Country report: MONGOLIA Country report: MONGOLIA Language/Localization Policy Language/Localization Policy "Regional Consultation on Local Language Computing "Regional Consultation on Local Language Computing Policy in Developing Asia Policy in Developing Asia“ “ January 22nd - - 24th, 2007, 24th, 2007, Thimphu Thimphu, Bhutan , Bhutan January 22nd B.Batpurev, CEO , CEO InfoCon InfoCon, Mongolia , Mongolia B.Batpurev & & Mr. Ts.Nyamkhuu Ts.Nyamkhuu, Director Policy planning department, ICTA , Director Policy planning department, ICTA Mr.
1. Introduction COUNTRY OVERVIEW � Area: 1.5 mln. sq. km � Population: 2.7 mln. (2005) � Density: 1.5 per sq. km In Ulaanbaatar (capital city):735’000 � � Geography: Located between Russian Federation and P.R of China Mountains, forest, steppe, desert � Political system: Parliamentary Great Khural (Parliament-76 seats) � Administration: Ulaanbaatar and 21 provinces � Literacy rate: 96.7% � Membership: UN, ESCAP, WTO, ITU, APT, INTELSAT
Contents � Background information � Mongolian ICT sector � E-Mongolia National Program � Mongolian Language � Local language computing � Conclusion
Background information Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary � schools: 77 GDP per capita (PPP US$): 2,056 (year 2004) � Terrain: Vast semi-desert and desert plains, mountains in the west and � southwest, the Gobi Desert in south and southeast. Climate: Warm summers and cold winters. Average summer temperature � +20C, average winter temperature -26C. Winter lasts from November to late April. Spring runs from May through June. Summer is from July through to Sept Average altitude: 1,580 m above sea-level � Economy: This traditionally is based on agriculture, livestock breeding � (camels, cow, goats, horses and sheep), and also Mining (mainly gold, coal, copper). Religions: Buddhism (94%), Muslim, Shamanism and Christian � Language: Mongolian. Most Mongols speak Russian as a second language, � but many also speak a third language. English, Japanese, German, French and Chinese are widely spoken in the Ulaanbaatar. Gobi desert (extending down into China), with large sand dune areas and � canyons in the Eastern Gobi, the so-called “dinosaur graveyard”.
Mongolian scenes
Governmental Structure for ICT Policy and Regulation
ICT Authority of Mongolia Prime Minister Communications Regulatory Commission Chairman of the ICTA Experts Vice Vice Chairman’s council Chairman Chairman Council (advise on sectoral (policy, planning & (international (supervise and oversee policy matters) implementation) cooperation) the work of the ICTA) Policy and Policy Public Information and Implementation & Administration and Communication Planning Dept.. Coordination Dept. Cooperation Dept. Development Center
Legal framework Law on Communications, 1996 and 2002 � Law of Radio wave, 1999 � Postal Law, 2004 � Other laws: Civil code, Anti-Monopoly Law, Customer � Protection Law, Company and Entity Law, Fair competition Law, and etc Amendment for “Laws on Custom” tax-free for � computer and its accessories and VAT exception for software products, 2005 Draft package law on IT (Basic IT Law, Digital � signature Law, e-Commerce Law, e-Governance Law)
Draft package law on IT
Policy and Strategy � Mongolian Telecom Master Plan up to 2010, Ministry of Infrastructure-MOI, 1994 � ICT Vision up to 2010, Parliament of Mongolia, 2000 � Telecommunications Sector Mid-term Policy, MOI, 2001 � Medium Term Strategy and Frameworks for ICT sector, MOI, 2002 � Government Action Plan (2004-2008), MOI, 2004 � E-Government Master Plan Study (2005-2010), ICTA and KIPA of ROK, 2005 � E-Mongolia National Program 2005-2012, ICTA, 2005 � Restructuring and Privatization of Mongolian Telecom Network, 2006-2007 (planned)
Regulatory framework Establishment of the Communications Regulatory Council � under the Ministry of Infrastructure (MOI), 1995 Liberalization of international and domestic telephone � service, cellular mobile market, 1999 Amendment of Law on Communications, 2002 and � established the Communications Regulatory Commission (CRC) as independent body from policy making authority (license, interconnection, tariff, and dispute issues)- www.crc.gov.mn
