Better Buildings Alliance Plug and Process Loads (PPL) Team Webinar Technical Lead: Kim Trenbath, NREL November 13, 2019
Agenda • BBA PPL Team Updates • Publications • New Research • Upcoming Events • Technical Presentations • Energy Savings and Usability of Zero-Client Computing in Office Settings Amanda Farthing, University of Michigan • Driving Down Consumer Electronics Energy Use: Lessons from Residential Jennifer Amann, American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy • Discussion and Q&A • Member Updates
Team Players Technical Team Lead: Dr. Kim Trenbath National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Kim.Trenbath@nrel.gov Phone (office): (303) 275-3710 Carly Burke Bennett Doherty Katie Vrabel Waypoint Energy NREL Waypoint Energy
Latest Publications Device-level plug load disaggregation in a zero energy office building and opportunities for energy savings • Energy and Buildings • Bennett Doherty & Kim Trenbath • October 2019
Latest Publications Integrating Smart PPL Controls into EMIS Platforms – A Landscaping Study • Technical Report • Rois Langner & Kim Trenbath • June 2019 5
Latest Publications Emerging Technologies for Improved Plug Load Management Systems: Learning Behavior Algorithms and Automatic and Dynamic Load Detection • In progress technical report • Bennett Doherty, Kim Trenbath, Katie Vrabel, & Carly Burke
New Research Automatic and dynamic load detection laboratory study Interoperability of plug load controls with other building systems and EMIS platforms 7
Collaborations Share your experiences, express your interest, or request technical assistance by contacting: integratedlighting@pnnl.gov
2019-2020 Better Buildings Webinar Series BACK BY POPULAR DEMAND: HOW BUILDINGS OF ALL SHAPES FINANCE + RESILIENCE: AND SIZES ARE BECOMING ZERO THE BEST OF THE 2019 INSIGHTS FROM INDUSTRY LEADERS BETTER BUILDINGS SUMMIT ENERGY USERS Tue, Apr 1, 2020 | 3:00 - 4:00 PM ET Tue, Sep 17, 2019 | 3:00 - 4:00 PM ET Tue, Dec 3, 2019 | 3:00 - 4:00 PM ET GETTING TO 100%: BEST OF THE BETTERS: GET SMART (LABS): OVERCOMING BARRIERS TO THE 2019 BETTER PROJECT AND RESULTS FROM THE TENANT DATA COLLECTION BETTER PRACTICE PRESENTATIONS SMART LABS ACCELERATOR Tue, Oct 1, 2019 | 3:00 - 4:00 PM ET Tue, Jan 7, 2020 | 3:00 - 4:00 PM ET Tue, May 5, 2020 | 3:00 - 4:00 PM ET ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND SAVE MONEY AND BUILD RENEWABLE ENERGY IN RESILIENCE WITH DISTRIBUTED SMALL AND RURAL K-12 ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES SCHOOLS Tue, Feb 4, 2020 | 3:00 - 4:00 PM ET Tue, Oct 22, 2019 | 3:00 - 4:00 PM ET RETHINKING LEASING: BUILDING VALUE: ENERGY EFFICIENCY’S IMPACT ON SPOTLIGHT ON THE 2019 GREEN LEASE LEADERS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE Tue, Nov 12, 2019 | 3:00 - 4:00 PM ET Tue, Mar 3, 2020 | 3:00 - 4:00 PM ET
Upcoming Events 2020 GSA / DOE Request for Information on Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings • View the recorded webinar • View RFI posting details here • Closes December 9, 2019
Upcoming Events Smart Energy Analytics Campaign Webinar • Presenting the 2019 New Installation Recognition awards • November 20 th , 11am-12pm PST • Register here http://smart-energy-analytics.org
Upcoming Events • • Hyatt Regency Crystal City (Arlington, VA) • • Registration opens in January; early-bird discounts available • • More information here •
Guest Presentation Amanda Farthing University of Michigan adfarth@umich.edu
Energy Savings and Usability of Zero-Client Computing in Office Settings Amanda Farthing Study Co-Authors: Rois Langner, Kim Trenbath U.S. Department of Energy, Better Buildings Alliance Technical Research Team Call November 13, 2019
Computing in the commercial sector is a large energy consumer Computing loads ~ 1 quad / year 5% total energy consumption U.S. Commercial Buildings 2017 2017 percentage of total energy consumption by end use attributed to computing loads in all commercial buildings. Data from EIA Annual Energy Outlook 2019. NREL | 15
We compared virtual and traditional computing methods vs NREL | 16
NREL | 17
Computing takes place on data center servers NREL | 18
