ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF THE FUTURE Rob Stephen President - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF THE FUTURE Rob Stephen – President Cigre AFSEC conference March 2017 sustainable electricity for all

CIGRE • Founded in 1921, CIGRE, the Council on Large Electric Systems , • Our Mission :To be the world’s foremost collaborative technical reference organization for all aspects of electric power systems • Our vision : To be universally recognised as the leading global organisation for all aspects of electric power systems sustainable electricity for all

CIGRE’s technical activities split into 16 Study Committees . Approximately 230 Working Groups are constantly operating, grouping together over 3800 experts within the electric energy sector from all over the world, who are ideally positioned to express the views of industry and academia. sustainable electricity for all

STUDY COMMITTEES NEW A1 D2 MATERIAL EQUIPMENT S & IT 16 A3 STUDY A2 D1 C3 COMMITTEES TECHNO C2 C1 B1 B2 SYSTEMS LOGIES C4 C5 C6 B4 B5 B3 sustainable electricity for all

The purpose of modern power systems is to supply electric energy satisfaying the following conflicting requirements:  High reliability and security of supply  Most economic solution  Best environmental protection sustainable electricity for all

CHALLENGES • Policies for lower carbon, renewable energy sources (RES), efficient energy use • Integration of RES and distributed generation (DG) into the grids • Increased customer participation and new needs for distribution grids • Progress in technology including ICT • End-of-life grid renewal (ageing assets) • Methods to connect remote areas with no electricity • Market design and regulatory mechanisms for an equitable, cost-effective transformation • Environmental compliance and sustainability sustainable electricity for all

GRID MODELS 1. Increasing importance of large networks for bulk transmission • capable of interconnecting load regions and large centralized renewable generation resources including offshore, • to provide more interconnections between countries and energy markets . 2. The emergence of clusters of small, largely self-contained distribution networks • which include decentralized local generation, energy storage and active customer participation • intelligently managed so that they are operated as active networks providing local active and reactive support. The best future will likely have a mix of the two models. 10 issues drive the transformation, and Cigré contributes strongly to them. sustainable electricity for all

sustainable electricity for all

NEW CONCEPTS FOR ACTIVE DISTRIBUTION 1 6 PROTECTION NETWORKS NEW CONCEPTS IN MASSIVE EXCHANGE 7 2 PLANNING OF INFORMATION NEW TOOLS FOR TECHNICAL INTEGRATION OF 8 3 PERFORMANCE HVDC/POWER ELECTRONICS INCREASE OF UNDERGROUND MASSIVE INSTALLATION OF 9 4 INFRASTRUCTURE STORAGE NEW SYSTEMS OPERATIONS NEED FOR STAKEHOLDER 5 10 /CONTROLS AWARENESS sustainable electricity for all

1 ACTIVE DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS SC C6 Key Cigré work on: SC C3  Distribution level needs more “smartness”  Massive penetration of smaller units imposes the SC C4 need for their control and coordination  Smart metering massive implementation  Evolution of markets and regulation  Novel distribution network architectures SC C5  Microgrids and Virtual Power Plants  Solutions for remote micro grid connections  Connection of remote areas with no access to electricity SC B1 SC C1 SC B2 sustainable electricity for all

2 MASSIVE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION SC B5 Key Cigré work on: SC C6  New architecture of the whole system for system operation, protection…  What data must be exchanged and with SC D2 what kind of requirements (volume, frequency, availability, security, etc.)  Big Data – massive data exchange In addition:  Disaster recovery and restoration plans  Cyber security and access control sustainable electricity for all

3 INTEGRATION OF HVDC / POWER ELECTRONICS (PE) SC B1 Key Cigré work on: SC B4  HVDC and Power electronics (PE) may create harmonic distortion managed with ac and dc harmonic filtering SC B2  Fault behaviour  Network performance needs to be carefully studied, with appropriate models of the HVDC SC C4 and PE systems  HVDC Grids LV DC grids  The penetration of power electronics at medium and low voltage levels SC C6 SC C1 sustainable electricity for all

