13 th Military Airworthiness Conference 25 th September 2013 EASA Presentation Pascal Medal Head Of Certification Experts Department EASA
Index Summary of European Civil Airworthiness Certification Civil aircraft certification: historical background From JAA to EASA System EASA Type Certification Process TC/STC procedures Certification Handbook/PID Certification Memos Level Of Involvement (LOI) Operational Suitability Data Items for cooperation RPAS MIDCAS Extended CAW e.g. A 400M 25th September 2013 EASA Certification Experience 2
Historical Summary of European Civil Airworthiness Certification (1 / 2) Civil Type Certification: historical background Convention on International Civil Aviation, Chicago in 1944: ICAO ICAO Civil Standards and recommended practices for airworthiness of aircraft adopted by ICAO Council on 01 st March 1949 (pursuant to provisions of Article 37 Convention), and were designated as “ Airworthiness of Aircraft ” Annex 8 to the Convention On 06 th June 2000, the Air Navigation Commission reviewed a recommendation of the Continuing Airworthiness Panel to formally introduce the “Type Certificate” concept in Annex 8, (already referred together with type certification process in Airworthiness Technical Manual Doc 9051) ICAO Annex 8 Type Certificate definition: “ A document issued by a Contracting State to define the design of an aircraft type and to certify that this design meets the appropriate airworthiness requirements of that State ” EASA Framework: Part 21.A.41 definition for Type Certificate 25th September 2013 EASA Certification Experience 3
Historical Summary of European Civil Airworthiness Certification (2 / 2) From JAA to EASA System EU Agency depending from DG-MOVE Created on 1970, as an ECAC associated body • • First discussions 1996 – Created by Basic • Member States NAAs (44 ECAC members - 2012) • Regulation 1592/2002, currently EC 216/2008 Initial objective: to develop common airworthiness • Created Sep 02 – Effective starting date 28 Sep 03 • certification specs for large transport aeroplanes (industry support – first Airbus programmes A300) Initial HQ Brussels – Moved to Cologne in 2003 – • Brussels Office opened in 2011 1987 extension of scope: common standards for • At a first stage, focused on initial and continued maintenance – ops – licensing - other aircraft • airworthiness types’ airworthiness specs 1 st Remit extension 2008: Ops – Licensing – • Headquarter in Hoofdorp (NL) – Decisions with no • Aeromedical - Third Country Operators – Training national legal value Orgs 2 nd Remit extension 2009: Aerodromes - ATM • Aircraft Certification processes done by JAA- multi • Aircraft Certification processes by EASA teams – NAAs teams - Recommendation for TC issued - To • TC’s issued and legally valid on all EASA member be legally adopted one by one by Member States - States with no further action – EASA adopts Subject to addition of National Differences. certification specifications and guidance material. Standardisation a voluntary process to achieve • Standardisation of Member States NAAs based on • mutual recognition status. EU Law. A JAA Member State may accept or not an initial • An EASA team standardisation visit can not be • standardisation visit. refused. 25th September 2013 EASA Certification Experience 4
EASA Type Certification Process Type Certificate “Basic Regulation” 216/2008 • Article 3.c): “Product” shall mean an aircraft, engine, propeller • Article 5.2.a): Products shall have a type certificate Objectives for a Certification System: • Safe • Common regulatory and certification standards • Effective • User friendly and time - cost efficient (single TC valid in all Member States) • Meet both Public and Industry expectations Advantages: Principles for a Certification System • Every organisation (EASA, DOA, POA) having their own (EU products): roles and responsibilities • Industry has detailed product knowledge, expertise and • Rely on three related and required approvals I+D capabilities • Product Type Certification approval – TC • Type Investigation and compliance demonstration by DOAs • Design Organisation Approval - DOA approved and audited by EASA • Production Organisation Approval – POA • Independent Checking function inside DOA • Continued Airworthiness process allow to • Monitoring and verification by EASA on both organisation legally enforce necessary corrective actions and at product level based on in service experience • It allows EASA to decide and agree with DOA which aspects of compliance verification can be delegated to DOA and which ones retained by Agency, allowing to focus on more critical aspects of compliance verification (level of involvement definition) 25th September 2013 EASA Certification Experience 5
