COPERNICUS & GALILEO for environmental compliance assurance
AGENDA
INTRODUCTION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGE THROUGH THE ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE ASSURANCE Irene Wyndham, Moderator Hugo de Groof, European Commission, DG ENV Compliance and Better regulation
EU SPACE PROGRAMME in a nutshell
EU SPACE PROGRAMME Copernicus Catharina Bamps, European Commission, DGGROW (I2) Copernicus Unit
Copernicus COPERNICUS is EU revolutionary Earth Observation and Monitoring programme, looking at our planet and its environment for the benefit of all European citizens
Copernicus
Copernicus KEY ELEMENTS OF THE NEXT REGULATION FOR COPERNICUS TOP PRIORITY: STABILITY OF THE PROGRAMME AND LONG TERM COMMITMENT (Enhanced) continuity of current data and services; Public Programme = public goods to benefit downstream sector; Continuity of full, open and free data and information policy for the environmental domain. ADDITIONAL SERVICES WILL BE CONSIDERED TO MEET EMERGING NEEDS Climate change and sustainable development; Monitoring CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions; Changes in the Arctic; Land use and forestry; Security: improving the EU's capacity (border controls and maritime surveillance).
Copernicus SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPACT (1/2)
Copernicus SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPACT (2/2)
EU SPACE PROGRAMME Galileo & EGNOS
Galileo GALILEO is the European Satellite Navigation System offering positioning and timing information Open Service (OS) OS-Navigation Message • Free service for positioning, timing and navigation Authentication (OS-NMA) Example: 700 million Galileo enabled phones around the world Public Regulated • Encrypted service designed for greater robustness and Service (PRS ) higher availability Search and Rescue Service • Assists locating and rescuing people in distress (SAR)
Galileo EGNOS is the regional satellite-based augmentation system • EGNOS is used to improve the performance of Galileo and other satellite navigation systems i.e. GPS • EGNOS is widely used in aviation and agriculture
Galileo & Egnos Galileo and EGNOS apply in traditional markets as well as in all major technology trends and emerging applications New trends Traditional markets • Internet of things • Transport • Augmented Reality • Agriculture • Autonomous Cars • Maritime • Drones • Mapping • Big Data • Smartphones • M-Health
Galileo How Galileo contributes to natural protection? • Galileo is widely used in mapping applications I.e. soil moisture mapping /biomass mapping • These maps ensure better allocation and use of the natural wealth • Could help at the enforcement of environmental laws
Galileo Galileo for smart urban management • Galileo and EGNOS offers numerous opportunities to design and improve city services such as smart waste managements with sensor-embedded garbage bins
EU Space Programme EU SPACE PROGRAMME • Will ensure continuity of the existing space activities; • Will create synergies between the space activities; • Give boost to innovation and entrepreneurship.
EXAMPLES OF GEOSPATIAL INTELLIGENCE, DATA AND TOOLS Natura 2000 grasslands Air Quality
ASSURING COMPLIANCE THROUGH REMOTE SENSING Natura 2000 grasslands Frank Vassen, European Commission, ENV.D3 - Nature protection
Natura 2000 grasslands
Natura 2000 grasslands May 2007
Natura 2000 grasslands May 2015
Natura 2000 grasslands Defining current extent of arable and grassland within the current site boundaries OBJECTIVE 1
Natura 2000 grasslands Land cover classification for the year 2007 shows grasslands and pasture cover 71% of the assessment area
Natura 2000 grasslands Currently, 2016, grassland and pasture cover half of assessment area
Natura 2000 grasslands Customized land cover classification based on Landsat satellite images from 2007-2016 shows that in 2016 arable land is dominant Between the years 2007 and 2009 arable land was increasing • However, there is a decline of arable land to be observed in the period between 2009 and 2011 • Since 2011, there has been a steady increase of arable land. In 2016, arable land is dominant in the assessed area •
Natura 2000 grasslands
Natura 2000 grasslands
Natura 2000 grasslands CONCLUSION - Natura 2000 grasslands Remote sensing data can track certain land cover changes in Natura 2000 sites, but • care must be taken to ensure a correct interpretation of data; Current available data, technologies and know-how open the way for a systematic & • near real-time checking of compliance with certain legal requirements for Natura 2000.
