AT ATI TEAS READING REVIEW PART 3 MAKING INFERENCES AND DRAWING CONCLUSIONS Understanding inference questions ask about logical implications or deductions that are drawn from the passage. They usually contain the following phrases: (1) “What does the author imply about ____?” (2) “What can be inferred about ____?” Additional phrases can be “most likely” and “probably.” A very common inference question is “Based on the passage, which of the following is true?” The correct answer to these questions must be logically implied from the passage. The correct answer will not be a detail found directly in the passage.
AT ATI TEAS READING REVIEW PART 3 EXAMPLE Close at hand is a bridge over the River Thames, an admirable vantage ground for us to make a survey. The river flows beneath; barges pass, laden with timber, bursting with corn; there on one side are the domes and spires of the city; on the other, Westminster and the Houses of Parliament. It is a place to stand on by the house, dreaming. But not now. Now we are pressed for time. Now we are here to consider facts; now we must fix our eyes upon the procession – the procession of the sons of educated men. According to the passage, Woolf chooses the setting of the bridge because it A. Is conducive to a mood of fanciful reflection B. Provides a good view of the procession of the sons of educated men C. Is within sight of historic episodes to which she alludes D. Is symbolic of the legacy of past and present sons of educated men AT ATI TEAS READING REVIEW PART 3 EXAMPLE Close at hand is a bridge over the River Thames, an admirable vantage ground for us to make a survey. The river flows beneath; barges pass, laden with timber, bursting with corn; there on one side are the domes and spires of the city; on the other, Westminster and the Houses of Parliament. It is a place to stand on by the house, dreaming. But not now. Now we are pressed for time. Now we are here to consider facts; now we must fix our eyes upon the procession – the procession of the sons of educated men. According to the passage, Woolf chooses the setting of the bridge because it A. Is conducive to a mood of fanciful reflection B. Provides a good view of the procession of the sons of educated men C. Is within sight of historic episodes to which she alludes D. Is symbolic of the legacy of past and present sons of educated men
AT ATI TEAS READING REVIEW PART 3 MAKING INFERENCES AND DRAWING CONCLUSIONS Drawing conclusion questions require the same logic as inference questions, except the focus is on the overall conclusion that can be made from the passage. These questions can ask about the “overall idea” implied in a selection versus the details. AT ATI TEAS READING REVIEW PART 3 EXAMPLE Julio and his father has been looking forward to their fishing trip for weeks. They didn’t take much food with them on the trip. When they started fishing they were quickly approached by a ranger. He asked Julio’s father if he had obtained a fishing license to fish. Julio’s father reached into this wallet then had a terrified look on his face. Julio was disappointed that night as he ate dinner. Why did Julio and his father not take much food with them on the trip? A. They didn’t want to eat too much B. They didn’t have any food at their home C. They were planning on eating the fish they caught D. They didn’t like to eat fish
AT ATI TEAS READING REVIEW PART 3 EXAMPLE Julio and his father has been looking forward to their fishing trip for weeks. They didn’t take much food with them on the trip. When they started fishing they were quickly approached by a ranger. He asked Julio’s father if he had obtained a fishing license to fish. Julio’s father reached into this wallet then had a terrified look on his face. Julio was disappointed that night as he ate dinner. Why did Julio and his father not take much food with them on the trip? A. They didn’t want to eat too much B. They didn’t have any food at their home C. They were planning on eating the fish they caught D. They didn’t like to eat fish AT ATI TEAS READING REVIEW PART 3 UNDERSTANDING FACT VS OPINION VS BIAS VS STEREOTYPE • Fact is determined by a portion of text based on factual information and can be verified. Example: As of 2008, there are 3.1 million registered nurses. • Opinion is determined by the author’s beliefs and not facts. Example: I love small dogs. • Bias is a personal preference that may interfere with the author’s ability to be objective. Example: the author’s likes vs dislikes. If someone is biased toward women, they might display that bias by hiring a man over a more-qualified woman. • Persuasive texts will show bias • Stereotype is a generalization about a group. Example: a group of individuals whom all have a certain characteristic. Example: Senior citizens are bad drivers.
AT ATI TEAS READING REVIEW PART 3 EXAMPLE CPR, also known as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, is the American Heart Association’s started for attempting to save someone’s life. It is a method used when a patient’s heart has stopped beating. Most all approaches of CPR begin with resuscitation efforts via chest compressions. In order to perform chest compressions, the rescuer begins by placing both hands flat on the sternum of the patient’s chest and begins pushing down consistently and firmly at equal intervals. Compressions are counted with an unofficial recommendation of 100 chest compressions per minute. For those trained in CPR, one of the best ways to remember the order in which steps should be administered is to use the CAB mnemonic. CAB stands for Circulation, Airway, and Breathing. The goal is to aid an unresponsive person to start breathing on their own. The author states that “one of the best ways to remember the order in which steps should be administered is to use the CAB mnemonic.” This statement best described by which of the following? A. It is a fact, because CAB is a mnemonic and easy to remember B. It is an opinion, because the author is not able to determine what is “best” for all people C. It Is face, because there is empirical research to prove the statement D. It is an opinion, because the author introduces it with the “in my opinion” phrase AT ATI TEAS READING REVIEW PART 3 EXAMPLE CPR, also known as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, is the American Heart Association’s started for attempting to save someone’s life. It is a method used when a patient’s heart has stopped beating. Most all approaches of CPR begin with resuscitation efforts via chest compressions. In order to perform chest compressions, the rescuer begins by placing both hands flat on the sternum of the patient’s chest and begins pushing down consistently and firmly at equal intervals. Compressions are counted with an unofficial recommendation of 100 chest compressions per minute. For those trained in CPR, one of the best ways to remember the order in which steps should be administered is to use the CAB mnemonic. CAB stands for Circulation, Airway, and Breathing. The goal is to aid an unresponsive person to start breathing on their own. The author states that “one of the best ways to remember the order in which steps should be administered is to use the CAB mnemonic.” This statement best described by which of the following? A. It is a fact, because CAB is a mnemonic and easy to remember B. It is an opinion, because the author is not able to determine what is “best” for all people C. It Is face, because there is empirical research to prove the statement D. It is an opinion, because the author introduces it with the “in my opinion” phrase
AT ATI TEAS READING REVIEW PART 3 UNDERSTANDING POINT OF VIEW, TONE, AND EVALUATING AN ARGUMENT Point of view refers to how the author feels about the passage and the specific opinions he or she holds. How to determine point of view: • Is the passage a narrative, informational, or persuasive passage? • Is the passage based on verifiable facts or the author’s opinion? AT ATI TEAS READING REVIEW PART 3 EXAMPLE As a child, I remember the hot summer evenings spent outside with my parents, naming the birds we heard but could not see. In the dying light, our perception was limited to only one sense—our hearing. From tree to tree echoed a symphony of calls: Was that a blue jay? A Baltimore oriole? Or that chameleon of birds, the mockingbird? As I tested my fledgling ear I turned to my father for reassurance. Behind his discerning eyes lay something that I wouldn’t be able to identify until many decades later. Was it…. “Dinner is ready!” Mother called. Our Audubon expedition would have to be continued another day. The point of view from which this passage is told is best described as: A. A young child communicating his emotions and perspectives B. A third person narrator who is aware of every character’s emotions C. An adult reflective appreciatively on his youth D. A third person narrator who tells the story through their own perspectives
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