Research Questions: ➢ Can virtual computing using zero clients save energy? ➢ When are virtual machines and zero clients appropriate? NREL | 19
1 3 Workstation Whole Building Four-Pronged Analysis 4 2 Questionnaire Data Center NREL | 20
Four workstations were submetered over 2 weeks NREL | 21
NREL | 22
21 Watts: average power draw of one virtual machine on data center servers NREL | 23
Average plug load power draw is similar between computing types NREL | 24
Total average power including the VM servers is 119% higher for zero clients NREL | 25
We analyzed whole- building plug loads in NREL’s Research Support Facility A B C NREL | 26
We analyzed whole- building plug loads in NREL’s Research Support Facility A B C Sept 2013: Switch to zero clients NREL | 27
C Wing plug loads decreased after switch to zero clients NREL | 28
2016 plug loads were lower in office using zero clients during occupied hours only NREL | 29
Average plug load power per occupant is lower for the office space using zero clients NREL | 30
But not when VM power consumption is considered NREL | 31
Research Questions: ➢ Can virtual computing using zero clients save energy? ➢ When are virtual machines and zero clients appropriate? NREL | 32
Questionnaire results indicate varied preferences • Current VM technology is more appropriate for light and medium power users • Nearly 50% of VM users felt that the processing speeds were too slow • VM users worry less about cyber security or theft of their computing systems while traveling • More VM users (82%) versus laptop users (55%) found it easy to access their files and applications from multiple locations NREL | 33
Questionnaire results indicate varied preferences “ My VM has changed my life. It allows me to do tasks from home that were “ I hate them, it is like torture trying to use a impossible before. ” browser or Excel .” “ I LOVE my zero client and would only give it up with loud vocal disagreement. (I hate having to lug things around like a tablet.) ” NREL | 34
Key Takeaways • Although zero clients offer plug load savings (particularly during occupied hours),… • Power consumption of virtual machines can make zero- client computing more energy intensive • Virtual Desktop Infrastructure and Data Center efficiency heavily influence total energy consumption • Zero clients can help improve cyber security and remote file access • More work is needed to improve the usability/performance of zero-client computing NREL | 35
More Key Takeaways • Benefits of submetering building loads • Opportunities for Advanced Power Strips and Smart Outlets • Role of user behavior in energy use NREL | 36
Full Report: Amanda Farthing, M. Rois Langner & Kim Trenbath (2018): Energy savings and usability of zero-client computing in office settings, Intelligent Buildings International, DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2018.1513357
Thank you! Questions? Amanda Farthing adfarth@umich.edu
Guest Presentation Jennifer Amann American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy jamann@aceee.org
Driving Down Consumer Electronics Energy Use: Lessons from Residential Jennifer Amann, Buildings Program Director, ACEEE Better Buildings Alliance Plug and Process Loads Technical Research Team Webinar November 13, 2019
The American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) founded in 1980. We act as a catalyst to advance energy efficiency policies, programs, technologies, investments, & behaviors. Our research explores economic impacts, financing options, behavior changes, program design, and utility planning, as well as US national, state, & local policy. Our work is made possible by foundation funding, contracts, government grants, and conference revenue. aceee.org @ACEEEdc
Set-Top Boxes: 2012 Estimated Energy Consumption UEC Units TEC Power Plants Segment Category kWh/yr Millions TWh/yr Rosenfelds DVR 282 27 7.5 2.5 Non-DVR 139 57 7.9 2.6 Cable Client 90 2 0.1 0.0 DTA * 39 33 1.3 0.4 DVR 283 21 5.9 2.0 Satellite Non-DVR 110 58 6.4 2.1 DVR 140 6 0.8 0.3 Telco Non-DVR 90 21 1.9 0.6 U.S. Total - 225 32 10.6 * DTA stands for digital transport adapter Further rapid growth projected with increasing prevalence of digital video recorders!
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