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CSE 440: Introduction to HCI User Interface Design, Prototyping, and Evaluation Lecture 14: James Fogarty Patterns Alex Fiannaca Lauren Milne Saba Kawas Kelsey Munsell Tuesday/Thursday 12:00 to 1:20 Today Course Progress Mockups Due


  1. CSE 440: Introduction to HCI User Interface Design, Prototyping, and Evaluation Lecture 14: James Fogarty Patterns Alex Fiannaca Lauren Milne Saba Kawas Kelsey Munsell Tuesday/Thursday 12:00 to 1:20

  2. Today Course Progress Mockups Due Friday Exam Tuesday Report, Website, Presentations After Break Reading 5 Posted Patterns Peer Critique of Usability Testing Results

  3. Limitations of Testing Drives hill-climbing, but not overall design A design may be better, but is it good? Impossible for new designs to compete Can be difficult to scale to many features How about we step through a larger example

  4. 1 User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 6 Evaluation

  5. 2 User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 7 Evaluation

  6. 3 User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 8 Evaluation

  7. 4 User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 9 Evaluation

  8. 5 User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 10 Evaluation

  9. 6 Quick-Flow Checkouts User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 11 Evaluation

  10. Testing in a Larger Design

  11. 1 User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 13 Evaluation

  12. 1 • What site is this? – Logo in top-left corner denotes the site – Another logo at top-right to reinforce – examples of SITE BRANDING User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 14 Evaluation

  13. 1 • What kind of site is this? – Shopping cart icon – Tab row content & categories on left – Prices in content area – UP-FRONT VALUE PROPOSITION – example of PERSONAL E-COMMERCE User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 15 Evaluation

  14. 1 • What can I do here? – Welcome for new visitors – Tab row / Search on top – “Categories” – Prices – Examples of OBVIOUS LINKS User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 16 Evaluation

  15. 1 • Most important info visible without scrolling • ABOVE THE FOLD User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 17 Evaluation

  16. 2 User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 18 Evaluation

  17. 2 • What site am I at? – Logo in upper-left reinforces brand, can click to go to home – Same font, layout, color scheme also reinforces – examples of SITE BRANDING (E1) User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 19 Evaluation

  18. 2 • Where am I in the site? – “Home > Music” are LOCATION BREAD CRUMBS – TAB ROW says “Music” – Album cover, “Product Highlights”, and CD cover User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 20 Evaluation

  19. • Can I trust these sellers? 2 – Who am I buying from? – Are they reputable? – What about shipping? User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 21 Evaluation

  20. 2 • The Fold – Hmm, what’s below here? User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 22 Evaluation

  21. 2 • Impulse buy • PESONALIZED RECOMMENDATIONS • About this album • Lots of unused space • Still more info below… User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 23 Evaluation

  22. 2 • Is this product any good? – Editorial reviews – Customer reviews – RECOMMENDATION COMMUNITY User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 24 Evaluation

  23. 3 User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 25 Evaluation

  24. 3 • What site am I at? – Logo in upper-left – Colors, layout, font – examples of SITE BRANDING User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 26 Evaluation

  25. 3 • Where am I in the site? – Last link clicked was “Buy!” – “Shopping Cart” and “Proceed to Checkout” reinforce that this is “the right page” – SHOPPING CART User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 27 Evaluation

  26. 3 • Cross-selling – Possibly a pleasant surprise – Impulse buy – CROSS-SELLING & UP-SELLING User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 28 Evaluation

  27. 3 • What am I going to buy? – Easy to remove – Easy to move to wishlist • How much will it cost? – Shipping costs there, no nasty surprises • SHOPPING CART User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 29 Evaluation

  28. 3 • What can I do? – “Proceed to Checkout” HIGH VISIBILITY ACTION BUTTON – Visually distinct – 3D, looks clickable – Repeated above and below fold User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 30 Evaluation

