DAVID KNAPP STRUCTURAL OPTION SPRING 2003
OAK BROOK POINTE Six story office building Chicago suburb 250,000 ft 2 total
Contents Relevant Building Depth: Structural Steel Background � Loads � Gravity Design � Design Team � Mechanical Integration � Architecture � Lateral System � Structure � Final Design � Mechanical System � Cost Breadth: Green Roof Conclusions � Benefits � Design Acknowledgements Breadth: Mechanical System Questions � Roof Adjustments � Floor Adjustments David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Contents Relevant Building Depth: Structural Steel Background � Loads � Gravity Design � Design Team � Mechanical Integration � Architecture � Lateral System � Structure � Final Design � Mechanical System � Cost Breadth: Green Roof Conclusions � Benefits � Design Acknowledgements Breadth: Mechanical System Questions � Roof Adjustments � Floor Adjustments David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Design Team Owner – Hines Architect – Wright Architects, LTD Structural Engineer – Halvorson & Kaye Structural Engineers, PC MEPFP Engineer – Cosentini Associates General Contractor & CM – Turner Construction Civil Consultants – SDI Consultants, LTD David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Architecture 700 Commerce Dr. Oak Brook, IL 120 ° L-shape Footprint, stepped wing ends Award-winning pre-cast w/ blue reflective glass exterior $21 million project cost, $16.5 million for building David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Architecture Typical floor plan David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Initial Structural System Gravity System – Two-way reinforced concrete flat slab with drop panels Lateral System – continuously poured slabs and columns forming slab frames Typical Bay Strip – 30’ wide with 35’ side bays with a 30’ center “corridor” bay Foundations – Square spread footings, basement floor is slab on grade Concrete – Normal weight with 28-day compressive strength of 6,000 psi at columns and walls; 4,000 psi everywhere else David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Initial Structural System Typical structural layout David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Initial Mechanical System RTU 1 & 4 RTU 2 & 3 RTU 5 & 6 Six rooftop packaged units SERVICE Floor 5 Floors 1-4 Floors 1-4 EVAPORATOR FAN: 12” deep main supply loop with VAV fan boxes 1680 CFM Fan Box Air flow (CM) 22,000 42,000 42,000 1680 CFM Fan Box Fan RPM 1060 880 880 EXHAUST FAN: 2 29,000 CFM exhaust fans in basement 24x12 36x12 30x12 Air flow (CM) 22,000 42,000 42,000 Fan RPM 650 610 610 CONDESSOR FAN: 76x14 Air flow (CM) 40,800 63,200 63,200 30x12 COMPRESSOR DATA: 54x20 RPM 3450 3450 3450 1400 CFM Fan Box EVAPORATOR COIL: 144x18 Return Air Duct Total cooling load (BTU) 806,000 1,530,000 1,530,000 36x12 Sensible cooling load (BTU) 589,000 1,164,000 1,164,000 Entering D.B. Temp. (°F) 83 80 80 36x12 44x12 58x12 Entering W.B. Temp. (°F) 66 66 66 76x14 Leaving D.B. Temp. (°F) 55 55 55 1530 CFM Fan Box 1530 CFM Fan Box Ambient D.B. Temp (°F) 94 94 94 ELECTRIC HEATER: kW 90 190 190 TOTAL WEIGHT (lbs) 11,000 17,000 17,000 Typical mechanical plan David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Contents Relevant Building Depth: Structural Steel Background � Loads � Gravity Design � Design Team � Mechanical Integration � Architecture � Lateral System � Structure � Final Design � Mechanical System � Cost Breadth: Green Roof Conclusions � Benefits � Design Acknowledgements Breadth: Mechanical System Questions � Roof Adjustments � Floor Adjustments David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Green Roof A green roof is a system of filtering layers and growth layers, characterized by soils, grasses, shrubs, even trees, that substitutes for conventional flat roof water-proofing. Popular in Europe In the process of becoming mandatory in Chicago David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Green Roof - Benefits Reduced Urban Heat Island Effect Effective management and utilization of stormwater Clean and oxigenated air Reduced heat and noise translation through roof Creation of additional usable space and property value for the building tenants Infrared photo of U.H.I.E. David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Green Roof - Design Products by HydroTech USA Two main types: � Extensive Garden Roof � Intensive Garden Roof Two alternatives: � Extensive Garden Roof w/ public access intensive system park area � Emergency egress requirements � Non-public extensive system over the entire roof David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Green