Da iry Dig e ste r E missio ns Ma trix (DRAF T ) DAIRY AND L - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Da iry Dig e ste r E missio ns Ma trix (DRAF T ) DAIRY AND L IVE ST OCK SUBGROUP #2: F OST E RING MARKE T S F OR DIGE ST E R PROJE CT S Ma y 23, 2018 Sa c ra me nto , CA Julie Billing to n 1

I ntro duc tio n Goa ls: • I de ntify c o mmo n o r re a so na b ly fe a sib le pa thwa ys fo r tra nspo rta tio n use s o f me tha ne fro m da iry dig e stio n • I de ntify re a so na b le a ssumptio ns a nd sc e na rio s • E missio ns using CA-GRE E T 2.0 2

T e rmino lo g y Bio me thane : me tha ne de rive d fro m dig e stio n o f o rg a nic s upg ra de d to b e suita b le fo r pipe line inje c tio n Bio gas : dig e ste r g a s fo r o n-site use tha t ha s no t b e e n upg ra de d fo r pipe line inje c tio n o c al : e missio ns o r fue l use o c c urring o n-site plus e missio ns o r fue l use L o c c urring b e fo re g a s is inje c te d into a pipe line o r e le c tric ity is pla c e d o n the g rid Re mo te : e missio ns o r fue l use o c c urring o ff-site a fte r g a s is inje c te d into a pipe line o r e le c tric ity is pla c e d o n the g rid. I nc lude s g rid e le c tric ity use d fo r da iry fa rm e q uipme nt. 3

Ba se line a nd Pa thwa ys E va lua te d Base line : Unc o ve re d la g o o n Pathways (fr om c ove r e d lagoon): 1. Bio g a s to o n-site re c ipro c a ting e ng ine pro duc ing g rid e le c tric ity fo r po we ring e le c tric ve hic le s (E V) 2. Bio me tha ne inje c tio n to pipe line fo r po we ring na tura l g a s (NG) ve hic le s 3. Bio me tha ne inje c tio n to pipe line fo r use in la rg e , c o mb ine d c yc le po we r pla nts pro duc ing g rid e le c tric ity fo r po we ring E Vs 4. Bio me tha ne inje c tio n to pipe line fo r ste a m me tha ne re fo rma tio n (SMR) pro duc ing hydro g e n fo r po we ring fue l c e ll ve hic le s 5. Bio me tha ne inje c tio n to pipe line to supply fue l c e lls pro duc ing g rid e le c tric ity fo r po we ring E Vs 4

Mo de ls a nd Assumptio ns Ge ne r al Me thods and Assumptions (all pathways e valuate d) ● missions mode l: CA-GRE E T 2.0 Da iry-CNG T e mpla te E (https:/ / www.a rb .c a .g o v/ fue ls/ lc fs/ c a -g re e t/ c a -g re e t2-da iryc ng .xlsm) ● ailpipe e missions: E MF AC2017 (v 1.0.2) T https:/ / www.a rb .c a .g o v/ e mfa c / 2017/ ● Sour c e of mode l inputs: – Air distric t pe rmits a nd so urc e te sting – Ma nufa c ture r spe c ific a tio ns – Da iry Dig e ste r Re se a rc h a nd De ve lo pme nt (DDRDP) Ca lc ula to r T o o l (https:/ / www.a rb .c a .g o v/ c c / c a pa ndtra de / a uc tio npro c e e ds/ c dfa _ddrdp_fi na lc a lc ula to r_17-18.xlsx) 5

Assumptio ns (Co nt.) Ge ne r al Me thods and Assumptions (all pathways e valuate d) ● GWP: 72 Me thane 20- ye ar ● GWP: 25 Me thane 100- ye ar ● y size : 5,000 c o ws Assume d dair ● y type : F re e sta ll with flush ma nure ma na g e me nt Dair ● Ope n lagoon me thane e missions (base line ): 980 MT / yr ● oje c t: 980 MT / yr minus 5% le a ka g e fro m c o ve re d la g o o n Me thane to Pr 6

