Brief Report of the 3rd International Forum for Sustainable Asia and - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Brief Report of the 3rd International Forum for Sustainable Asia and the Pacific (ISAP2011): The Asia-Pacific Multi-stakeholder Dialogue on Rio+20 Sixteenth Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) of NEASPEC 1-2 September 2011, Seoul, Republic of Korea Takashi Otsuka Programme Management Office IGES

About IGES  International Research Institute which conducts practical and innovative research for realizing sustainable development in the Asia and the Pacific.  IGES was established in 1998.  About 100 researchers, full-time and part- tie, from diversity of countries other than Japan (about 1/3 of staff : non- Japanese). IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp Sixteenth Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) of NEASPEC, 1-2 September, Seoul, Korea 2

International Forum for Sustainable Asia and the Pacific (ISAP2011 ) ~ New Asia-Pacific Perspectives towards Rio+20: Implications of the East Japan Disasters ~  The 3rd ISAP: 26-27 July 2011, Yokohama, Japan.  Co-organized by IGES and UNU-IAS.  Collaborators: UNESCAP, UNEP-ROAP, and ADB.  Participants: about 850 people.  ISAP2011 is designated as the Asia-Pacific Multi-stakeholder Dialogue on Rio+20  Themes: (1) Implications of the recent triple disasters in Eastern Japan. (2) Green Economy in the Context of Poverty Eradication (GECPE) (3) Institutional Framework for Sustainable Development (IFSD)  The summary of the discussion will be presented to the Asia Pacific Regional Preparatory Meeting for UNCSD, to be held in Seoul, ROK, from 19 to 20 October 2011. IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp Sixteenth Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) of NEASPEC, 1-2 September, Seoul, Korea 3

Outline (1) Introduction (2) Resilient and Sustainable Society (3) Green Economy in the Context of Poverty Eradication (GECPE) (4) Institutional Framework for Sustainable Development (IFSD) IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp Sixteenth Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) of NEASPEC, 1-2 September, Seoul, Korea 4

General views on Rio+20 Sustainable development could be only achieved by addressing the three  dimensions of sustainable development, namely economy, society, and environment, which are interdependent and should be addressed in an integrated manner. Gaps in interests and priorities of each country has been one of the obstacles for  enhancing international cooperation. The international community can learn from the recent Great East Japan  Earthquake and associated nuclear accident . Economic development Japan has been strongly pursued while underestimating social and environmental risks thereby undermining the resilience of society to manmade and natural hazards - with tremendous economic, social, and environmental costs.  One of the key concepts underpinning integration is ‘resilience’, which should be revisited by all countries to contribute to sustainable development.  The emergence of an interlinked and resilient global governance and economic system based on the principles of sustainable development. The green economy is an important interim milestone in this system. At the same time, a better Institutional Framework for Sustainable Development (IFSD) is one of the necessary conditions. IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp Sixteenth Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) of NEASPEC, 1-2 September, Seoul, Korea 5

Topic 1:Resilient and Sustainable Society Outcome of ISAP2011 • The 3.11 earthquake, tsunami and subsequent accidents at the Fukushima nuclear power plant gave us a brutal reminder of challenges linked to energy supply and to where energy should come from. • There is a need to reduce energy demand and substitute nuclear energy with renewable energy. Although an intensive renewable energy pathway is not yet decided, early adoption of renewable energy substitutes (including geothermal) would offset initial price increase in the long run. • Fukushima is a lesson on strengthening safety protocols in countries with nuclear reactors, regardless of their plans for continued use of nuclear energy, through a sound system of governance emphasizing safety standards and measures, accountability, transparency and redress mechanisms which should be in place prior to nuclear energy promotion; • Lessons from around the region should be shared on disaster risk reduction and mobilizing communities in meaningful participation and decision making at each stage of disaster planning; • Policy frameworks need to be revised in view of the increasing number and severity of climate- related disasters and to enable better horizontal coordination between the ministries responsible for climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. • Disaster education should be further enhanced, as evidenced by successful examples in northern Japan of students evacuating by following the drills they had practiced. IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp Sixteenth Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) of NEASPEC, 1-2 September, Seoul, Korea 6

Building Resilient Societies (1) – Multi-level and multi- stakeholder governance The importance of horizontal and vertical  cooperation – In order to build a resilient National society, a multi-level and multi-stakeholder Government scheme needs to be developed in; and it is necessary for each of them to conduct actions which can be delivered most efficiently. National governments having a  Local facilitating and enabling role government Local government have the  responsibility for decision making and NPO implementation, and for promoting Local horizontal cooperation and government Private participation of different stakeholders. Sector Horizontal cooperation The integrated system of top-down and bottom-  up approaches has the potential for providing the opportunities to learn from each other and can be built strengthen resilient societies. IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp Sixteenth Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) of NEASPEC, 1-2 September, Seoul, Korea 7

Building Resilient Societies (2) – Community based pro- poor approach  Through experiences of climate change adaptation, the best way to manage disaster is community based pro-poor approach (i.e. poor communities are more vulnerable, facing on more risks, have less access to resources, funds, political connections, and information)  A local community has in-depth knowledge of local environment and society, and it is quite useful for the disaster prevention. At the recovery stage from the disaster, participation from local  community with autonomy is important. IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp Sixteenth Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) of NEASPEC, 1-2 September, Seoul, Korea 8

Safe, secure, and low-carbon energy (1) After the triple disaster, Japan faced serious shortages in energy supply  Think, review and revise energy and climate change policy , it is possible in Japan to  abandon-nuclear energy from:  (1) Right energy mix in the near future with moderate cost burden on the economy ; and  (2) Balance of supply and demand side of energy for households and small- and medium- enterprises (SMEs). (1) Right energy mix  Based on the preliminary result of various research scenarios, renewable energy scenario is less  expensive than other options, which avoiding high cost energy import and strengthening energy supply security. This is the potential to be the most valuable policy option in Japan. Japan’s indigenous resources like geothermal and tidal potential needs to be explored further and  renewable energy needs to be aggressively promoted in the country to achieve energy security Preliminary Result % Change in system costs compared to baseline % Change in cost of electricity production to REF Total CO2 emissions comparison 6.00% 300% 1400.0 4.00% 1350.0 250% % chnage to baseline 2.00% 1300.0 0.00% 200% Million ton 1250.0 REF -2.00% FFS-LR 150% 1200.0 FFS-LR -4.00% FFS-SR 1150.0 FFS-SR -6.00% 100% REN 1100.0 REN -8.00% JPN_FFS_LR JPN_FFS_SR JPN_REN_LR 50% 1050.0 FIX 0.35% -1.60% 1.83% INV 1000.0 0.82% 2.93% 2.15% 0% VAR 4.10% 5.36% -6.37% 2020 2030 2040 2050 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Total 1.11% 2.41% 1.12% [Ref.: A. Bhachattarya] IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp Sixteenth Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) of NEASPEC, 1-2 September, Seoul, Korea 9

Safe, secure, and low-carbon energy (2) (2) Balance of supply and demand side of energy for households and small-  and medium-enterprises (SMEs) – “ Green Innovation ” initiated by local government Comprehensive energy system management: demand and supply side framework for sustainable  and stable households and SMEs –reform of energy supply system considering demand side energy saving.  A combination of reducing energy consumption and strengthening energy efficiency regulations of products, housings, and buildings, promoting both life and work styles reforms Energy System Management Initiated by Local Government Energy Demand Energy Supply <SMEs> battery hydro Green electricity solar wind <Households> Home electrical biomass appliance IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp Sixteenth Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) of NEASPEC, 1-2 September, Seoul, Korea 10