EFFECT OF ALKALINE PEROXIDE PRETREATMENT ON FIBRE COMPOSITION OF VARIOUS LIGNOCELLULOSIC RESIDUES Cristina Marzo, J. Álvarez, A.B. Díaz, I. Caro, A. Blandino University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es
I NTRODUCTION Exhausted sugar beet Wheat straw (WS) Rice husk (RH) Sunflower stalk (SS) cossettes (ESBC) Low-Cost Abundant Polyhydroxyalkanoates Fuels Organic acids Fuels (PHAs) University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es 2
I NTRODUCTION Biotechnological process Lignocellulosic Enzymatic Pretreatment Fermentation biomass hydrolysis Alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment The aim is to break down the recalcitrant structure of lignocellulose to make cellulose and hemicellulose more accessible to the enzymes University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es 3
I NTRODUCTION Alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment Advantages Disadvantages This pretreatment is an oxidative process which could significantly improve biomass digestibility. It selectively removes lignin and deconstructs the cell walls. University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es 4
MATERIAL AND METHODS UNIVERSITY OF CÁDIZ (SPAIN) E-MAIL: CRISTINA.MARZO@UCA.ES 5
M ATERIAL AND M ETHODS All the solids were milled and sieved Exhausted sugar beet Particle size Particle size cossettes (ESBC) • 0 – 0.5 mm • 0.5 – 1 mm • 0.5 – 1 mm • 1 – 1.5 mm Rice husk (RH) • 1.5 – 2 mm Sunflower stalk (SS) Wheat straw (WS) University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es 6
M ATERIAL AND M ETHODS Alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment 1:20 (w/v) Hydrogen peroxide Solid at 4 % (w/v) Incubation Filtration Washing Drying Whatman No. 1 Neutral pH 40ºC - 24h 30ºC – 24h filter paper pH 11.5 (NaOH) University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es 7
M ATERIAL AND M ETHODS . F IBRE COMPOSITIONAL A NALYSIS The determination of acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) according to EN ISO 13906:2008 The determination of amylase treated neutral detergent fibre (NDF) according to AOAC 2002:04/ISO 16472:2006. Code Sample fraction Compliant substances Denomination A removed with acetone Fats, oils, wax fats B+C removed with neutral detergent Proteins, enzymes, pectins, soluble salts, etc. Salts and no cellulosic B no calcined removed soluble salts Salts C calcined removed rest of removable material no saline no cellulosic D removed with acid detergent Hemicellulose, etc. Hemicellulose E removed with concentrated acid Cellulose, soluble lignin Cellulose D+E removed with acid hemicellulose, cellulose and soluble lignin Cellulose and Hemicellulose F calcined not removed insoluble lignin, etc. Lignin G not calcined and not removed insoluble salts, minerals, etc. Minerals B+G total no calcined T otal salts Salts and minerals University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es 8
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION UNIVERSITY OF CÁDIZ (SPAIN) E-MAIL: CRISTINA.MARZO@UCA.ES 9
R ESULTS AND D ISCUSSION . Influence on the solid particle size Fibre composition of rice husk AHP pre-treatment was applied on milled rice husk 0,0 - 0,5 mm 0,5 -1,0 mm 1,0 - 1,5 mm 1,5 -2,0 mm 0 ‐ 0,5 0,5 ‐ 1 and four different ranges of 70 70 size were assayed 60 60 Composition (%) Composition (%) 50 50 0 – 0.5 mm 40 40 0.5 – 1 mm 30 30 1 – 1.5 mm 20 20 1.5 – 2 mm 10 10 0 0 The average weight losses produced after AHP peroxide pre-treatment was 25.31 ± 0.38 % Before AHP pretreatment After AHP pretreatment University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es 10
R ESULTS AND D ISCUSSION . Effect on different agro-industrial residues Fibre composition after AHP Fibre composition before AHP Sunflowers stalks Wheat straw Sunflowers stalks Wheat straw Exhausted sugar beet cossettes Rice husks Exhausted sugar beet cossettes Rice husks 70 70 60 60 Composition (%) 50 Composition (%) 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es 11
R ESULTS AND D ISCUSSION . Effect on different agro-industrial residues Exhausted sugar beet Wheat straw Sunflowers stalks Rice husks cossettes Before After Before After Before After Before After 70 70 70 70 60 60 60 60 Composition (%) Composition (%) Composition (%) Composition (%) 50 50 50 50 40 40 40 40 30 30 30 30 20 20 20 20 10 10 10 10 0 0 0 0 University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es 12
CONCLUSIONS UNIVERSITY OF CÁDIZ (SPAIN) E-MAIL: CRISTINA.MARZO@UCA.ES 13
C ONCLUSIONS Lignocellulosic biomass is a potential raw material for the production of added-value products through fermentation of monomeric sugars. Nevertheless, a previous pretreatment stage is needed to make the polymers more accessible to the enzymes in the hydrolysis step producing the fermentable sugars Efficient pretreatment to remove a significant amount of lignin Cellulose fraction was not affected achieving its concentration Higher concentrations of hydrolysable polymers were attained; higher hydrolysis yields. University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es 14
EFFECT OF ALKALINE PEROXIDE PRETREATMENT ON FIBRE COMPOSITION OF VARIOUS LIGNOCELLULOSIC RESIDUES Cristina Marzo, J. Álvarez, A.B. Díaz, I. Caro, A. Blandino University of Cádiz (Spain) e-mail: cristina.marzo@uca.es
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