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SleepKit A Mobile Sleep Tracking Application for Promoting Healthy Sleep Behavior Supervisors: Pieter Robberechts Joris Klerkx Elena Smets http://probberechts.github.io/thesis Goal and Motivation Iterative Development Demo Experiment

  1. SleepKit A Mobile Sleep Tracking Application for Promoting Healthy Sleep Behavior Supervisors: Pieter Robberechts Joris Klerkx Elena Smets http://probberechts.github.io/thesis

  2. Goal and Motivation Iterative Development Demo Experiment Results Conclusions

  3. MOTIVATION Adequate sleep is a key part of a healthy lifestyle. 35 percent of Americans report their sleep quality as “poor” or “only fair” First step towards an improved sleep quality = improve sleep hygiene Engagement with data collection enhances people’s awareness and provides an opportune moment to reflect on their behaviors Self trackers are attracting a lot of users SLEEPKIT : a mobile phone sleep tracking application to help promote awareness about healthy sleep habits and improve sleep quality

  4. GOAL OF THIS THESIS How can a sleep tracking application promote healthy sleep behavior and contribute to a better sleep quality? What is How to Prompt good / bad? improve change

  5. GOAL OF THIS THESIS How can a sleep tracking application promote healthy sleep behavior and contribute to a better sleep quality? What is good / bad? Not enough? What should it look like? Is this normal?

  6. GOAL OF THIS THESIS How can a sleep tracking application promote healthy sleep behavior and contribute to a better sleep quality? What is good / bad? % LIGHT SLEEP DEEP SLEEP

  7. GOAL OF THIS THESIS How can a sleep tracking application promote healthy sleep behavior and contribute to a better sleep quality? What is good / How to bad? improve 6 HRS 5 HRS 4 HRS 3 HRS 2 HRS 1 HRS 0 HRS Stop drinking Stop drinking Finish Turn of Sleep! caffeine alcohol excercising electronics Avoid heavy Stop working, studying meals and stressing

  8. GOAL OF THIS THESIS How can a sleep tracking application promote healthy sleep behavior and contribute to a better sleep quality? What is good / How to Prompt bad? improve change

  9. GOAL OF THIS THESIS How can a sleep tracking application promote healthy sleep behavior and contribute to a better sleep quality? What is good / How to Prompt bad? improve change HealthPatch sensor (IMEC): - 2-lead ECG - 3-axis accelerometer → WAKE, REM, DEEP, LIGHT

  10. Goal and Motivation Iterative Development Demo Experiment Results Conclusions

  12. Goal and Motivation Iterative Development Demo Experiment Results Conclusions

  19. Goal and Motivation Iterative Development Demo Experiment Results Conclusions

  20. EXPERIMENT DESIGN Initial session In the field Final session Informed consent 10 participants Questionnaire: - SUS - Interpretability 7 nights - Awareness - Motivation - Sleep with HealthPatch + - Daily synchronize - Reflect on the tracked data Discussion Tutorial Entrance questionnaire - Demographics - Sleep quality (PSQI)

  21. PARTICIPANTS Their sleep quality: 10 Participants Their knowledge of sleep hygiene: Know that caffeine should be avoided in the evening 1O 7 Know the effect of alcohol on sleep 0 Can name at least 6 sleep hygiene recommendations

  22. Goal and Motivation Iterative Development Demo Experiment Results Conclusions

  23. USABILITY

  24. USABILITY 5 4 3 2 1 I think that I would like to use this system frequently

  25. USABILITY 5 4 3 2 1 I found the system unnecessarily complex

  26. USABILITY WORST POOR OK GOOD EXCELLENT BEST IMAGINABLE IMAGINABLE DP1 DP3 Experiment Experiment A. Bangor, P. Kortum, and J. Miller, “Determining what individual SUS scores mean: Adding an adjective rating scale,” Journal of usability studies , vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 114–123, may 2009.