EASA Type Certification Process Advantages: It allows EASA to decide and agree with DOA which aspects of compliance verification can be delegated to DOA and which ones retained by Agency, allowing to focus on more critical aspects of compliance verification (level of involvement definition) TC Process: Phases Phase I Phase II: Phase III: Phase IV: Technical Familiarization Certification Programme Compliance Determination Final EASA report – TC Agreement Issuance Establishment Type Certif. Basis Objective criteria to • TOMORROW TODAY Programme Milestones define Agency LoI • Level of Involvement Responsibles (names, Certification Programme • Potential unsafe • Concept (LoI) tasks, competences) defines on Applicant side conditions, past accidents, etc Working methods • For each means of • Degree of Technology Applicable requirments • compliance • Today’s EASA practice novelty for both the demonstration, Agency with “big” DOA players Proposed testing • Agency and applicant shall determine LoI about compliance docs: Substantiation • • CAT 1 to be EASA documents, analysis, Based on level of Applicant shall record • • accepted reports and evidences performance showed justification of • CAT 2: 6 weeks for to be generated in the past by compliance EASA comments, after Applicant Subject to • that considered accepted revision/update / • CAT 3: DOA approved, Dynamically adapted • change as cert. process available to EASA on as level of performance progress: LoI may demand showed during decrease or increase particular process 25th September 2013 EASA Certification Experience 6
EASA Certification Procedures TC/STC procedures EASA - Internal working procedures Certification Handbook (User Guide) Certification Memos EASA - Certification Memoranda 25th September 2013 EASA Certification Experience 7
Level Of Involvement Proposal 1/2 Formally introduce a risk based approach both in product certification and design organisation approvals, Enable the Agency to determine its level of involvement in product certification on the basis of consistently tangible criteria, based on safety risk, Introduce the possibility to approve major changes, major repairs and STC under a DOA privilege, under certain conditions, Establish product certification and design organisation approvals as two separate processes sharing the same common risk based elements, Improve the clarity of part 21 text, by separating the requirements applicable to product certification and design organization approvals 25th September 2013 EASA Certification Experience 8
Level Of Involvement 2/2 Enablers in Part 21, but needs amendments to AMC material to specify the conditions, On going initiatives with Industry participation, pilot projects, Assess & Rely on DOA (rating table), Linked to Safety Management System, Aim is to better tackle the important aspects, focusing resources where really needed, 25th September 2013 EASA Certification Experience 9
Operational Suitability Data Referenced in Regulation 216/2008, article 5, 7 , 8, 21, annex 4, etc… Amendment to REG 748/2012 part 21 “OSD” (opinion agreed in July 2013) Paragraph 21-A-15 is laying down the OSD items: Minimum Syllabus of Pilot Type Rating (+ CS-FC) Minimum Syllabus of Maintenance Certifying Staff (+ CS-MCS) Determination of type or variant for Cabin Crew (+ CS-CCM) MMEL (+ CS-MMEL) Definition of scope of aircraft validation source data to support objective qualification of simulators (+ CS-SIM) Other Type related Operational Suitability elements 25th September 2013 EASA Certification Experience 10
Cooperation EASA / EDA Arrangement EASA/EDA signed on 18 th June 2013 Support needs to be considered (several options), but EASA certification is funded through a F&C scheme, resources can only be deployed if income is set adequately Cooperation already in force: Flight Test Center(s): CEV France, Italy, Germany, to be pursued and amplified, EASA Focal point for Military coordination: Jose Penedo is acting 25th September 2013 EASA Certification Experience 11
Items for Cooperation 1/2 Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems MIDCAS, EASA involvement has started EASA - Policy statements On going projects: A 400M post TC and CAW-MoU Arrangement(s) for surveillance (organisations) Certification of configurations for Civil /Military use, simplifying the processes, 25th September 2013 EASA Certification Experience 12
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