4 MASSIVE INSTALLATION OF STORAGE SC C6 Key Cigré work on: SC C4  Modeling for steady state and dynamic simulations.  Management for storage SC C1  Sizing of storage devices  Co-operation with RES for hybrid systems  Management in autonomous power systems  Ability to reduce peaks  Co-operation with DSM  Frequency control sustainable electricity for all

5 NEW SYSTEMS OPERATIONS / CONTROLS SC C2 Key Cigré work on: SC B5 • Power balancing, congestion and risk management • New software to quickly determine system status SC C6 over wide areas, automated configuration adjustment, automated service restoration • Inertia, synthetic inertia, rate of change of frequency. • Adapt training of system operators. sustainable electricity for all

6 NEW CONCEPTS FOR PROTECTION Key Cigré work on: SC B5  New Wide area Protection systems  Impact on the protection system of new generation SC C4 technologies (decreasing short circuit power)  Capabilities for Fault Ride Trough  Coordination between protection and new generators SC C6 capabilities  Inadvertent Islanding detection  Intentional islanded operation  Rapid under frequency operation  Data management and architecture of the future  Metering as information collectors for distribution networks automation, home energy management and EVs sustainable electricity for all

7 NEW CONCEPTS IN PLANNING Key Cigré work on: SC C1  Risk-based planning to manage uncertainties and changes in nature of supply and demand and role SC C3 of the power system  Interaction of transmission and distribution expansion investment needs, to plan best for SC C4 demand response, distributed generation  Understand cost, capabilities and lead times of each new technology SC C6  Keep learning about pros, cons and combinations of central planning vs. market solutions under changing market and regulatory environments SC B2  Single phase analysis, integration of microgrids, load and voltage determination.  Integration of HVDC Grids and AC Networks SC B5 sustainable electricity for all

8 NEW TOOLS FOR TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE Key Cigré work on:  Advanced numerical techniques and numerical SC C4 methods for the solution of multiphase load-flow problems, steady-state initialization of network studies and time-domain simulation SC C6  Bridging the gap between 3-phase and positive sequence modeling – single phase  Geographical Information System (GIS) based tools SC C1  Advanced tools and techniques for power balancing and reserve requirement evaluation  Operational tools allowing a probabilistic and risk- based planning  New tools for development and operation of active networks, especially their dynamic behavior, islanding and power quality effects  Models for assessing the interaction between the ac system and HVDC converter stations, HVDC Grids and for FACTS devices sustainable electricity for all

9 INCREASED USE OF EXISTING ROUTES Key Cigré work on: SC B1  Which technologies can be used for uprating SC B2 existing lines: probabilistic ratings, real time ratings, high temperature conductors  Convert AC to DC lines SC B4  Develop new insulated AC or DC submarine and underground cables for offshore wind farms  Investigate the ability of all components to SC C3 withstand transients and over voltages  Increased use of interconnections and their implications on planning, operation & control and SC C4 the establishment of electricity markets SC C1 sustainable electricity for all

10 NEED FOR STAKEHOLDER AWARENESS Key Cigré work on: SC B1 In the planning phase : SC B2  To demonstrate the usefulness and the benefits given by the network  To guarantee that Sustainable Development principles SC C3 and issues are being incorporated since this stage  To take into account public views and needs already in the design steps (e.g. the choice of alternatives) SC C6  Community involvement In the construction and operation phases:  SC C1 To demonstrate the compliance with environmental standards, to obtain a support to the necessary actions (e.g. maintenance ,…)  Community involvement sustainable electricity for all

SUSTAINABLE ELECTRICITY FOR ALL Low density, high cost, low Error!Error! demand, no address, pre paid meters. House cannot support Connection, house may move, long distance to repair faults sustainable electricity for all

THANK YOU rob.stephen@eskom.co.za