Catalysts for H 2 Catalysts for H 2 Iceland´ ´s first step towards the s first step towards the Iceland hydrogen economy? hydrogen economy? Jó ón Bj n Bj ö örn S rn S kú úlason lason J k General Manager General Manager Icelandic New Energy Icelandic New Energy May 2006 Icelandic New Energy Ltd
The first problem of urban The first problem of urban transportation transportation Icelandic New Energy Ltd
The solution The solution Icelandic New Energy Ltd
The new problem The new problem Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Does this cause global Does this cause global warming (GHG)? warming (GHG)? Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Does this cause global Does this cause global warming (GHG)? warming (GHG)? • It is debated! However it is happening However it is happening Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Does this cause global Does this cause global warming (GHG)? warming (GHG)? • It is debat ed! • Does it mat t er what causes global warming • Cont inued use of hydro carbon fuels will lead t o: – Increased pollution • Declining quality of life – Depleation of resources • New generations should be able to use hydro carbons – Less energy security – Instable political climate Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Government of Iceland Government of Iceland • First policy measures towards hydrogen in 1998 • Current position: – Iceland an international platform for hydrogen research – Create the worlds first hydrogen economy • H 2 policy of the government: – Favourable framework for business and research – International cooperation – Educat ion and t raining • First maj or steps : – Taxation incentives (no taxes on hydrogen vehicles) – Financial and international support (IPHE) – Roadmapping and hydrogen policy Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Unique INE Unique INE structure / objective structure / objective VistOrka VistOrka Energy, know- how and an exellent H 2 research platf orm Icel. New Business Venture Fund, Reykjavik Energy, The National Power Power Icel. New Business Venture Fund, Reykjavik Energy, The National Company, Hitaveita Sudurnesja, University of Iceland, The Technological logical Company, Hitaveita Sudurnesja, University of Iceland, The Techno Institute of Iceland, Fertilizer Plant, Reykjavik Resources, Government of ernment of Institute of Iceland, Fertilizer Plant, Reykjavik Resources, Gov Iceland Iceland Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Unique INE structure / objective VistOrka VistOrka Shell Shell Hydrogen Hydrogen Design f or the Design f or the f uture H 2 f uture H inf rastructure inf rastructure Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Unique INE structure / objective VistOrka VistOrka Turn key solutions f or the Shell Shell f uture H 2 inf rastructure Hydrogen Hydrogen Norsk Hydro Norsk Hydro Design f or the Design f or the f uture H 2 f uture H inf rastructure inf rastructure Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Unique INE structure / objective VistOrka VistOrka DaimlerChrysler DaimlerChrysler Shell Shell Hydrogen Hydrogen Norsk Hydro Norsk Hydro H 2 and f uel cell vehicle development Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Key Projects Key Projects Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Energy use in a Energy use in a hydrogen society hydrogen society Icelandic New Energy Ltd
The ECTOS project The ECTOS project 2001- -2005 ( 2005 ( ended August 31 ) 2001 st ) ended August 31 st • The ECTOS The ECTOS- -proj ect was a 4 proj ect was a 4 • year proj ect year proj ect • The proj ect can be split int o The proj ect can be split int o • t wo key phases: t wo key phases: – The first two years The first two years – • Preparation, establishing infrastructure, maintenance facility, • Preparation, establishing infrastructure, maintenance facility, economic/ social research, etc. economic/ social research, etc. – The second two years The second two years – • The actual demonstration of infrastructure and 3 fuel cell • The actual demonstration of infrastructure and 3 fuel cell buses buses – Has been prolonged until end of 2006; Has been prolonged until end of 2006; HyFleet :CUTE HyFleet :CUTE – Icelandic New Energy Ltd
What is your reaction to the idea that hydrogen should replace oil as the main fuel for buses, cars and vessels? 40 disapprove rather disapprove neutral stand 30 approve approve greatly Count 20 10 0 16-25 26-45 46-65 >65 Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Presumably hydrogen will be more expensive as a fuel than gasoline. Which price would you accept? 28% 39% 40 30 33% Percent 20 10 0 acceptable if acceptable if same price acceptable if acceptable if 20% cheaper 10% cheaper 10% more 20% more Icelandic New Energy Ltd
