EnVigour HX TM Information Session Michelle Miller, MSc, MBA Chief Executive Officer November 29, 2017 1
Delta Genomics http://canada150in150.ca/browse- stories/community/agriculture/rural-livestock- amazing-graze/93
Delta Genomics • Incorporated in 2012 as a Not-for-Profit Organization • Spun-out of the University of Alberta on April 1, 2014 • 9 Current Employees • Located in downtown Edmonton (the old Bay Building)
Delta Genomics Genomics will influence every industry 2014: 42,564 samples 2015: 36,315 samples 2016: 48,244 samples 2017: 36,665 samples (end of Q3)
The Goal of Delta Genomics To increase the profitability , competitiveness , and sustainability of the Canadian Livestock Industry
What is Genomics? • In the Dictionary: the branch of molecular biology concerned with structure, function, evolution, and mapping of genomes • In Practice: a holistic approach to genetic testing (can answer more complex questions)
Genetic Testing vs Genomics Genetic Testing: Red or Black?
Genetic Testing vs Genomics Genetic Testing: Horned or Polled?
Genetic Testing vs Genomics Genetic Testing: Parentage or Not?
Genetic Testing vs Genomics Genomics: How do I select the best replacements?
EnVigour HX TM A Made in Canada Genomic Tool for Crossbred Cattle
EnVigour HX TM : Genomics as a Tool in Replacement Selection
EnVigour HX TM – What it Does 1. Parentage 2. Genomic Breed Composition Analysis 3. Vigour Score: measurement of heterosis/hybrid vigour Three services in one package for $45
EnVigour HX TM – Results Example
EnVigour HX TM Parentage Applications • Determine bulls that are not producing • Identify bulls that produce good calves • Prevent inbreeding • Herd bull annual maintenance: $1800 1 1 Western Beef Development Centre
EnVigour HX TM Breed Composition Applications • Optimize breed complementarity • You picked the breeds in your herd because you like the positive attributes of those breeds • Cow-Bull Matching • Replacement heifer: $1250 1 • Branded beef programs(?) 1 Western Beef Development Centre
EnVigour HX TM Breed Composition Applications 10 Breeds can be identified with EnVigour HX TM : Angus Charolais Galloway Gelbvieh Hereford Limousin Maine-Anjou Salers Shorthorn Simmental
Genomic Breed Composition R e l a t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n b r e e d c o m p o s i t i o n b y p e d i g r e e a n d g e n o m i c - b a s e d b r e e d c o m p o s i t i o n i n c r o s s b r e d b e e f h e i f e r s ( A k a n n o e t a l . 2 0 1 7 . C a n . J . A n i m . S c i . 9 4 : 4 3 1 - 4 3 8 ) e 1 Hereford Angus Charolais Simmental 0.8 0.6 0.4 Y = 0 . 0 1 3 4 + 0 . 0 0 8 9 1 x 0.2 n = 4 0 4 , r - s q u a r e = 0 . 9 6 1 G 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Breed composition by pedigree, % The red circles are calves that the cows switched; record keeping is an excellent tool but will never be perfect (even in a research herd)
Inheritance of DNA & Recombination Recombination is a phenomenon that occurs between every generation (even in people) and is essential to maintaining diversity within a species. It involves mixing of DNA that an individual received from their mom and dad before passing that DNA to the next generation. Sire – Angus 100% Dam – Hereford 100% Bovine Genome 30 pairs of chromosomes ~3,000,000,000 bp ~34,000,000 variants ~ 30,000 genes F1 Progeny Expected – AN50%; HE50% F1 Progeny Actual – AN50%; HE50% Adapted from Mehdi Sargolzaei and Steve Miller, University of Guelph
Inheritance of DNA & Recombination In this example, the calf that resulted from this crossing only has 15% Angus DNA instead of the predicted 25% Angus DNA. If these types of recombination events occurred for a couple more generations, it’s easy to see how the Angus DNA could be bred out of this family. Sire – Simmental 100% Dam – AN50%; HE50% Progeny Expected – SM50%; AN25%; HE25% Progeny Actual – SM50%; AN15%; HE35% Adapted from Mehdi Sargolzaei and Steve Miller, University of Guelph Record keeping will put you in the right ballpark, but recombination may offer some surprises
EnVigour HX TM Breed Composition Applications Guess this heifer’s breed composition
