Cell Hydration as Cell Hydration as an Essential Cell Parameter for - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Cell Hydration as Cell Hydration as an Essential Cell Parameter for an Essential Cell Parameter for Estimating the Biological Effect of Estimating the Biological Effect of Electromagnetic Field Electromagnetic Field Sinerik N. Ayrapetyan UNESCO Chair - Life Sciences International Educational Center Yerevan, Armenia

To estimate the EMF effect quantitatively To estimate the EMF effect quantitatively ! we need a cellular parameter we need a cellular parameter characterizing cell functional state and characterizing cell functional state and serving as a common target serving as a common target for various environmental factors! for various environmental factors! ? Cell Hydration Cell Hydration

PURPOSE To prove the hypothesis on the cell hydration as a universal target for various environmental factors by the experimental data a) water structure as a universal target through which the LF EMF signals are transferred to the cell metabolic cascade b) EMF sensitivity of cell volume and ion transporting systems in membrane responsible for its regulation. To suggest a method for quantity estimation of EMF-induced cell hydration.

Present approaches to the dependency of cell hydration on the main ion transporting systems in membrane Environmental Factor 3Na + Ca +2 Potential cGMP cAMP Channel Ca +2 2 K + 3 Na + [Ca]i Receptor [Na]i Na]i ATP Channel H Y D R A T I O N 3 Na +

EMF Induced Water Structure Changing Effect on Ion Transporting Systems in Cell Membrane EMF Bathing aqua solution 3Na + Ca +2 Potential cGMP cAMP Channel Ca +2 2 K + 3 Na + [Ca]i Receptor [Na]i Na]i ATP Channel H Y D R A T I O N 3 Na +

The Effect of SMF and EMF on The Effect of SMF and EMF on the Specific Electrical Conductivity of Distilled Water the Specific Electrical Conductivity of Distilled Water 105 100 95 G.% 90 85 80 C SMF 4Hz 10Hz 20Hz 50Hz

Control Control 270 mT 270 mT SMF SMF 12 mT 12 mT EMF EMF 4Hz, 30min Hz, 30min 0.2T, 30min T, 30min 4 0.2 50Hz, 30min Hz, 30min 0.2T, 60min 60min 50

Quantity of E.coli lon lon- - HM9 mutant cells able to form HM9 mutant cells able to form Quantity of E.coli macrocolonies under the influence of SMF and EMF macrocolonies under the influence of SMF and EMF % C CONTROL CONTROL 100 1.0 80 0.8 0.6 60 0.4 40 0.2 20 0.0 0 min Hz 50 10 20 30 60 4

The effect of magnetized physiological solution on The effect of magnetized physiological solution on 3H- 3H -timidine timidine involvement in DNA of spleen cells. involvement in DNA of spleen cells. A- -control; B control; B- - incubation of spleen slices in magnetized incubation of spleen slices in magnetized A physiological solution (270mT SMF) physiological solution (270mT SMF) 150 B A 100 50 0

The effect of magnetized physiological solution on snail heart contractility and time dependency of heart sensitivity threshold on it. A-10, B-30 and C-60 min after applying. A physiological physiological solution previously solution exposed to magnetic field B physiological physiological solution previously exposed to magnetic field solution physiological solution C physiological solution previously physiological exposed to magnetic field physiological solution solution

The effect of 0.3T SMF treated physiological solution on The effect of 0.3T SMF treated physiological solution on sperm motility sperm motility 140 120 100 Motility, % 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Time, min Control SMF exposure initial motility, 100%

The effect of magnetized physiological solution on snail neuronal volume and its electrical activity A and C– normal physiological solution, B - physiological solution preliminary treated by SMF a – in normal physiological solution, b-after 5’, c-7’, d-10’, e-15’ incubation in magnetized physiological solution; f-3’, g-5’, h-7’ washed a b c 49mV 49mV 49mV d e 40mV 49mV 53mV 20sec f g h 49mV 47mV 45mV

Changes in Content of Cyclic Nucleotides and 45 45 Ca Influx of Ca Influx of Changes in Content of Cyclic Nucleotides and Helix pomatia pomatia Ganglia Incubated in Either Control Solution or Ganglia Incubated in Either Control Solution or Helix Physiologic Solution Previously Exposed to Physiologic Solution Previously Exposed to 25mT Static Magnetic Field 25mT Static Magnetic Field Content of cyclic nucleotide Solution cAMP cGMP 100.0 ± 9.6 100.0 ± 11.6 Control 79.1 ± 9.5 a 164.9 ± 41.6 b Exposed a P < 0.02, b P < 0.05 Magnetic Field Percentage control 45 Ca influx 100.0 ± 10.07 0 74.33 ± 9.22 a Static 4.6 mT 62.67 ± 9.00 a Static 38.0 mT a P < 0.05 compared to control

cGMP Dependent Na:Ca Exchanger as Extrasensitive Target for EMF EMF Bathing aqua solution 3Na + Ca +2 Potential cGMP cAMP Channel Ca +2 2 K + 3 Na + [Ca]i Receptor ATP Channel H Y D R A T I O N H Y D R A T I O N 3 Na +