DaimlerChrysler H 2 DaimlerChrysler H 2 bus layout bus layout Fuel cell Hydrogen Fuel Cells supply unit tanks Cooling fans Air conditioning Technical compartment Low floor seating Electric motor Drive Icelandic New Energy Ltd train
Global bus trial: Global bus trial: clean and quiet urban transport clean and quiet urban transport Beijing ECTOS CUTE STEP FC Trial (from 9/05) � 9 Public � Western Australian � Icelandic New transportation Government Energy � CICETE/MOST agencies � BP, BOC � EU � UNDP � BP, Shell, ... � Path Transit � Shell, � BP � DC/EvoBus � DC/EvoBus � NorskHydro � DC/EvoBus � and many more � and many more � DC/EvoBus � and many more 3 H 2 buses � and many more 27 H 2 buses Beijing 3 H 2 buses Perth 3 H 2 buses • Each city is operating three Mercedes-Benz Fuel Cell Citaro • Each city is operating its own hydrogen refuelling station, some with its own hydrogen production facility Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Hydrogen station Hydrogen station First station in the world operating at a conventional gasoline station (has full commercial license) Icelandic New Energy Ltd
The ECTOS- -hydrogen station, hydrogen station, The ECTOS An example of pre- -commercial filling station commercial filling station An example of pre Compressor Storage Electrolyser e e H 2 O H 2 O Footprint Footprint 10 x 20m 10 x 20m ~ 200 m 2 ~ 200 m Dispenser Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Learning Learning • New material development • New material development • Underground storage has been approved • Underground storage has been approved • Higher efficiency • Higher efficiency • S maller footprint • S maller footprint • Technological maturity – – • Technological maturity closer to commercialisation closer to commercialisation Icelandic New Energy Ltd
The future hydrogen The future hydrogen infrastructure infrastructure • Evaluat ing t he fut ure economic- - and social implicat ions of a full scale H and social implicat ions of a full scale H 2 • Evaluat ing t he fut ure economic infrast ruct ure infrast ruct ure • Opt imisat ion of H 2 filling st at ions filling st at ions • Opt imisat ion of H – Production capacity vs. storage – Production capacity vs. storage – Production capacity vs. electric prices (off peak power) – Production capacity vs. electric prices (off peak power) – – Regional planning (size of future infrastructure, footprint) Regional planning (size of future infrastructure, footprint) • National impact (cost - -benefit ) benefit ) • National impact (cost – Foreign currency savings (no imports of fuel) – Foreign currency savings (no imports of fuel) – Domestic energy – Domestic energy – – Independence (incentives Independence (incentives – – t axat ion t axat ion – – other) other) – Energy security – Energy security Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Iceland Iceland First hub for infrastructure First hub for infrastructure ” network ” “mini mini- -network “ • Estimate that by constructing 6 strategically • Estimate that by constructing 6 strategically located H2 filling station most commuters in located H2 filling station most commuters in H 2 Reykj avik will pass such a station on daily bases Reykj avik will pass such a station on daily bases H 2 H 2 H 2 H 2 H 2 Icelandic New Energy Ltd
Iceland Iceland First hub for infrastructure First hub for infrastructure ” network ” “mini mini- -network “ • Ring road is only 1400 km • Ring road is only 1400 km • • S S o by creating a “ o by creating a “ customer accepted customer accepted infrastructure for the whole island, reaching up infrastructure for the whole island, reaching up to 90% of the population on daily bases would to 90% of the population on daily bases would require 10 more stations require 10 more stations – Estimated cost of around Estimated cost of around – 20- 20 -30 million 30 million € € / $ / $ Icelandic New Energy Ltd
On a H 2 tri-cycle around Iceland ( hydrogen puffin ) It took a Japanese team only 2 weeks to go on this cycle around whole of Iceland Icelandic New Energy Ltd
The Icelandic accomplishment to date • Results are very promising • Operation (as of February 2006) – >100.000 km t o dat e – >6.200 operating hours • Pumped >19.000 kg of hydrogen • S aved over >70.000 l. of diesel / and close to 200 tons less greenhouse gas emissions • Indication that there is over 90% of the public positive towards the new fuel Icelandic New Energy Ltd
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