Roof - Cost ALT. 1 ALT. 2 EXTENSIVE INTENSIVE EXTENSIVE AREA (ft 2 ) 30,800 6,675 37,475 SYSTEM $215,600 $146,850 $262,325 PLANTS $61,600 $233,625 $74,950 INSTALLATION $154,000 $86,775 $187,375 GUARDRAIL - $10,500 - BUILDING - $16,500 - TOTALS $431,200 $494,250 $524,650 $925,450 OVERALL TOTAL $524,650 MAINTAINENCE $46,200/yr $10,000/yr $56,200/yr Initial Ballasted Membrane Roof: $250,000 David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Contents Relevant Building Depth: Structural Steel Background � Loads � Gravity Design � Design Team � Mechanical Integration � Architecture � Lateral System � Structure � Final Design � Mechanical System � Cost Breadth: Green Roof Conclusions � Benefits � Design Acknowledgements Breadth: Mechanical System Questions � Roof Adjustments � Floor Adjustments David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Mechanical Redesign - Roof Red: Existing design Blue: Proposed design David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Mechanical Redesign - Roof Initial RTU configuration Proposed RTU configuration David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Mechanical Redesign - Floors 1680 CFM Fan Box 1680 CFM Fan Box 24x13 24x13 30x13 30x13 76x14 54x20 24x13 1400 CFM Fan Box 144x18 Return Air Duct 54x20 76x14 30x13 30x13 24x13 1530 CFM Fan Box 1530 CFM Fan Box Proposed mechanical layout David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Contents Relevant Building Depth: Structural Steel Background � Gravity Design � Mechanical Integration � Design Team � Lateral System � Architecture � Final Design � Structure � Cost � Mechanical System Conclusions Breadth: Green Roof � Benefits Acknowledgements � Design Breadth: Mechanical Questions System � Roof Adjustments � Floor Adjustments David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Steel – Gravity Design Loads the same except: � Dead load = 80 psf � Green roof system: � Extensive = 35 psf � Intensive = 120 psf 2” Lok-floor composite deck with 3” LW concrete cover Composite beam and column design by RAMSteel COLUMN SCHEDULE LOCATION B - 2 2 - 4 4 - R Exterior W12x72 W12x53 W12x40 Interior W12x106 W12x72 W12x53 David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Steel – Gravity Design Gravity framing layout David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Steel – Mechanical Integration AVOID BUILDING HEIGHT INCREASE Increases total square footage of exterior cladding Increases length of vertical elements such as stairs, elevators, utility shafts, and columns Increases lateral loading and their respective resisting systemsIncreases volume of conditioned air GOAL: MAINTAIN 3’-1” PLENUM David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Steel – Mechanical Integration VIERENDEEL TRUSSES Castellated beams too deep Vulcraft composite joists too conservative WT chords, LL angle web members Girders increased to W24x55 for framing David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Steel – Mechanical Integration GIRDER OPENINGS Large opening – cantilever support Wide opening – Reinforced web opening David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Steel – Lateral System Shear walls (green) surrounding elevator core Steel moment frames (blue) to assist with torsion David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Steel – Lateral System Shear walls reinforcement: #5 @ 12” horizontal � 26 - #9 bars for flexure � David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Steel – Final Design Final proposed structural plan David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Steel - Cost ITEM MATERIAL LABOR EQUIPMENT TOTAL Steel Framing $735,000 $207,360 $63,600 $1,005,960 V. Trusses $60,368 $24,538 $7,526 $92,432 Shear Studs $17,468 $55,611 $7,130 $80,208 Fireproofing $159,250 $150,000 $30,000 $339,250 Steel Deck $857,500 $231,000 $15,000 $1,103,500 Concrete Slabs $202,860 $201,600 $66,000 $470,460 Concrete Walls $84,280 $103,200 $21,500 $208,980 Mat Foundation $10,290 $6,600 $100 $16,990 Spread Footings $40,572 $33,120 $345 $74,037 SUPERSTRUCTURE TOTAL $3,391,817 Initial Superstructure: $4,700,000 David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
Contents Relevant Building Depth: Structural Steel Background � Gravity Design � Mechanical Integration � Design Team � Lateral System � Architecture � Final Design � Structure � Cost � Mechanical System Conclusions Breadth: Green Roof � Benefits Acknowledgements � Design Breadth: Mechanical Questions System � Roof Adjustments � Floor Adjustments David Knapp Oak Brook Pointe
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