REPORTING ON ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE Example: Air quality Stefan Jensen – European Environment Agency Supported by Alberto González Ortiz, Michel Houssiau, Anke Lükewille
Example: Air Quality AIR POLLUTION – AIR QUALITY – A TOPICS TO Source: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications#c7=en&c11=5&c14=air-quality-reports&c12=&b_start=0&c5=air ADDRESS Premature death due to air pollution exposure: Figures from 2018 EEA report: PM2.5 391.000 NO2 76.000 O3 16.400
Example: Air Quality Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-03-air-pollution-extra-deaths-year.html “Air pollution is causing damage to human health and ecosystems. Large parts of the population do not live in a healthy environment, according to current standards. To get on to a sustainable path, Europe will have to be ambitious and go beyond current legislation.” Hans Bruyninckx, EEA Executive Director
Example: Air Quality THE CONCEPT OF ”ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE ASSURANCE” 3 classes of intervention Promotion - awareness raising, guidance and advice Monitoring - inspections and other checks Enforcement - audit recommendations, offical warnings, administrative fines, criminal prosecutions
Example: Air Quality PROMOTION: The most popular European source e.g. easily found through Google - The European Air Quality Index Source: http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/air/air-quality-index/index
PROMOTION: Example – up-to-date Particulate Matter – PM10 Example: Air Quality Source: https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/explore-interactive-maps/up-to-date-air-quality-data
Example: Air Quality … current service provided by Copernicus… Source: http://www.regional.atmosphere.copernicus.eu/
Example: Air Quality ...deeper integration is starting in the coming months So far: The Air Quality index is currently gap-filled with Copernicus modelling data The gap-filling method used depends on the pollutant, i.e. for NO2, PM2.5 and PM10 by using a difference method; for O3 by using a multiplicative method; for SO2 no gap filling is performed. From November 2019 complemented with Copernicus modelling data used for a 24 hour forecast index.
Example: Air Quality MONITORING – the official data for compliance assessment strictly based on data reported by Member Countries and validated by EEA Source: https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/dashboards/air-quality-statistics
MONITORING – population exposure to air pollution spatial distribution Example: Air Quality Source: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications#c7=en&c11=5&c14=air-quality-reports&c12=&b_start=0&c5=air
Example: Air Quality ENFORCEMENT – not part of EEA mandate • EEA provides quality assured (validated) and near real-time (up-to-date) data on air pollution based on EU legislation • DG Environment uses these sources for compliance assessment / enforcement activities
Example: Air Quality CONCLUSION - Air Quality • Improving compliance promotion based on hourly updated monitoring and Copernicus data • Complements compliance checking based on reported monitoring data • Enabling better enforcement measures
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS Irene Wyndham, Moderator Hugo de Groof, European Commission, DG ENV Compliance and Better regulation
INNOVATIONS IN GEOSPATIAL INTELLIGENCE GATHERING AND APPLICATION CybELE MISTRALE
CUSTOMISED ENVIRONMENTAL CRIME REPORTS FOR LAW FIRMS AND INSURANCE COMPANIES Robin Bouvier, CybELE, Copernicus Masters
CybELE Make polluters pay . . CybELE
CybELE I.PROBLEMS II. SOLUTIONS III. SERVICES AND PRODUCTS IV.PARTNERS AND CONTACT CybELE
CybELE I. PROBLEMS Hidden, silent and unsolved criminality CybELE
CybELE II. SOLUTIONS Investigation by mean of Earth Observation: from hearsay to evidence Using Open Geospatial data to empower legal experts in the management of environmental cases by improving the access to evidence in Europe. CybELE
CybELE III. SERVICES AND PRODUCTS Analysed and contextualized satellite image CybELE
CybELE III. SERVICES AND PRODUCTS Analysed and contextualized satellite image DATA ANALYTICS Optical algorithms for spill detection. Elimination of false positives. Assessment of the size of the damaged area. Short delivery time. CybELE
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