Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Ben Godfrey Innovation & Low Carbon Networks Engineer
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Who Are We? • 7.8 Million customers over a 55,500 sq kms service area • Our network consists of 221,000 kms of overhead lines and underground cables, and 185,000 substations • LV to 132kV Network ownership
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Distribution Network Challenges Reverse Fault Voltage Thermal Harmonic Power Level Flow Changing Load and Generation Mix
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks F lexible A pproaches to L ow C arbon O ptimised N etworks
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Benefits of Energy Storage Systems Voltage Grid Thermal Voltage Control Fault Level Harmonic Reverse Power ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM Energy Real Level Power Control Control
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Equipment Deployed 100 kWh 50(100) kW Site Controller DC Switchgear Base Unit Inverter
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Existing Distribution Sites Colour to match existing Bespoke GRP 2600 mm W x 1800 mm D x 2750 mm H
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Installed Layout
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Installed Layout
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Installed Layout
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Physical Installation Challenges • Large Form Factor • Difficult to manoeuvre • DC wiring knowledge gaps • Fan Noise • Switching Frequency Noise • Environmental Conditions • Heat Dissipation • Electrical Protection (G59) • Modes of Failure • Harmonic Content
DNO Usage Profile 100 150 200 250 50 0 1 9 17 25 33 41 49 57 65 73 81 89 97 105 113 121 129 137 145 250A Circuit 153 161 169 177 185 193 201 Energy Storage for Distribution Networks 209 217 225 233 241 249 257 265 273 281 289 297 305 313 321 329 337 345 353 361
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks DNO Usage Profile 250A Circuit 16.00% 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 0.31% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00% 0 50 100 150 200 250
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Sharing the Benefits Supplier Triad Tariff Security Day/ of Night Supply Tariff Reinforc Distribution Red Rate ement Duos Network Deferral Quality of STOR Supply FFR FCDM National Grid
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Peak Shaving (24 hours) AMBRIDGE GROVE 100 Thousands 80 60 Power (kW) 40 20 0 -20 -40 13/09/2014 13/09/2014 04:00 13/09/2014 08:00 13/09/2014 12:00 13/09/2014 16:00 13/09/2014 20:00 Sum of Energy storage unit active power Sum of Sub active power excluding energy storage Sum of Total mean busbar active power - inc energy storage
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Peak Shaving (week)
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Frequency Regulation (9 hours)
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Combined Operation Results ESS Combined Operation for 19/01/2015 5.0 0.75 Note 1 4.5 0.65 Cumulative ESS output (MW/MVAR) Note 2 4.0 0.55 Feeder Load (MW/MVAR) 3.5 0.45 3.0 0.35 2.5 0.25 2.0 0.15 Note 3 1.5 0.05 1.0 -0.05 0.5 -0.15 Note 4 0.0 -0.25 Sum of Feeder active power, inc ESS output (MW) Sum of Feeder active power, excluding ESS output (MW) Sum of Cumulative ESS active output (MW)
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Combined Operation Results ESS Combined Operation for 20/01/2015 5.0 0.75 Note 1 4.5 0.65 Cumulative ESS output (MW/MVAR) 4.0 0.55 Feeder Load (MW/MVAR) 3.5 0.45 Note 3 Note 2 3.0 0.35 2.5 0.25 2.0 0.15 Note 4 1.5 0.05 1.0 -0.05 0.5 -0.15 0.0 -0.25 Sum of Feeder active power, inc ESS output (MW) Sum of Feeder active power, excluding ESS output (MW) Sum of Cumulative ESS active output (MW)
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Project Learning • Optimum charge and discharge windows • Available triggers for charging regime • DNO connection requirements for ancillary grid service operation • Best placement of storage on the system • Lifespan of battery versus running operation • Integration of ESSs with existing control environments • Improvements for equipment specifications • Input to UK-wide Good Practice Guide on storage • WPD Policy design for installation of battery storage facilities
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Project Benefits • Carbon offsetting through storage systems • Reduction in I 2 R system losses • Improvement in system efficiency • Voltage support • Reinforcement deferral • Reduced risks of stranded assets as deployment of battery storage gives options to delay reinforcement investment until demand trends are established • Power quality improvements • Facilitation of more Low Carbon Technologies
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks Q&A?
Energy Storage for Distribution Networks www.westernpowerinnovation.co.uk wpdinnovation@westernpower.co.u k
Ben Godfrey Western Power Distribution Innovation & Low Carbon Networks Engineer T: 07894258687 E: bgodfrey@westernpower.co.uk
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