Assumptio ns (Co nt.) Assumption c ommon to base line and pathways • E missio ns c a lc ula te d o n lo c a l a nd re mo te b a sis • Pe riphe ra l e q uipme nt use s g rid e le c tric ity Assumptions for dige ste r pr oje c ts • Ba se line so lids se pa ra tio n via sta tio na ry sc re e n • Do ub le -line d c o ve re d la g o o n (no he a ting o r mixing ) • Dig e ste r c o ve r le a k ra te o f 5% • Pro je c ts must me e t b e st a va ila b le c o ntro l te c hno lo g y 7

Assumptio ns (Co nt.) Off- Site Use Assumptions • Re ne wa b le na tura l g a s - Dista nc e fro m initia l pipe line inje c tio n to fue ling sta tio n is 100 mile s • Re ne wab le hydro g e n - Dista nc e fro m pipe line inje c tio n to SMR is 100 mile s - Dista nc e fro m SMR to fue ling sta tio n is 100 mile s • Statio nary fue l c e lls (so lid o xide ) - 57% e ffic ie nc y • E le c tric ity a nd hydro g e n pa thwa ys use me dium-duty ve hic le • Grid e le c tric ity line lo ss o f 6.5% 8

Dairy Digester Emissions Matrix A B CDEFGH C O 2 e C O 2 e co P M 10 pm 2 . 5 NOx S Ox VOC s (20-yrGWP) (100-yrGWP) Uncovered B as eline Totals 70,581 24,519 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 3.0 Lagoon (Local + R emote) Local 17,491 7,474 0.5 0.2 0.2 8.5 <0.1 0.6 R emote 765 318 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.1 <0.1 Onsite S ubtotal 18,256 7,792 0.6 0.2 0.2 8.6 0.1 0.6 R eciprocating (R ow 2 + R ow 3) Diesel Displaced 8,609 7,629 5.5 1.1 0.6 5.4 2.4 1.0 E ngine to Grid Pathway E mis s ions 9,647 163 -4.9 -0.9 -0.4 3.2 -2.3 -0.4 and E Vs ow 5) (R ow 4 - R Net B enefit -60,934 -24,356 -4.9 -0.9 -0.4 3.2 -2.3 -3.4 vs. uncovered lagoon (R ow 6- R ow 1) Local 15,448 5,268 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 1.2 <0.1 0.3 R emote 0.2 0.2 4,839 3,568 4.6 0.2 52.5 0.6 S ubtotal P ipeline 20,287 8,837 4.7 0.2 0.2 53.7 0.2 0.9 (R ow 8+ R ow 9) Injection Diesel Displaced 4,197 3,720 8.8 0.4 0.2 1.6 1.2 12.0 to NG Vehicles Pathway E mis s ions 16,090 5,117 -4.1 -0.2 < 0.1 52.1 -1.0 -11.1 (R ow 10 - R ow 11) Net B enefit -54,491 -19,402 -4.1 -0.2 < 0.1 52.1 -1.0 -14.1 vs. uncovered lagoon (R ow 12 -R ow 1)

