Building uilding Canada’ anada’s Adv dvanced anced Wir Wireles eless Net Networ orks ks: : Prot otocol ocol Dev evelopment elopment Meet eeting ing wit ith h Mar arkham kham Dev evelopment elopment Ser ervices ices Commit ommittee ee May 20, 2014 1
Or Origins igins of of this his meet meeting ing Development Services Committee resolved to • hold this meeting while considering Bell’s proposal for a 20 m monopole on January 14 Bell’s proposal was adjourned to this meeting • While Bell is looking forward to having their • opportunity to ask Council for concurrence, they recognize that today’s meeting is meant to focus on protocol development 2
The he Rules ules Federally Regulated Municipal and Provincial regulation may not • impair the development or operation of wireless facilities. In other words, the normal planning approval process does not apply nor do these facilities require Building Permits To fill the vacuum created by federal jurisdiction, • Industry Canada has put in place requirements that ensure local land-use review and consultation as part of its licensing process 3
The he Rules ules Provincial Policy Statement Requirements 1.1.1 Healthy, liveable and safe communities are sustained by: … g) ensuring that necessary infrastructure, … are or will be available to meet current and projected needs; Infrastructure is defined to include communications/ telecommunications facilities 4
The he Rules ules Spectrum Licenses The wireless carriers operate pursuant to • spectrum licenses Spectrum licenses permit the deployment of • wireless infrastructure subject to meeting certain mandatory conditions These conditions of license include ongoing • compliance with: – CPC-2-0-03 – CPC-2-0-17 – Health Canada’s Safety Code 6 5
The he Rules ules CPC-2-0-03 Requires consultation with the relevant land • use authority for wireless facilities that are not exempt Prohibits construction of a wireless facility • without land use authority "concurrence" Sets out clear exemptions from the need to • consult Creates a written dispute resolution process • at the option of the proponent 6
The he Rules ules CPC-2-0-03 – Provides authority for municipal protocols and requires that proponents follow the protocol unless its provisions are deemed by Industry Canada to be unreasonable – Creates specific opportunities for local policy direction with respect to wireless facility development – Where there is no protocol, or where the protocol is deemed to be unreasonable, Industry Canada's default process applies 7
The he Rules ules CPC-2-0-17 Sets out a detailed methodology for co- • location of wireless facilities including provisions that may require a tower owner to allow another wireless proponent on their antenna support structure 8
The he Rules ules Safety Code 6 human exposure guidelines to radiofrequency • electromagnetic energy produced by Health Canada Current version released in 2009, however a • revised draft was released in 2013 and was the subject of review by the Royal Society of Canada The calculation requires a proponent to • demonstrate compliance with Safety Code 6 assuming a worse case scenario (all radio channels operating simultaneously at full power output) at all times, and cumulatively, by identifying the highest energy level experienced near the facility. 9
The he Rules ules LTE Antenna Lobe Showing 50% of Safety Code 6 Nb. Each square represents 2 x 2 m. 10
The he Car arrier iers’ Challenge hallenge “About 25 per cent of Canadian homes have no land lines, and about 50 per cent of all (emergency) 911 calls are wireless.” “Smartphone penetration in the Canadian marketplace went from 36 per cent in 2011 to 63 per cent in 2013.” “The industry is anticipating data growth of 900 per cent over the next five years” Bernard Lord CWTA to Halifax Chamber of Commerce, April 2014 11
The he Car arrier iers’ Challenge: hallenge: Dens ense e Cov over erage age 12
The he Car arrier iers’ Challenge: hallenge: Dynamic namic Net Networ orks ks 13
The he Car arrier iers’ Challenge: hallenge: Shadow hadowing ing Radio Signals are much like the light from a lamp 14
The he Car arrier iers’ Challenge: hallenge: Fr Frequency equency Allocat llocation ion 15
The he Car arrier iers’ Challenge: hallenge: New New frequencies equencies Network design now has to accommodate 700 • MHz spectrum In general the lower the number, the easier it is • for the signal to pass through objects. The 700 MHz band has better penetration than current networks Expect to get better, stronger signals that work • in places such as elevators, basements and parking garages where they sometimes do not In urban areas 700 MHz is not going to mean • fewer sites. Capacity is the main factor in determining network design. However there may be minor adjustments to accommodate the new spectrum 16
SITING CONSTRAINT SUMMARY • expected usage patterns of wireless service including proximity to users • local terrain and building types which can be a significant challenge as a result of shadowing • interaction with existing radio base stations • line of site requirements for high quality communications • opportunities to use existing structures • the availability of a willing landlord; and • the industry ’ s commitment to high service standards and customer satisfaction. 17
The he nat natur ural al cons consequence equence of of policy policy on on des design: ign: Set et backs backs can can res esult ult in in higher higher tow ower ers 18
The he nat natur ural al cons consequence equence of of policy policy on on des design: ign: Set et backs backs can can res esult ult in in higher higher tow ower ers 19
The he nat natur ural al cons consequence equence of of policy policy on on des design: ign: Collocat ollocation ion incr increas eases es height height and and mas massing ing Visual Impact of Single-Carrier tower vs. Co-location tower Single-Carrier Tower Co-location Tower 20
The he nat natur ural al cons consequence equence of of policy policy on on des design: ign: Collocat ollocation ion incr increas eases es height height and and mas massing ing 21
The he nat natur ural al cons consequence equence of of policy policy on on des design: ign: single ingle car carrier ier loading loading cr creat eates es des design ign oppor opportunit unities ies 22
The he nat natur ural al cons consequence equence of of policy policy on on des design: ign: single ingle car carrier ier loading loading cr creat eates es des design ign oppor opportunit unities ies 23
The he nat natur ural al cons consequence equence of of policy policy on on des design: ign: Relaxed elaxed sign ign rules ules 24
Examples of incentives that work Vaughan’s recent Telecommunications Facility • Siting Taskforce recommended that Council look at adopting a path of least resistance - the further from residential the easier the process 25
CPC-2-0-03 -2-0-03 Local Local Opt Options ions The use of existing infrastructure The CPC requires that existing infrastructure be • used where possible Industry Canada gives land use authorities the • opportunity to influence or opt out of this requirement. Wireless Carriers are required to co-locate and allow colocation if feasible, unless it is the municipality's preference that a new structure be constructed To permit proposals which are less obtrusive, • and less controversial, the Protocol ought to express a clear preference for single carrier designs over co-location where feasible in and adjacent to residential areas 26
CPC-2-0-03 -2-0-03 Local Local Opt Options ions The identification of a representative for the purpose of consultation The CPC sets out the requirement that • proponents must submit their plans directly to Council unless the Protocol provides otherwise Delegated approval often creates a path of least • resistance which in turn encourages carriers to comply with municipal siting policies 27
CPC-2-0-03 -2-0-03 Local Local Opt Options ions Adjacent municipalities The CPC expects notification of adjacent • municipalities but restricts that to municipalities located within a radius of 3 times the tower height The details associated with such a notice should • be set out in the Policy Protocol should set out process and policy • interests when Markham is the adjacent municipality 28
CPC-2-0-03 -2-0-03 Local Local Opt Options ions Limitations on public notice The CPC sets out Industry Canada’s requirements • for public consultation The CPC restricts notice to a radius of 3 times • the tower height, measured from the tower base in recognition of the fact that the notice radius should be proportional to the expected land-use impact Notice exemptions can encourage siting away • from residential areas by creating a path of least resistance 29
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