Beyond compliance: meeting the indoor environmental needs of the - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Beyond compliance: meeting the indoor environmental needs of the occupants in hospital buildings Prachi Garnawat PhD Candidate School of Property, Construction and Project Management RMIT University #HFMC17

Outline • Background to the research • Objectives of the study • Initial findings from the case study • Discussion • Way forward #HFMC17

Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) • There are various parameters that Air Quality influence IEQ of a building • IAQ, thermal, acoustic and visual comfort are considered as the key IEQ Thermal Visual Comfort Comfort parameters • The nature and impact of the IEQ parameters vary with the types of Acoustic comfort buildings #HFMC17

Major Impacts of IEQ in Healthcare Facilities #HFMC17

IEQ regulations and guidelines for healthcare facilities #HFMC17

Compilation of IEQ standard limits Sources : 1Building Code of Australia (ABCB, 2016); 2AS 1668.2 (Standards Australia, 2012); 3ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1 (ASHRAE, 2010); 4AS 4260 (Standards Australia, 1997a); 5ASHRAE #HFMC17 Standard 55 (ASHRAE, 2013); 6AS/NZS 1680-2.5 (Standards Australia, 1997b)

Assessment of IEQ in Healthcare Facilities • There is a limited information and research available on IEQ in Australian healthcare facilities • There are no standardized IEQ assessment methods and guidelines for healthcare facilities • The related guidelines suggest minimum requirements which might not meet occupant needs and occupant satisfaction #HFMC17

Objectives of the study • To identify the current practices in management of IEQ in Australian Hospitals • To identify the IEQ parameters considered by building occupants (such as hospital staff) to provide satisfactory indoor environment • To analyse and manage the gap between the occupants’ preference and the building performance in terms of IEQ #HFMC17

Research Instrument #HFMC17

Survey Design Manager Survey Staff Survey #HFMC17

Case Study • Regional public hospital in Victoria • It provides services from emergency, medical, surgical to aged care and rehabilitation • Medium sized hospital with 65 acute and 90 high care beds #HFMC17

Survey Results • Total occupancy- 120 Respondents • Response rate- 28% Medical • Officer/Practitioner Gender- Female- 80 % 9% 9% Nurse • Average age- 42 years 29% Diagnostic 35% professionals • Average Experience in HC- 15 Allied health professionals 15% years ( 1-36 years) Administrative and 3% clerical staff • Other Average Experience in the hospital 10 years ( 1-30 years) #HFMC17

Code Parameter Code Parameter AQ1 Presence of operable Windows and natural AC1 Noise Levels ventilation AC2 Ability to avoid disturbance due to AQ2 Air Quality (Dusty) noise from co-workers AQ3 Air Freshness (Stuffy) AC3 Ability to avoid disturbance due to AQ4 Olfactory (odour) Comfort (Smelly) noise from equipment AQ5 Ability to control air quality SQ1 Space available for individual work TC1 Air temperature during winters SQ2 Cleanliness TC2 Relative Humidity SQ3 Availability of places of Respite TC3 Ability to control air temperature SQ4 Privacy TC4 Air temperature consistency in a day SQ5 Availability of Prayer and quiet rooms TC5 Air temperature during summers LC1 Level of light or luminance SQ6 Availability of Children activity room LC2 Flickering of Light SQ7 Way finding LC3 Ability to control artificial lighting level F1 Availability of feedback system LC4 Availability of natural/daylight F2 Regular survey for feedback LC5 Access to outside views F3 Action taken on the reports LC6 Shading devices on window to control sunlight #HFMC17

Satisfaction with IEQ OVERALL IEQ 96% 96% 95% 92% 91% 81% 79% 69% Satisfaction 62% 59% Importance 45% 35% INDOOR AIR THERMAL LIGHTING ACOUSTIC SPATIAL FEEDBACK QUALITY COMFORT QUALITY #HFMC17

Discussion • Lighting and acoustic comfort were given the highest importance followed by thermal comfort and air quality . • The least satisfactory parameter to the staff was regular survey of IEQ followed by their ability to control temperature and ventilation settings. • There seems to be a need to move beyond compliance to include occupants’ need in hospital IEQ provision #HFMC17

Way Forward • Provide research for evidence based designing of hospital buildings that reflects the needs of all the occupants • Include the experience of IEQ and facilities managers in the hospital research and development • Investigate and develop integrated IEQ assessment and management framework which involves all the stakeholders #HFMC17

Thank You. Prachi Garnawat email: prachi.garnawat@rmit.edu.au School of Property, Construction and Project Management RMIT University Melbourne, Australia #HFMC17

Sources • 1 ABCB. 2016. National Construction Code , Building Code of Australia Volume 1 - Class 2 to 9 Buildings, Canberra: Australian Building Codes Board (ABCB) • 2 Standards Australia. 1997b. AS/NZS 1680-2.5 : Interior lighting Part 2.5: Hospital and medical tasks, Sydney: Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand • 3 ASHRAE. 2010. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. Atlanta, GA: ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality • 4 Standards Australia. 1997a. AS 4260 : High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters — Classification, construction and performance. Homebush, NSW: Standards Australia • 5 ASHRAE. 2013. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2013 : Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy (pp. 58). Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) • 6 Standards Australia. 1997b. AS/NZS 1680-2.5 : Interior lighting Part 2.5: Hospital and medical tasks, Sydney: Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand #HFMC17

References • ABS 2012, Industry Structure and Performance Australian Bureau of Statistics, viewed 25/04 • ACSQHC 2012, Review of Patient Experience and Satisfaction Surveys Conducted Within Public and Private Hospitals in Australia , ACSQHC, Australia. • AIHW 2016, Australia's Health , AIHW, Canberra. • Armstrong, BK, Gillespie, JA, Leeder, SR, Rubin, GL & Russell, LM 2007, 'Challenges in health and health care for Australia', Medical Journal of Australia , vol. 187, no. 9, pp. 485-489, • Australian Government 2016, Industry Employment Projections , Canberra • Garnawat, P, Andamon, MM, Wong, JP & Woo, J 2017, 'Assessment of indoor environmental quality in Australian healthcare facilities: a review of standards and guidelines', Healthy Buildings 2017 Europe, Lublin, Poland • Health Workforce 2014, Australia’s Future Health Workforce – Nurses Overview Report , Canberra. • NHMRC 2010, Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare NHMRC, Canberra, Australia • Naccarella, L, Buchan, J, Sheahan, M, Reading, M, Chevez, A & Pollard, B 2016, Design Matters For Nurses: Hospital design for nurse attraction and retention , HASSELL, Melbourne, Australia. • Ulrich, R, Quan, X, Zimring, C, Joseph, A & Choudhary, R 2004, The Role of the Physical Environment in the Hospital of the 21st Century: A Once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity . • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2012, The Physical Environment: An Often Unconsidered Patient Safety Tool , viewed 19/06 #HFMC17