT TERTIARY FILTRATION EFFLUENT DISINFECTION RECYCLING & REUSE 10

PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES HEADWORKS • INCREASED SULFIDE ODOR, CORROSION, CHEMICALS • IMPACTS FROM SLOUGHING SOLIDS • PERIODIC OVERLOAD OF GRIT SYSTEM • INCREASED MAINTENANCE PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES PRIMARY SEDIMENTATION • GROWTH AND ODORS OF SULFUR FIXING BACTERIA • REDUCED BOD REMOVAL EFFICIENCY • REDUCED TSS REMOVAL EFFICIENCY • POOR SLUDGE SETTLING & GASIFICATION • MAINTENANCE AND CORROSION PROTECTION • HOUSEKEEPING • PRODUCTION AND CARRY-OVER OF VFA, HS & AMMONIA 11

PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES PRIMARY SLUDGE THICKENING • ADDITIONAL HS PRODUCTION • POOR GT SETTLING AND SOLIDS RECIRCULATION TO HEADWORKS • EXCESS WATER AND REDUCED TS MASS TO DIGESTION PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES ANAEROBIC DIGESTION • REDUCED GAS PRODUCTION AND ENERGY RECOVERY • REDUCED VSR & CHALLENGES TO CLASS B QUALITY • IMPACTS ON DIGESTER CLEANING CYCLES • INCREASED PUMP & COMPRESSOR ATTENTION CO-GEN 12

PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES SECONDARY TREATMENT • INCREASED ENERGY DEMAND • INCREASED TF SLOUGHING AND POOR BOD EFFICIENCY • INCREASED BLOWER AND DIFFUSER ATTENTION • POOR AS PERFORMANCE (HIGH SVI) DUE TO HS TOXICITY • AMMONIA BREAKTHROUGH PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES BIOLOGICAL NUTRIENT REMOVAL • OVERLOAD & REDUCED TREATMENT RAS CAPACITY • pH SHIFT & ELEVATED SVI DUE TO POLYSACCHARIDES ANAEROBIC AERATION POST-ANOXIC ANOXIC REAERATION • MLE FAILURE DUE TO IMLR OVERLOAD • LOSS OF REDUNDANCY • INCREASED EFFLUENT TIN • INCREASED IMLR & RAS PUMPING ENERGY MLR • INCREASED MAINTENANCE ATTENTION 13

PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES BIOLOGICAL NUTRIENT REMOVAL REASON FOR MLE FAILURES MIXED LIQUOR RETURN (MLR) PUMPING CAN’T HANDLE INCREASED AMMONIA CONCENTRATION Q mlr = (Q inf )(N i /N e ) - Q i - Q r PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES BIOLOGICAL NUTRIENT REMOVAL MLR SIZING BASED ON AMMONIA CONCENTRATION Influent flow = 30 mgd Effluent TIN = 7 mg/L RAS @ 100% = 30 mgd MLR @ 4Q design = 120 mgd INFLUENT NH3-N MLR CAPACITY 25 mg/L 47 MGD 35 mg/L 90 MGD 45 mg/L 133 MGD 55 mg/L 176 MGD 14

PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES SECONDARY CLARIFICATION • INCREASED SLR • INCREASED BLANKET LEVEL • INCREASED RAS PUMPING • INCREASED HOUSEKEEPING • FOAMING • REDUCED TSS CONTROL • REDUCED CAPACITY RATING PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES TERTIARY FILTRATION • INCREASED SLR • INCREASED BW FREQUENCY & IN-PLANT RECIRCULATION • INCREASED TURBIDITY 15

PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES CHLORINE DISINFECTION • INTERRUPTED EFFICIENCY • INCREASED CL 2, RESIDUAL, DEMAND & DOSE • INCREASED VIOLATIONS • INCREASED SO 2 DEMAND PROCESS CONTROL ISSUES UV DISINFECTION • INCREASED ENERGY DEMAND • INCREASED CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE • REDUCED UV TRANSMITTANCE 16

GERALD FEJARANG IMPACTS ON ASSETS AND ASSET RELIABILITY O&M ISSUES: PAST, PRESENT … FUTURE? 17

STEPS FOR RCM ANALYSIS GROUP FUNCTIONAL FAILURE ANALYSIS FAILURE MODES & EFFECTS ANALYSIS IDENTIFY PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES 18