Fast (A) and slow (B) inward Ca currents in snail neurons in Fast (A) and slow (B) inward Ca currents in snail neurons in normal physiological solution (1) and in normal physiological solution (1) and in solution preliminary exposed in SMF (2) solution preliminary exposed in SMF (2) A B 2 1 2 20nA 1 125 msec 3 msec

Ach- -induced membrane currents in an internally induced membrane currents in an internally perfused perfused Helix Helix neuron. neuron. Ach induced current (10 -5 M) A and C Ach Ach- -induced current (10 M) A and C- -in control; B in control; B- -in a physiological in a physiological solution previously exposed to magnetic field (27 mT mT). ). solution previously exposed to magnetic field (27 B C A 1nA 1s

Binding of [ 3 H] Ouabain to H] Ouabain to Helix Helix pomatia pomatia Cell Membrane as a Cell Membrane as a Binding of [ Function of Concentration of Glycoside in Solutions with Function of Concentration of Glycoside in Solutions with Different Tonicity (x 10 8 molecules/mg dry weight) molecules/mg dry weight) Different Tonicity (x 10 Ouabain Incubation medium content Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic (Mol) 4.59 ? 0.32 3.23 ? 0.24 2.03 ? 0.16 1x10 -10 18.3 ? 1.4 11.7 ? 0.87 6.29 ? 0.41 3x10 -10 28.9 ? 2.0 17.9 ? 1.2 10.0 ? 0.67 6x10 -10 32.0 ? 2.2 21.1 ? 1.4 12.2 ? 0.9 1x10 -9 144 ? 29.4 90.5 ? 5.7 53.8 ? 3.1 3x10 -9 431 ? 29.4 266 ? 15.8 147 ? 9.7 6x10 -9 793 ? 45.6 508 ? 30.1 283 ? 19.4 1x10 -8

H 3 3 (5x10 (5x10 -9 M) binding by different tissues of rats The ouabain ouabain H M) binding by different tissues of rats The after wholebody wholebody exposure to SMF expressed in percents as exposure to SMF expressed in percents as after compared with control compared with control *

The effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on water content The effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on water content of normal glandular and cancer tissues of breast cancer patients of normal glandular and cancer tissues of breast cancer patients normal tissues Hydration state of normal tissues Hydration state of previously untreated after chemotherapy after radiotherapy previously untreated after chemotherapy after radiotherapy A1 B1 C1 2 2 2 30% 35% 35% 1 1 1 70% 65% 65% cancer tissues Hydration state of cancer tissues Hydration state of previously untreated previously untreated after chemotherapy after radiotherapy after chemotherapy after radiotherapy 2 A2 B2 C2 2 2 20% 30% 10% 1 1 1 80% 90% 70%

Changes of Radioactive Labeled Ouabain Changes of Radioactive Labeled Ouabain Binding by Binding by Normal Glandular and Cancer Tissues of Breast Cancer Patient under the er the Normal Glandular and Cancer Tissues of Breast Cancer Patient und Influence of SMF 0.2T in Different Concentrations of Ouabain Ouabain in the Medium. in the Medium. Influence of SMF 0.2T in Different Concentrations of ± Standard Deviations are Shown Mean Values (DPM) ± Standard Deviations are Shown Mean Values (DPM) [ouabain] Control SMF P Effect % (M) (DPM) (DPM) Normal tissues of a breast cancer patient ? 30.3% ouabain 10 -9 M 15.418±1.6599 10.740±0.588 p<0.001,n=6 ? 27.36% ouabain 10 -8 M 126.79±6.6359 92.100±3.4403 p<0.001,n=5 ? 33,67% ouabain 10 -7 M 906.500±13.7949 1211.79±199.289 p<0.05,n=5 ? 11,75% ouabain 10 -6 M 12456.0±519.91 13920.0±952.995 p<0.05,n=5 Cancer tissues ? 8,45% ouabain 10 -9 M 16.328±1.21 15±0.6716 p<0.05,n=6 ? 20,81% ouabain 10 -8 M 122.75±4.57 97.2±5.71 p<0.05,n=5 ? 38% ouabain 10 -7 M 1119.8±90,61 1547±50,49 p<0.001,n=5 15782 ± 17564 ± ? 11,29% ouabain 10 -6 M 500.769 789.6 p<0.01,n=5

Changes of Ouabain Ouabain Binding by Breast Glandular Tissue of Binding by Breast Glandular Tissue of Changes of Healthy Women under the Influence of SMF 0.2T in Healthy Women under the Influence of SMF 0.2T in Different Concentrations of Ouabain Ouabain in the Medium. in the Medium. Different Concentrations of Mean Values (DPM) ± ± Standard Deviations are Shown. Standard Deviations are Shown. Mean Values (DPM) [ouabain] Control SMF P Effect % (M) (DPM) (DPM) ouabain 10 -9 M 0 6.91±0.63 6.772±0.26 n=6 ouabain 10 -8 M 0 65.4±8.21 64.53±4.45 n=6 ouabain 10 -7 M 0 640.87±52.64 616.42±74.6 n=6 6220 ± 327.1 7892 ± 340.91 ? 26,88% ouabain 10 -6 M p<0.001,n=6

CONCLUSION CONCLUSION Cell hydration serves as a universal and extrasensitive cell parameter which can be used for estimating the beneficial or hazardous effects of EMF on cell or organisms.