  27. G1: INTERPRETABILITY 4 Q1. Easy to tell if quality of night is good / Q4. Easy to link poor sleep quality to cause bad Q2. Easy to compare quality of nights Q5. Learned all term quickly Q3. Easy to judge sleep pattern Q6. No irrelevant information

  28. G2: AWARENESS Q1. More aware of importance of sleep Q4. Learned something new about my sleep hygiene pattern Q2. Learned something new about sleep Q5. Learned how to improve some poor hygiene elements

  29. G3: MOTIVATION 1 3 2 4 Q1. Spent more attention on sleep hygiene Q4. Sleep hygiene tips had an effect Q2. Spent more attention on sleep pattern Q5. Motivated by seeing effect in tracked data Q3. Motivated because of tracking Q6. Bedtime notifications motivated me

  30. Goal and Motivation Iterative Development Demo Experiment Results Conclusions

  31. Conslusions Users are more interested in tracking their sleep than improving their sleep quality BUT: - See sleep hygiene recommendations as an added value - A reason to check the app daily - Encourages self reflection http://www.sarahvanbelle.be/The-Quantified-Self

  32. Conslusions Risk for demotivation BECAUSE: - Effect is not always immediate - Sleep tracking is not 100% accurate → false negative data http://33minutes.net/

  33. Conslusions SleepKit has the potential to promote healthy sleep behavior DATA: - 7 users got more aware of the importance of sleep hygiene - 8 users learned something new about sleep hygiene - 6 users spent more attention on their sleep hygiene / sleep pattern http://sleepsloth.com/

  34. Thanks! Any questions?

  35. Literature Implementation Sleep Stage Classification Iterative Development

  36. SHUTEYE J. S. Bauer, S. Consolvo, B. Greenstein, J. Schooler, E. Wu, N. F. Watson, and J. a. Kientz, “ShutEye: Encouraging awareness of healthy sleep recommendations with a mobile, peripheral display,” Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI Conference) , pp. 1401–1410, 2012.

  37. SLEEPTIGHT E. K. Choe, B. Lee, M. Kay, W. Pratt, and J. A. Kientz, “SleepTight: Low-burden, Self-monitoring Technology for Capturing and Reflect- ing on Sleep Behaviors,” Proceedings of the ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp ’15) , pp. 121–132, 2015.

  38. LIGHTS OUT W. V. Chen, M. Sra, and R. W. Picard. Improving Sleep-Wake Schedule Using Sleep Behavior Visualization and a Bedtime Alarm. In MobiHealth , pages 0–3. ICST, dec 2015.

  39. COMMERCIAL APPS

  40. Literature Implementation Sleep Stage Classification Iterative Development

  41. IMPLEMENTATION: DATA SYNCHRONIZATION

  42. IMPLEMENTATION: MVP

  43. Literature Implementation Sleep Stage Classification Iterative Development

  44. ML APPROACH

  45. QRS PEAK DETECTION

  46. EDR

  47. BASELINE WANDER

  48. BASELINE WANDER REMOVAL

  49. Literature Implementation Sleep Stage Classification Iterative Development

  50. PAPER PROTOTYPE

  51. DIGITAL PROTOTYPE 1 Main ideas: - Clock based metaphor for ideal preparation of a night - A quick overview of the quality of the previous nights

  52. DIGITAL PROTOTYPE 1 Evaluation results: - 36 possible usability problems - Glanceability problem - Confusing: two days visible on circle - What do colors mean? - What is clickable - Too dense to click on icons SUS score: 72 [64, 83]

  53. DIGITAL PROTOTYPE 2 Main ideas: - Vertical timeline to create more space - Show by default only data most relevant at the current time + scroll for older data

  54. DIGITAL PROTOTYPE 2 Evaluation results: - Same problem: too dense

  55. DIGITAL PROTOTYPE 3 Main ideas: - Split sleep hygiene information and tracked data

  56. DIGITAL PROTOTYPE 3 Evaluation results: - Horizontal scrollable areas → add shadow at borders - What is clickable → add shadow below SUS score: 81 [75, 87.5]

  57. FINAL VERSION Main ideas: - Small improvements - Bugfixes

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