Computer Assisted Instruction: Computer Assisted Instruction: Applications in Science Education Applications in Science Education Dr. Dr. Sudip Dr. Dr. Sudip Sudip Chaudhuri Sudip Chaudhuri Chaudhuri Chaudhuri M. Sc., M. Tech., Ph.D. (Sc.) (SINP / Cal M. Sc., M. Tech., Ph.D. (Sc.) (SINP / Cal), M. Ed. ), M. Ed. Assistant Professor Assistant Professor,-Stage Stage-3 / Reader 3 / Reader Gandhi Gandhi Centenary B.T. College, Centenary B.T. College, Habra Habra chaudhurisudip@yahoo.co.in chaudhurisudip@yahoo.co.in Lehman - Purdue University
What is CAI ? What is CAI ? A self self-learning learning technique, technique, usually usually offline/online, offline/online, involving involving interaction interaction of of the the student student with with programmed programmed instructional instructional materials materials. . Computer Computer-assisted assisted instruction instruction (CAI) (CAI) is is an an interactive interactive instructional instructional technique technique whereby whereby a computer computer is is used used to to present present the the instructional instructional material and material and monitor monitor the the learning learning that that takes takes place place. . CAI CAI uses uses a combination combination of of text, text, graphics, graphics, sound sound and and video video in in enhancing enhancing the the learning learning process process. . CAI CAI refers refers to to the the use use of of the the computer computer as as a tool tool to to facilitate facilitate and and improve instruction improve instruction. CAI CAI programs programs use use tutorials, tutorials, drill drill and and practice, practice, simulation, simulation, and and problem problem solving solving approaches approaches to to present present topics topics and and they they test test the the student's student's understanding understanding. . Lehman - Purdue University
School districts are turning to advances in School districts are turning to advances in computers to… computers to… – – Reduce administrative Reduce administrative burden; burden; – – Compensate for poor Compensate for poor teacher content knowledge teacher content knowledge (especially in districts that (especially in districts that (especially in districts that (especially in districts that report difficulty recruiting report difficulty recruiting and retaining teachers, and retaining teachers, particularly in math and particularly in math and science); science); – Allow more individualized Allow more individualized student attention; students student attention; students can progress at own pace. can progress at own pace. Lehman - Purdue University
Computer Based Instruction Computer Based Instruction What is it? What is it? CBI Forms of computer Forms of computer assisted instruction assisted instruction Advantages and Advantages and limitations limitations Research Research Integration Integration Evaluation Evaluation Lehman - Purdue University
Computer Based Instruction Computer Based Instruction Lehman - Purdue University
Computer Based Instruction Computer Based Instruction Computer based instruction (CBI) is Computer based instruction (CBI) is defined as the use of the computer in defined as the use of the computer in the delivery of instruction. the delivery of instruction. the delivery of instruction. the delivery of instruction. Other similar terms include: Other similar terms include: computer based training (CBT), computer based training (CBT), computer assisted instruction (CAI), and computer assisted instruction (CAI), and computer assisted learning (CAL). computer assisted learning (CAL). Lehman - Purdue University
Computer Based Instruction Computer Based Instruction CBI is the oldest CBI is the oldest form of computer form of computer 2 use in education; use in education; +2 when most people when most people think of computer think of computer applications in applications in education, they think education, they think of CBI first. of CBI first. Lehman - Purdue University
Innovative methods Innovative methods – – (situational) (situational) –Quick learning Quick learning –More learning More learning –Longer retention Longer retention Lehman - Purdue University
CAI programmes CAI programmes » » Drill and Practice Drill and Practice » » Simulation Simulation » » Instructional game Instructional game » Tutorial Tutorial » Discovery Discovery » Problem solving Problem solving Lehman - Purdue University
Common Categories of CBI Common Categories of CBI Drill and Practice Drill and Practice Tutorial Tutorial Simulation Simulation Simulation Simulation Instructional Game Instructional Game Problem Problem-Solving Solving Other Other Lehman - Purdue University
Drill and Practice Drill and Practice Exercises designed to increase fluency Exercises designed to increase fluency in a new skill or body of knowledge or to in a new skill or body of knowledge or to refresh an existing skill or body of refresh an existing skill or body of refresh an existing skill or body of refresh an existing skill or body of knowledge. knowledge. This approach assumes that the This approach assumes that the learners have previously been learners have previously been introduced to the content. introduced to the content. Lehman - Purdue University
Drill and Practice Drill and Practice Traditionally associated with basic skills Traditionally associated with basic skills in topics such as: in topics such as: – Science – Science Science Science – Mathematics Mathematics Good programs provide user control, Good programs provide user control, give feedback and reinforcement, and give feedback and reinforcement, and help learners master skills. help learners master skills. Lehman - Purdue University
Drill and Practice Drill and Practice Good for basic skills/knowledge where Good for basic skills/knowledge where rapid student response is desired. rapid student response is desired. Usually best to use in a series of brief Usually best to use in a series of brief Usually best to use in a series of brief Usually best to use in a series of brief sessions. sessions. Mainly intended for use by individuals. Mainly intended for use by individuals. Should be geared to a level appropriate Should be geared to a level appropriate for the students. for the students. Lehman - Purdue University
Tutorial Tutorial A form of CBI in which the computer A form of CBI in which the computer assumes the role of a tutor assumes the role of a tutor -- -- introducing content, providing practice, introducing content, providing practice, introducing content, providing practice, introducing content, providing practice, and assessing learning. and assessing learning. Tutorials are used to introduce new Tutorials are used to introduce new content to learners in much the same content to learners in much the same manner that a human teacher might. manner that a human teacher might. Lehman - Purdue University
Tutorial Tutorial Because tutorials present content to Because tutorials present content to students, they can be used in any area students, they can be used in any area of the curriculum for: of the curriculum for: – remediation when learners lack necessary remediation when learners lack necessary background knowledge. background knowledge. – enrichment when learners wish to go enrichment when learners wish to go beyond the basics. beyond the basics. – introduction of content to all learners introduction of content to all learners (freeing the instructor to do other things). (freeing the instructor to do other things). Lehman - Purdue University
Tutorial Tutorial Good for verbal and conceptual Good for verbal and conceptual learning. learning. May require significant investment of May require significant investment of May require significant investment of May require significant investment of students’ time. students’ time. Can be effectively used by individuals or Can be effectively used by individuals or groups of 2 groups of 2-3 students. 3 students. Should be followed by opportunities for Should be followed by opportunities for student application of knowledge. student application of knowledge. Lehman - Purdue University
Simulation Simulation A form of CBI that provides a simplified A form of CBI that provides a simplified representation of a real situation, representation of a real situation, phenomenon, or process. phenomenon, or process. phenomenon, or process. phenomenon, or process. Provides the opportunity for students to Provides the opportunity for students to apply knowledge in a realistic format but apply knowledge in a realistic format but without the time, expense, or risk without the time, expense, or risk associated with the real thing. associated with the real thing. Lehman - Purdue University
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