Chapter 6
Tonight - At Home Assignment ► Create a list of 15 culture traits that represent your ethnicity. ► If you are unsure as to the definition of ethnicity, read the chapter. ► Treat this assignment as if you are listing the cultural landscape of your group.
Ethnic groups – populations that feel themselves bound together by a common origin and set off by other groups by ties of culture, race, religion, language or nationality. More than 5000 ethnic groups exist in the world.
Ethnic Diversity and Separatism ► Ethnicity – Affiliation with a group whose racial, cultural, religious or linguistic characteristics or national origins distinguish it from a larger population. ► Unifying bonds of ethnicity; 1.)shared ancestry and cultural heritage, 2.)retention of distinctive traditions, 3.) maintenance of in-group interactions and relationships.
Race v. Ethnicity ► Race - A subset human ► Ethnicity has a more population whose meaningful way of members share showing distinctions in distinctive, inherited groups of people…that biological is by culture. characteristics. ► Culture summarizes ► Distinguishing people the way of life of a by race only has been group of people. largely discredited by social scientists.
► Ethnocentrism – Conviction of the evident superiority of one’s own ethnic group.
► Host Society – The established and dominant society within which immigrant groups seek accommodation.
Immigration Streams ► Brief History ► Recent Expanded Immigration
Acculturation and Assimilation ► Amalgamation Theory - The concept that multiethnic societies become a merger of the culture traits of their member groups.
► Acculturation - Cultural modification or change that results when one culture group or individual adopts traits of the host society; cultural development through ”borrowing”
► Assimilation - A two-part behavioral and structural process by which a minority population reduces or loses completely cultural characteristics and blends into a host society. Volunteer reader
Behavioral Assimilation? Structural Assimilation? Same as acculturation On a larger scale Bringing on common attitudes and values of host culture Involving adoption of ethnic group’s culture traits by host society
Sample Essay Prompt A. Define Acculturation and the Amalgamation Theory B. Discuss how any two specific ethnic groups in the United States are an example of Structural Assimilation.
Competition Theory The United States has many examples of ethnic groups expanding their role in the culture of the country over time. This “social success” is due to pressures of American urban life and the human desire to strive for social justice. This is called by some the competition theory. The group goes from isolated and struggling into a recognized, self-assertive ethnic minority with an impact and a voice in American Society.
Chapter 6 Project…Due 12/14 Create a collage that reflects the ethnic diversity in the United States. Collage will be constructed on butcher paper that is slightly smaller than poster board (more on this later) You may use magazine pictures or those printed from a computer (no “I can’t” s) You may print text (words) and add it to your collage. Text can be in black and white or color. You may have some black and white pictures, but you should find as many color pictures as possible.
Choose 4 ethnic groups to be represented. Images should reflect the ethnic nature of that group. However, some pictures may show the blending of ethnic culture and mainstream “American” culture. Pictures or words that are derogatory to an ethnic group will be met with extreme hostility.
For this Assignment ► This is not about race….not just pictures of random faces. ► Professionalism is key….make it worth 50 points. ► Don’t wait until the last minute and do a shoddy job…it would be better if you didn’t turn it in.
Basque Separatism 1.) Pro scan the reader 2.) Focus on “what is ETA’s cause?” 3.) Summarize those three paragraphs
► First Effective Settlement – The influence that the characteristics of an early dominant settlement group exert on the later social and cultural geography of an area. Associated with Wilbur Zelinsky. ► Charter group – The early arriving ethnic group that created the first effective settlement and established recognized cultural norms to which other later groups are expected to conform.
Areal Expressions of Ethnicity ► Ethnic Clusters ► Black Dispersions ► Hispanic Concentrations ► Asian Contrasts ► Immigrant Gateways and Clusters ► French Uniformity
Urban Ethnic Diversity and Segregation ► External Controls ► Internal Controls ► Shifting Ethnic Concentrations ► Typologies and Spatial Results ► Native-Born Dispersals
Cultural Transfer ► Interacting Influences ► Culture Rebound
The Ethnic Landscape ► Land Survey ► Settlement Patterns ► Ethnic Regionalism
Today you will; 1. Create an essay prompt 2. Create a graphic organizer 3. Finish your collage 4. Staple the collage to the wall 5. Get copy of 7.1 Reading Guide
Create an Essay Prompt ► There will be no essay on Friday’s test. ► You will look over the notes you have taken on the ethnic conflict readers and the film. ► Consider how AP test creators could turn this information into an essay question. ► Write an essay prompt that focuses on ethnic conflict in the world. ► Be sure that the essay question; 1.) that has several parts to it, 2.) has parts that ascend in difficulty…remember 3 levels of questioning, 3.) is answerable with the information in your notes
Using a graphic organizer, outline the essay as if you were going to write it
► Nearly 40% of U.S. census respondents indicated they used a language other than English in the home in 2000. False Only18% ► Ethnocentrism is fostered by territorial segregation. True
► Despite recent increases in their urban employment rates, most African Americans still reside within the rural areas of the southeastern states. False “most”…remember the great migration ► Acculturation is accelerated when an immigrant group differs sharply from the host culture and must make positive efforts to achieve acceptance. False When immigrants “sharply differ” they don’t acculturate
► Long-lot settlement patterns reflect the English tradition of villages clustered around “commons”. False Avec non longtemps champs commons et villages pour angleterre… Francais tres bien! ► Cultural distinctions based on ethnicity are more prominent in urban than rural areas of the U.S. True
► The proportion of foreign-born among the U.S. population steadily declined during the 20th century to reach its lowest point ever in 1999. False Over 30% note…foreign borns have increased ► Ethnocentrism is the feeling of the superiority of one’s own ethnic group. True
► Social distance is an expression of the travel time separating two ethnic groups. False Has to do with the degree of segregation and integration ► In both North America and Europe, each distinctive ethnic group has a recognized territorial homeland. False Ethnicity is a spatial concept but not all ethnic groups have their own land
► Ethnicity always contains a spatial or territorial implication True ► Asians were the largest immigrant group to the U.S. between 1990 and 2000 False “Hispanics” were the largest ethnic group to immigrate to the U.S. between 1990 and 2000
► The sizable Mexican American population of the U.S. is primarily rural in residence and bracero in employment False Recently more urbanized and less bracero ► By their early and initial dominance, the British established the majority culture in North America True
► Once established, immigrant communities place their place their cultural stamp upon their residential neighborhoods and tend to become permanently located there. False Page 201, ethnic communities are not usually permanent, example Flushing Queens NY ► The U.S. is the only really multiethnic state among the world’s large countries. False An ethnically pure nation state is no longer realistic, example Japan
► Multiethnic societies everywhere have experience a recent reduction of cultural pluralism and ethnic divisions as a result of better communication and economic development. False There has a a resurgence of cultural pluralism as of late ► Over 30% of total U.S. population growth between 1990 and 2000 was accounted for by legal and illegal immigration True
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