Energy saving in Namibia "THE ROLE OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT IN THE 4TH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION“ Prepared by Holger von Leipzig
• Where are we? • Do we know where to go?
BUILDINGS OR ROBOTS? • In 2017 futurist Thomas Frey predicted that learning from bots will be commonplace by 2031. British education expert Anthony Seldon thinks robots will replace human teachers by 2027. • Even if human teachers get to keep their jobs, working in tandem with robots could solve many of the problems currently facing the world’s education system. • Many nations, particularly in the developing world, don’t have enough teachers. Robots could help fill that gap. Compared to the cost of paying a human teacher, these systems are also far cheaper, and they can adjust to each individual student’s learning style to help them reach their potential. • While digital teachers could provide a host of benefits, they still aren’t as advanced as they need to be. Currently they are only well-versed on one topic while quality teachers are typically far more well-rounded. • Social interaction between teachers and students is also critical to a quality education, and digital teachers most certainly lag behind their human counterparts in this realm. But, how many such teachers do we have? • If you train an algorithm to add two numbers, it will just look up or copy the correct answer from a table, Mikolov, a Facebook AI scientist, explained. But it can’t generalize a better understanding of mathematical operations from its training. After learning that five plus two equals seven, you as a person might be able to figure out that seven minus two equals five. But if you ask your algorithm to subtract two numbers after teaching it to add, it won’t be able to. The artificial intelligence, as it were, was trained to add, not to understand what it means to add. If you want it to subtract, you’ll need to train it all over again
WHERE DO WE STAND IN NAMIBIA • 2009 Namibia Energy Efficiency Programme (NEEP) In Buildings, supported by GEF • Total Cost 6,222,000 USD • According to a study from 2011, i.e. EE Baseline Survey undertaken under the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Capacity Building Programme (REEECAP), 17% of local architects surveyed were not aware of EE issues in buildings; 67% were aware but not implementing EE measures in their practice. • Green Building Council of Namibia
Buildings in Namibia FNB -4 star EMCON 6 star MME – to be rated UNAM – one of the >90%
INVESTING OR NOT? Facility upgrades typically only occur every 20 years. Energy efficiency measures typically give a payback within 2 years. So why wait so long for upgrades to lighting, air-conditioning and other power-hungry equipment?
PRE-COOLING OF AIR Fresh air for buildings – what to do with 5 or 35 degrees air? Office floors Riser shaft Filter and Fan assembly Fresh air Buried pipes
BUILDING MANAGEMENT • Can only manage what you measure • Identify what you want to manage (time and money) • Identify what the cost drivers are – normally salaries, land, buildings, vehicles, energy, and water • Identify what the time wasters are – driving time, site visits, meetings • Determine how you can measure the individual items • Implement measurement tools and evaluation thereof • If you are happy, automate the system and you have a BMS
ENERGY EFFICIENCY • TAKE ACTION – remember that most of the money is spent during operation of the building, not constructing it • Analyse your bills – maximum demand charges, incoming circuit breaker, time-of-use • Demand – what are the culprits? Lights, heating/cooling, power • How can each of these be reduced? • Set targets (Investment/savings/timeframe) • What is the ROI? • Budget/obtain financing and IMPLEMENT !
OLD / NEW BUILDINGS • How many old buildings do you have? • What are you expecting from a new building? • Green building industry in Namibia • Typical electricity consumption • Old – 30% AC, 30% light • New – 50% AC, 10% light • AC and controlling the expense • Orientation of building • Building insulation and use of materials • Passive heating and cooling • Demand management • Lighting and control thereof – is it still necessary with LED?
UNAM LIBRARY – LIGHTING EXAMPLE • Current lights normal fluorescents with some specialized downlights • Replacing tubes with LED tubes will cost N$400,000 • Current annual electricity cost N$435,000 • Payback within 1.7 years with yearly savings of N$230,000 • After 5 years a saving of N$750,000 • THIS IS ONE BUILDING – ONLY LIGHTS….. • Going back to the cost analysis of investing or not – the analysis showed that an investment of N$5.5m resulted in energy savings of N$40m over 10 years.
HOW TO FINANCE? • Typically electricity <5% of total turnover – saving of 20% gives 1% overall saving • Not substantial on complete turn-over of facilities, but enter into partnerships for whom it will be worthwhile…. For example: • Current electricity costs for lights at library are N$435,000 p.a. Get somebody who pays for the upgrade and pay him N$350,000 p.a. for next 5 years (saving 85,000 p.a.) and then reduce payment to cost + 30%. • This gives a return of >20% p.a – think you find somebody? • WIN – WIN • How to convince the Management? • Banks and MME have special deals • Think out of the box and take charge!
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY • Namibia, the “solar place to be” • Solar energy – matching it to the demand • Costs • Space • Financing • Namibia imports 60% of demand – no reason why this can’t be changed • Currently a big drive to increase own renewable capacity
340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 00:00 01:00 Daily consumption pattern at Katutura hospital 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 Daily consumption pattern at Katutura Hospital over one month 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 kW 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 800 Daily consumption Windhoek Central Hospital 00:00 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 Time of day 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 00:00
PV for own consumption Katutura hospital – 60m 3 hot water/day
UNAM main campus yearly electricity consumption kW 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Weekly data kW 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 Spending equivalent money on electricity to what we pay for four our company employing 60 people
UNAM – THE ROAD AHEAD • Campus at Katima Mulilo – 900km away • Campus at Rundu – 500km away • Campus at Ongwediva – 600km away • Campus at Hentiesbay – 400km • Try to reduce the amount of travelling of senior people by getting data to a central place • Outsource certain services with SLA’s for a WIN -WIN
MAINTENANCE & CLIENT KNOWLEDGE • Why is maintenance in Namibia such an issue? • New projects are financed on a project basis, but not maintenance of existing facilities • No glamour? • New buildings to create what impression? • Management not aware of the cost implications? • Involvement of Engineers and modeling • Especially if money is an issue the maintenance and upgrades become more important
SUMMARY • Increase the knowledge base with the help of professionals • Analyse what you have by measuring and collecting data • Concentrate on buildings with outdated services – payback is short • Be firm with new buildings – you are the paymaster • Invest by partnering / own budgets / special loans and save • Investigate use of alternative energy (only after / together with EE) • AS FACILITY MANAGER YOU HAVE TO TAKE CHARGE
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