CONTRACT REEARCH & TESTING COMPANY CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERICALIZATION New Technologies That May Change the Economics of Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries AMERICAN MANGANESE CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Workshop on Advanced Battery Recycling Ann Arbor, Michigan November 30, 2016 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY JUST THE BEGINNING OF A NEW ERA 2 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY RAPIDLY GROWING MARKET http://electriccarsreport.com/2015/08/market-for-li-ion-electric-car-batteries-to-reach-30b-in-2024/ 3 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY INEVITABLE FUTURE 4 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY LITHIUM ION BATTERY RECYCLING IS IN IT’S INFANCY 5 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY CURRENT OPTIONS SMELTER SHRED AND COLLECT METAL SLUDGE www.tesla.com/blog/mythbusters-part-3-recycling-our-non-toxic-battery-packs 6 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY APPLYING MINING TECHNOLOGY FOR RECYCLING LITHIUM ION BATTERIES AMERICAN MANGANESE CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT 7 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY BACKGROUND Mining Technology Developed for Recovery of Mn from Low Grade Ores 8 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY From Mine to Product Electrolytic Processing for EMD Mn Mine LiB Cathode MnCO 3 MnO 2 Button Cell Batteries Chemical Oxidation for CMD Low Grade Ore 9 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY THE OPPORTUNITY – LITHIUM ION BATTERY RECYCLING Cost Breakdown of Lithium Ion Battery Pack Other Cathode Separators 3% Current Collectors 3% Electrolyte 3% 25% 1% Pack Labor 5% Cell Fixed Cost 6% Land Cost for Cell Manufacturing 6% Cell Labor 8% Battery Pack Management System 16% Depreciation of Equipment Anode Pack Thermal System Materials 8% 8% 8% http://articles.sae.org/14195/ 10 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY TOTAL VEHICLE LI-ION BATTERY WORLD MARKET 11 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY THE PROBLEM BECOMES THE OPPORTUNITY World Vehicle Li-ion Battery Cathode Market $8.0 $7.0 $6.0 $5.0 $ USD Billion $4.0 $3.0 $2.0 $1.0 $- 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Year 12 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY HYDROMETALLURGICAL PROCESSING USING SPENT CATHODE AS A RESOURCE 100% Extraction of Li and Co from LiCoO2 13 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Co Recovery Selective Precipitation of Co(OH)2 14 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Li Recovery Precipitation of Li2CO3 15 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Collected Products Co(OH)2 & Li2CO3 16 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY XRD of Commercial Grade vs Regenerated LiCoO2 17 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Manufacture of Test Battery from Recycled Cathode 18 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Proof of Concept Achieved 19 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Simplified American Manganese Flowsheet Provisional Patent Application Filed. More Intellectual Property in the Works Proprietary Operations Not Shown 20 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Rough Estimates of Cathode Recycling Opportunity 2024 - $7.6 USD Billion per Year Cathode Materials for Vehicles Cathode Value $21.07 USD per Kg (based on rough estimate of raw materials) 360,700,000 kg of Cathode Materials per Year 988 Metric Tonnes per Day Cathode Materials 21 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Mining and Processing LITHIUM Mining: South America Processing: South America ALUMINUM Mining: Australia Refining: Middle East NICKEL & COBALT Mining: Voisey Bay, Canada Smelting: Sudbury, Canada Refining: Port Colborne, Canada MANGANESE Mining: Africa Refining: USA 22 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Potential Future Packaged Processing Plants Similar Chemistry to Cyanide Destruction Plant Delivered to Gold Mine in 2015 Packed Plant Fabrication and Shipping Reagent Metering System Reactor Reagent Storage 23 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY VALUE PROPOSITION FOR RECYCLING 24 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
LITHIUM ION BATTERY – CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Contacts Larry Reaugh, President and CEO Tel: (778) 574-4444 E-mail: lreaugh@amymn.com Website: www.americanmanganeseinc.com Norman Chow, President E-mail: nchow@kemetco.com Joey Jung, Operations Manager E-mail: jjung@kemetco.com Tel: (604) 273-3600 Website: www.americanmanganeseinc.com 25 CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
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