STEPS FOR RCM IMPLEMENTATION PARENT CHILD GRANDCHILD GREAT-GRANDCHILD ASSET HIERARCHY LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT EVERGREENING 19

RELIABILITY IN DROUGHT CONDITIONS • EQUIPMENT ROTTING ON VINE – NEEDS MAINTENANCE • OPTIMIZE MAINTENANCE BASED ON CONDITIONS • USE OPPORTUNITY TO IMPROVE MAINTENANCE STRATEGIES • CHANGES TO CRITICALITY OF EQUIPMENT/PROCESSES • OPERATIONAL STRATEGIES TO DEAL WITH CHANGING CONCENTRATION LOAD AND HYDRAULIC CONDITIONS LUNCH BREAK 20

JAMIE FERRO IMPACTS OF WATER CONSERVATION ON ENERGY DENSITY AND DEMAND CONSTRAINED RESOURCE FUTURE • CONSTRAINED WATER SUPPLY • CONSTRAINED ENERGY SUPPLY • INCREASED DEMAND ON BOTH • CARBON LIMITS 21

CHALLENGES AT THE NEXUS • GOALS MORE WATER! • RECLAMATION • ENERGY/COST REDUCTION • GHG REDUCTION • STRATEGY • UNDERSTAND SAVE ENERGY! REDUCE GHG! • QUANTIFY • QUALIFY RESOURCE RECOVERY FACILITIES … are we there yet? • MOST ARE NET CONSUMERS we need better tools and strategies • OVER-RELIANCE ON ENERGY than we used to overcome and deal with the challenges • TECHNOLOGY OUTPACING ENERGY EFFICIENCY of the past 22

WANTED: SITUATIONAL AWARENESS NEW TECHNOLOGIES BETTER INFORMATION, & SUPPORT FOR NEW STRATEGIES OPTIMIZATION AT THE NEXUS MAJOR SHIFT IN HOWs & WHYs OF ENERGY USE OPTIMIZATION = BEST FIT CURVE OF HOW ENERGY IS USED 23

ENERGY APPROACH 1. BASELINE CONDITIONS MUST BE DEFINED AND QUANTIFIED 2. ALETERNATIVE STRATEGIES ARE APPLIED TO A CALIBRATED MODEL OF ENERGY USAGE 3. ENERGY DEMAND IS MINIMIZED THROUGH AN INTEGRATED PROCESS MANAGEMENT PLAN 4. OUTCOMES MUST BE DEFINED ENERGY STRATEGY MEASUREMENT ASSESSMENT OPTIMIZATION 24

ENERGY MEASUREMENT OPTIMIZATION REQUIRES TRACKING AND MEASUREMENT ASSESSING CONDITIONS KNOWING HOW AND WHY ENERGY AND PROCESS OBJECTIVES ARE CONNECTED (INTERCONNECTEDNESS) WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE? FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS HOW IS IT BEING DONE? CONDITION ASSESSMENT CAN IT BE DONE BETTER? TECHNOLOGY GAP ANALYSIS DOES IT CHANGE RISK? RISK ANALYSIS 25

OPTIMIZATION USE EXACTLY ENOUGH ENERGY TO PERFORM WORK • CHANGE APPLIED ENERGY TO FIT DEMAND CURVE OR • CHANGE THE DEMAND CONDITION TO MINIMIZE ENERGY REQUIRED CONNECTING THE DOTS: CASE STUDIES 26

CASE STUDIES: WWTP #1 FAST FACTS • LOCATION: SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA • DESIGN: BIOLOGICAL NUTRIENT REMOVAL SYSTEM • FLOW: 14 MGD DESIGN FLOW, DECREASED TO 8 MGD • HISTORICAL DETAILS: • RECENT PLANT EXPANSION AND UPGRADE IN 2014 • PERIODIC SEASONAL PROCESS UPSETS • MAJOR UPSET IN 2015 • VIOLATION OF TIN, BOD, TSS, TURBIDITY AND DISNFECTION CASE STUDIES: WWTP #1 CHALLENGES • OUT OF COMPLIANCE • DESIGN ISSUES • FORECASTING ISSUES • SEVERELY REDUCED FLOW 27