6 th Geospatial World Forum Development of Response System for Volcanic Disasters 1
The study area, Mt. Baekdu is the highest mountain(2,750m) in • korea. In 969 , there was a large volcanic eruption(VEI 7.0) that had • a wide spread impact by 1,000km more than hokkaido in Japan. Since 2002 , volcanic earthquakes have been observed 10 to 15 • times each month in Mt. Baekdu Mt. Baekdu currently is a claasiffied as ‘ a high-risk volcano ’(Fig • 1)’ Small-scale volcanic eruptions do not cause much damage. • However, with a large volcanic eruption in 969 happening again, then we can encounter lager political and economical impact than before. Therefore, we need to develop an integrated volcano disater • response system in order to minimize any potential volcanic damage . < Fig 1. Study area(right) and Location of magma/frequency of volcanic earthquake(left) >
Development of volcanic disasters resoponse system Planning stategy Designing system Development of pilot system < Fig 2. Annual objectives >
A response system for volcanic disasters consists of followings : 1) Damage prediction DB 2) Integrated damage prediction system 3) Decision support system 4) 3D GIS visualition system and Web GIS system 5) User interface < Fig 3. Architecture of response system for volcanic disasters >
The process of the response system : First, a damage prediction scenario was processed by integrated damage prediction • system and the results store at damage prediction DB in advance. Second, this results are shown by 2D/3D GIS visualization module similar to the actual • situation. Third, when a volcanic eruption occurs, the decision support system searches most similar • prediction scenarios in the prediction DB, estimates damages, and supplies a targeted response plan very quickly. < Fig 4. Architecture of response system for volcanic disasters >
The system menu is designed based on the system architecture and work process analysis results. < Fig 5. System menu of volcanic disasters response system >
Application models for various volcanic disaster Volcanic disasters can be categorized as volcanic ash, volcanic flood, pyroclastic • flow/volcanic mudflow, and volcanic earthquake. For volcanic ash, we need various programs as PANOPOLY1.0, SURFER10.0, NetCDF4.0.1, • PGI2.0, FALL3D6.2. We can freely use most of the programs because they have open source codes except PGI, • ARC-GIS and SURFER. For volcanic floods, Pyroclastic flow and volcanic mudflow, commercial ARC-GIS software • and Global-mapper are used for analyzing prediction models. < Fig 6. Risk assessment models for integrated damage prediction system >
For location based damage analysis, we need various GIS database. • Therefore, we constructed GIS DB such as satellite image map, DEM, land cover map, • hydrographic map, geological map, etc. Classifica Classification Area Data Spec. Dimension note Area Data Spec. Dimension note tion Image Map 0.1m ~ 0.5m 2D NGI, Image Map 0.5m 2D New developmnt. DEM 1m ~ 5m 3D NGI, DEM 10m 3D New developmnt. Digital Map 1/1,000 ~ 1/5,000 2D,3D NGI, Land cover Map 1:5,000 2D New developmnt. surface deforma Seoul and 6 metropoli 3D Model 3D NGI, tion change Ma 25m-50m 4D New developmnt. tan city etc. p suface temperat Indirect 30m-60m 4D New developmnt. South K Land cover M Mnstry. of Environmn Volcanic Mt. Impected ure change Map 1:5,000 2D orea ap t. Acitivity Baek Area 2D digital topograp Area du 1/5,000 New developmnt. hydrographic hic map 1/5,000 2D New developmnt. 3D map hydrographic m slope, gradien 1/5,000 2D New developmnt. 5m 2D New developmnt. ap t azimuthal ma slope, gradient 10m 2D New developmnt. 5m 2D New developmnt. p azimuthal map 10m 2D New developmnt. demographica 1/5,000 2D New developmnt. demographical l map 1/5,000 2D New developmnt. map Image Map 15m 2D MLTM Image Map 1m ~ 2.5m 2D NGI, KARI DEM 90m 3D MLTM DEM 10m ~ 20m 3D NGI, KARI Land cover M Mnstry. of Environmn digital topograp global scale 2D 1/25,000 ~ 1/5,000 2D,3D NGI, ap t. hic map hydrographic Direct 1/100,000 2D New developmnt. Mnstry. of Enviro map North Land cover Map 1:25,000 2D Global Area Globe nmnt. Impected slope, gradien 90m 2D New developmnt. Korea t hydrographic m Area 1/25,000 2D New developmnt. azimuthal ma ap 90m 2D New developmnt. p slope, gradient 20m 2D New developmnt. azimuthal map 20m 2D New developmnt. demographica 1/100,000 2D New developmnt. l map demographical 1/25,000 2D New developmnt. map
Example of basic GIS DB • Construction method of Mt. Baekdu(100kmⅩ100km) precise DEM(Digtal Elevation Model) 10m DEM of study area = ① + ② + ③ China ① Mt. Baekdu(25kmⅩ25km ) : TerraSAR 2012 New 10M DEM ② North Korea : Digital topographic map 10M Mt, Baekdu DEM(NGII) ③ CHINA : North Korea Global SRTM 90M DEM(MLTM) • Sateliite Image • Geological Map • Land Cover Map
We developed a pilot 3D visualization program for volcanic ash diffusion and sedimentation • Sample modeling data was derived by volcano ash simulation model(Puff, Fall3D, FLEXPART) • and was transferred to grid data(x, y, z, t, value) for particle distribution of the analyzed area • in proportion to the concentration of volcanic ash. Volcanic ash concentration and deposition data used in the pilot program is the calculated • data from Oct 29th to 31st of 2010 and it include the weather data of relevant date. < Fig 7. 3D GIS visualization test result of volcanic ash modeling based on senario >
A volcanic disaster response pilot system is developed by defining work processes, building • a GIS DB, proposed system design and application of various prediction models. < Result of volcanic ash diffusion simulation > < Damage amount of volcanic ash simulation and response manual>
< result of Pilot system test scenario>
< result of Pilot system test scenario>
This study proposes planning strategy, designing system and development of pilot system for volcanic disaster response system . Damage prediction should be based on spatial information and a decision support system to support the user’s decision efficiently. We have designed the response system and developed pilot system for volcanic disasters. We are going to develop a integrated system and to final test it in the near future. It is expected that the system in this study will effectively reduce the damages in the field of the industry, the transportation, and the environment during volcanic eruption.
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