EnVigour HX TM Breed Composition Applications D6574 Angus: 53% Simmental: 40% Charolais: 6% Indeterminate: 1% Vigour Score 56%
EnVigour HX TM Breed Composition Applications Guess this heifer’s breed composition
EnVigour HX TM Breed Composition Applications D6543 Angus: 80% Simmental: 14% Charolais: 4% Indeterminate: 2% Vigour Score 33%
EnVigour HX TM Hybrid Vigour Applications • Not a secret in the beef industry: Crossbreeding is the norm across North America • Enables selection of heifers with high Vigour Scores • Improve fitness traits (per 10% increase in Vigour Score) 1 : • 200-day Weaning Weight: 3lbs increase • Age at First Calving: 2 days earlier • Pregnancy Rate: 2% increase • Weaning Rate: 3% increase 1 Basarab et al. 2017. in preparation
Increasing Vigour Scores EnVigour HX TM Guided Selection: Two-Way Cross Vigour Score Breed X Breed Y Bull X Bull Y Year 1 38% 25% 75% Year 2 47% 63% 37% 100% 0% Year 3 43% 31% 69% 0% 100% Year 4 45% 66% 34% 100% 0% Year 5 44% 33% 67% 0% 100% Consistently use Bull X Vigour Score Breed X Breed Y Bull X Bull Y Year 1 38% 25% 75% Year 2 47% 63% 37% 100% 0% Year 3 30% 81% 19% 100% 0% Year 4 17% 91% 9% 100% 0% Year 5 9% 95% 5% 100% 0%
Increasing Vigour Scores EnVigour HX TM Guided Selection: Two-Way Cross Vigour Score Breed X Breed Y Bull X Bull Y Year 1 38% 25% 75% Year 2 47% 63% 37% 100% 0% Year 3 43% 31% 69% 0% 100% Year 4 45% 66% 34% 100% 0% Year 5 44% 33% 67% 0% 100% Consistently use Bull Y Vigour Score Breed X Breed Y Bull X Bull Y Year 1 38% 25% 75% Year 2 22% 13% 87% 0% 100% Year 3 12% 6% 94% 0% 100% Year 4 6% 3% 97% 0% 100% Year 5 3% 2% 98% 0% 100%
Increasing Vigour Scores EnVigour HX TM Guided Selection: Three-Way Cross Vigour Score Breed X Breed Y Breed Z Bull X Bull Y Bull Z Year 1 46% 20% 70% 10% Year 2 57% 10% 35% 55% 0% 0% 100% Year 3 59% 55% 18% 27% 100% 0% 0% Year 4 56% 28% 59% 13% 0% 100% 0% Year 5 57% 14% 29% 57% 0% 0% 100% Consistently use Bull X Vigour Score Breed X Breed Y Breed Z Bull X Bull Y Bull Z Year 1 46% 20% 70% 10% Year 2 52% 60% 35% 5% 100% 0% 0% Year 3 33% 80% 18% 2% 100% 0% 0% Year 4 18% 90% 9% 1% 100% 0% 0% Year 5 10% 95% 4% 1% 100% 0% 0%
Increasing Vigour Scores EnVigour HX TM Guided Selection: Three-Way Cross Vigour Score Breed X Breed Y Breed Z Bull X Bull Y Bull Z Year 1 46% 20% 70% 10% Year 2 57% 10% 35% 55% 0% 0% 100% Year 3 59% 55% 18% 27% 100% 0% 0% Year 4 56% 28% 59% 13% 0% 100% 0% Year 5 57% 14% 29% 57% 0% 0% 100% Consistently use Bull Y Vigour Score Breed X Breed Y Breed Z Bull X Bull Y Bull Z Year 1 46% 20% 70% 10% Year 2 27% 10% 85% 5% 0% 100% 0% Year 3 14% 5% 93% 2% 0% 100% 0% Year 4 7% 3% 96% 1% 0% 100% 0% Year 5 4% 1% 98% 1% 0% 100% 0%
Increasing Vigour Scores EnVigour HX TM Guided Selection: Three-Way Cross Vigour Score Breed X Breed Y Breed Z Bull X Bull Y Bull Z Year 1 46% 20% 70% 10% Year 2 57% 10% 35% 55% 0% 0% 100% Year 3 59% 55% 18% 27% 100% 0% 0% Year 4 56% 28% 59% 13% 0% 100% 0% Year 5 57% 14% 29% 57% 0% 0% 100% Consistently use Bull Z Vigour Score Breed X Breed Y Breed Z Bull X Bull Y Bull Z Year 1 46% 20% 70% 10% Year 2 57% 10% 35% 55% 0% 0% 100% Year 3 37% 5% 18% 77% 0% 0% 100% Year 4 20% 3% 9% 88% 0% 0% 100% Year 5 11% 1% 4% 95% 0% 0% 100%
EnVigour HX TM Increasing Vigour Scores Summary • Match your bulls with cows that are least like them • ie: Put the mostly Angus cows with the Simmental or Hereford bulls • Breed Composition and Vigour Score are permanent • Can increase Vigour Score with strategic crossbreeding Caveat • Know your goals! • Which breed composition do you want in your cows? • Does your perfect breed composition align with the final product that your customers want to pay for?
EnVigour HX TM Case Study: Lacombe Research Farm 412 Replacement Heifers were followed over 5 calvings (1050 matings) then split into High Vigour and Low Vigour groups
Basarab et al. 2017. in preparation
Basarab et al. 2017. in preparation
EnVigour HX TM An Investment
EnVigour HX TM A Cautious Investment • The easiest part is sending in samples and getting results • Implementation of results is required to see a return on your investment – that means sorting cows with bulls; potentially a lot of cows
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