Information Infrastructure Selenge Uvs Darhan BayanUlgii Huvsgol Orhon Bulgan ULAANBAATAR Hovd Dornod Arhangai Zavhan Hentii Òuv Sukhbaatar CHOIR Gobisumber Uvorhangai GobiAltai Bayanhongor SAINSHAND Dundgobi Dornogobi 6. DORNGOVI Zamyn Uud Umnogobi 1990 1997 2004 Optical Fiber Cable Optical Fiber Cable Fixed 1.7 3.8 6.4 (10.2 in UB; 0.8 (per 100 people) rural) Digital Microwave links Digital Microwave links Mobile No 0.1 18.4 (per 100 people) PCs (total) <100 13000 169000 Source:ICTA, 2005 Internet users No 1200 52000 (8 ISP), Cable TV No 18000 50000 Household
Public Telecommunications Operators and Indicators Number of Transmission Name of Operator Comment Subscribers network, [km] Optical fiber-1,840,2 Mongolia Telecom 148,500 + Digital MW-1,009 MT is leasing from ICTA (MT) 13,000 WLL CDMA Analog MW-524.7 VSAT-19 Invested and owned by Mongolian Railway 13,000+ Optical fiber-1,402 Mongolian Railway Government 2,800+ Invested and owned by Communications Optical fiber-21 800 WLL CDMA GCD Department (GCD) 455,100 GSM GPRS Optical fiber-700 Invested and owned by MobiCom Corporation 19,000 WLL CDMA Digital MW-2076 Mobicom Optical fiber-80 Invested and owned by Skytel company 99,900 CDMA-2001x Digital MW-1600 Skytel 163,600+ Optical fiber-4022.2 455,100 GSM GPRS Digital MW-4375.0 Total 99,900 CDMA-2001x Analog MW-524.7 32,000 WLL CDMA VSAT-19
ISPs and Internet Market Internet service Approximate Presence providers-ISP market share MagicNet 47% Has leased lines to provide local presence in aimag centres Offers local dial-up & leased line access nationally in Aimag Micom 18% centres MobiNet (MobiCom) 11% Offers mobile dial access nationally Erdemnet 9% Academic and research network Bodicom 7% Offers local dial-up and ADSL Installing a corporate 40 VSAT network in several aimag MCSCom 5% centres (State Treasury network in 26 sites, Ministry of Finance) Railcom 2% Along the railway (from north to south) Civil Aviation Corporate & 22 sites nationally (Air control traffic) Authority VSAT only Weather forecast Corporate & 20 sites nationally (Weather forecast information network) Department VSAT only Corporate & 100 sites nationally (Banking network in rural branches, Incomnet VSAT only i.e.KHAAN and EREL Bank)
Training facilities � National University of Mongolia was established in 1942 � National Information Technology Park (Incubation and management support to new incoming IT companies, support outsourcing), 2002, www.itpark.mn � ICT Training Center (Certified training on Microsoft, Cisco, Sun, Java and others), 2003, www.icttc.mn � National Distance Learning Network, 2004 � Ulaanbaatar Broadband and wireless internet network company, 2005 � Government Video-Conferencing network, 2005 � Private and foreign invested colleges and universities (from 1990s) � IT professionals were trained since 1980s
e-Government Master Plan for Mongolia (1) ICTA developed the Master plan for e-Government program to promote/implement e-Government system with the help of Korean IT Promotion Agency (KIPA), 2005. VISION: “Building a strong and competitive country by establishing citizen centered, transparent and knowledge based government through utilization of advanced ICT”
e-Government Master Plan for Mongolia (2) e-Government master plan is a document that answers for the following three questions: Where we are now? To determine how the current 1. system works and what external factors affect? Where do we want to reach? To determine how the 2. system of e-governance would work and how different will it be from current system? How do we reach our goals? To determine how and 3. what types of measures would be implemented? Where we are now? � Where do we reach? How do we reach?
e-Government Master Plan for Mongolia (3) Improvement in National Competitiveness G2C Citizen-centered G2B Transparent G2G Knowledge-based For improving citizen’s For knowledge-based For transparent/push convenience Government service • Computerize government • Provide online public administration • Release administrative service • Integrate government information and process • Diversify service channel information system • Provide one-stop public • Standardize government service administration Infrastructure e-Government Using Ultramodern ICT For Improving Nation-wide ICT Resources Favorable ICT-based Facility / National Standard / ICT Literacy & HRD / Law & Regulation / Organization
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