  29. 4 User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 31 Evaluation

  30. 4 • What if I don’t have a User ID? • What if I forgot my password? • SIGN-IN/NEW ACCOUNT options User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 32 Evaluation

  31. 5 User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 33 Evaluation

  32. 5 • What site? – Logo, layout, color, fonts • Where in site? – Checkout, step 1 of 3 – “Choose shipping address” – QUICK-FLOW CHECKOUT User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 34 Evaluation

  33. 5 • Note what’s different – No tab rows – No impulse buys – Only navigation on page takes you to next step • This is a PROCESS FUNNEL – Extraneous info and links removed to focus customers User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 35 Evaluation

  34. 6 Quick-Flow Checkouts User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 36 Evaluation

  35. 6 Quick-Flow Checkouts • Last step of process – Step 3, “Place Order” – “Place my order” button • Two HIGH-VISIBILITY ACTION BUTTONS for fold User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 37 Evaluation

  36. 6 Quick-Flow Checkouts • No nasty surprises – Can see order – Total price is same as shopping cart – ORDER SUMMARY User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 38 Evaluation

  37. Quick-Flow Checkouts • Easy to change shipping and billing • Easy to save this info – Easier to setup info in context of specific task User Interface Design, Prototyping, and CSE440 - Autumn 2007 39 Evaluation

  38. Design equals Solutions Design is about finding solutions Designers often reinvent Hard to know how things were done before Why things were done a certain way How to reuse solutions

  39. Design Patterns Design patterns communicate common design problems and solutions

  40. Design Patterns Design patterns communicate common design problems and solutions First used in architecture [Alexander] How to create a beer hall where people socialize?

  41. Design Patterns

  42. Using Design Patterns Not too general and not too specific use a solution “a million times over, without ever doing it the same way twice” Design patterns are a shared language for “building and planning towns, neighborhoods, houses, gardens, and rooms” Beer hall is part of a center for public life Beer hall needs spaces for groups to be alone ALCOVES

  43. A Web of Design Patterns (8) Mosaic of Subcultures & Towns Cities (31) Promenade (33) Night Life Gatherings (90) Beer Hall Local (95) Building Complex Interiors (179) Alcoves (181) The Fire

  44. Web Design Patterns Communicate design problems & solutions how to create navigation bars for finding relevant content how to create a shopping cart that suports check out how to make e-commerce sites where people return & buy

  45. NAVIGATION BAR (K2) Problem: Customers need a structured, organized way of finding the most important parts of your Web site

  46. NAVIGATION BAR (K2) Solution diagram Captures essence on how to solve problem First-level navigation Link to home Second-level navigation

  47. Pattern Groups Patterns organized by group Site genres Advanced ecommerce Navigational framework Completing tasks Home page Page layouts Content management Search Trust and credibility Page-level navigation Basic ecommerce Speed The mobile web

  48. PROCESS FUNNEL (H1) Problem: Need a way to help people complete highly specific stepwise tasks Ex. Create a new account Ex. Fill out survey forms Ex. Check out

  49. PROCESS FUNNEL (H1)

  50. • What’s different? PROCESS FUNNEL (H1) – No tab rows – No impulse buys – Only navigation on page takes you to next step • What’s the same? – Logo, layout, color, fonts

  51. PROCESS FUNNEL (H1) Problem: What if users need extra help?

  52. PROCESS FUNNEL (H1)

  53. CONTEXT-SENSITIVE HELP (H8)

  54. FLOATING WINDOWS (H6)

  55. FLOATING WINDOWS (H6)

  56. PROCESS FUNNEL (H1) Solution Diagram

  57. Related Patterns (A1) E-Commerce (A10) Web Apps (A11) Intranets (H1) Process Funnel (K2) Navigation Bars (H8) Context-Sensitive Help (K3) Tab Rows (I2) Above the Fold (K4) Action Buttons (K5) High-Viz Action Buttons (K12) Preventing Errors (K13) Meaningful Error Messages

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