Dairy Digester Emissions Matrix (Cont.) A B CDEFGH C O 2 e C O 2 e co P M 10 NOx P M is S Ox VOC s (20-yr GWP) (100-yr GWP) Uncovered B as eline Totals 70,581 24,519 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 3.0 1 Lagoon (Local + R emote) Local <0.1 1.2 <0.1 0.3 14 15,448 5,268 0.1 <0.1 Remote 0.4 0.4 3,860 2,957 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 15 P ipeline S ubtotal 0.4 19,307 8,226 0.5 0.1 0.1 1.6 0.2 16 Injection to (R ow 12 + R ow 13) Diesel Displaced 11,916 7.6 7.4 1.4 17 10,560 1.6 0.9 3.3 P ower P lant, Pathway E mis s ions 7,391 -2,334 -7.1 -1.5 -0.8 -5.8 -3.1 -1.0 IS Grid and E Vs (R ow 16 - R ow 17) Net B enefit -63,190 -26,853 -7.1 -1.5 -0.8 -5.8 -3.1 -4.0 19 vs. uncovered lagoon (R ow 18 -R ow 1) Local 15,448 5,268 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 1.2 <0.1 0.3 17 Remote 5,017 3.5 0.6 0.6 1.9 2.4 0.4 6,140 18 P ipeline S ubtotal 21,588 19 Injection to 10,285 3.6 0.6 0.6 3.1 2.4 0.7 (R ow 17 + R ow 18) Hydrogen Diesel Displaced 7,709 6,832 4.9 1.0 0.6 4.8 2.1 0.9 20 Vehicles Pathway E mis s ions 13,879 -1.3 3,453 -0.4 < 0.1 -1.7 0.3 -0.2 21 (R ow 19 - R ow 20) (Hjfrom S MR ) Net B enefit -56,702 -21,066 -1.3 -0.4 < 0.1 -1.7 0.3 -3.2 22 vs. uncovered lagoon (R ow 21 -R ow 1)

Dairy Digester Emissions Matrix (Cont.) A B CDEFGH C O 2 e C O 2 e pm 2 . 5 PM 10 NOx S Ox VOC s C O (2O-yr GWP) (100-yr GWP) Uncovered Baseline Totals 70,581 24,519 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 3.0 L agoon (Local + R emote] 1 5,448 5,268 1.2 <0.1 0.3 Local 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 2,957 0.6 <0.1 <0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 Remote 3,860 Pipeline Subtotal 19,308 8,225 0.7 0.1 0.1 1.7 0.3 0.1 Injection to (R ow 23 + R ow 24) Fuel C ell, Grid Diesel Displaced 13,292 11,779 8.5 1.8 1.0 8.3 3.7 1.5 Pathway E mis s ions and E Vs 6,016 -3,554 -7.8 -1.7 -0.9 -6.6 -3.6 -1.2 (R ow 25 - R ow 26) (S olid Oxide Fuel C ell) Net Benefit -64,565 -28,073 -7.8 -1.7 -0.9 -6.6 -3.6 -4.2 vs. uncovered lagoon (R ow 27- R ow 1)

GHG Be ne fits fo r Re c ip. E ng ine 12

GHG Be ne fits fo r Re c ip. E ng ine (Co nt.) 13

NOx Be ne fits fo r Re c ip. E ng ine (Co nt.) 14

Qua lita tive E nviro nme nta l I mpa c ts Pathways H 2 S NH 3 N 2 O WQ Onsite r e c ipr oc ating e ngine to gr id and E V H 2 S Pipe line inje c tion to NG ve hic le Pipe line inje c tion to powe r plant, gr id, and E Vs Pipe line inje c tion to hydr oge n fue l c e ll ve hic le s Pipe line inje c tion to fue l c e ll, gr id, to E Vs 15

Summa ry ● GHG e missio ns a re lo we r in a ll pa thwa ys e va lua te d ● Mo st pa thwa ys sho w a ne t b e ne fit in c o -po lluta nts ● T he re is no “silve r b ulle t” pa thwa y – a ll pa thwa ys e va lua te d ha ve re a so na b le a pplic a tio ns ● Qua lita tive a na lyse s sug g e st impro ve me nts in o the r e nviro nme nta l me tric s 16

Co nta c t I nfo rma tio n Que stio ns a nd c o mme nts c a n b e dire c te d to the Sub g ro up # 2 c o mme nt do c ke t a c c e ssib le fro m the Da iry a nd L ive sto c k Wo rking Gro up we b site a t: https:/ / www.a rb .c a .g o v/ c c / da iry/ dsg 2/ dsg 2.htm Additio na l Co nta c t I nfo rma tio n: Julie Billing to n Air Po llutio n Spe c ia list julie .b illing to n@ a rb .c a .g o v Jo shua K im Air Re so urc e s E ng ine e r jo shua .kim@ a rb .c a .g o v 17